...The Impact of Nursing – 21st Century Changes This paper will review the 2010 Institute of Medicine (IOM) report on the future of nursing and highlight the need of lifelong education for nurses as changes occur in the American health care system. The leadership role of the 21st century nurse is changing in and outside of traditional healthcare settings. The paper will include possibilities of the nurse’s functions in the changing administrative and policy making capacity in the health care profession. In addition to providing information about educational needs and leadership roles the paper includes an opinion of personal practice as it relates to the goals of the IOM report’s Focus on Scope of Practice. Learning should be a lifelong venture for many professions that have changes occurring during their careers. Nursing is one of the professions that will benefit if the majority of practitioners take up the challenge of continual education during their careers. Society will be the beneficiary of the nurse’s increased knowledge and skill. The IOM report states “All health care organizations and schools of nursing should foster a culture of lifelong learning and provide resources for interprofessional continuing competency programs” (Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Initiative on the Future of Nursing at the Institute of Medicine [IOM], 2010, p. 6). The report continues with recommendations of “funding for grants and scholarships for nurses” to accommodate the lifelong learning...
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...The profession of professional nursing has made many changes in the past half century and is expected to make many more by the middle of the twenty first century. These changes range from more technically challenging work both in and outside of the hospital, increasingly more complex patients, the need for critical thinking skills and the explosion of technology related to healthcare. Educational emphasis has evolved since the mid 20th century and will become increasingly more vital as the profession moves to the future. With all these changes in nursing the basics are still there; patient centered care, empathy, providing Maslow’s basic needs. During the Second World War the practice of nursing changed (Morgan, 1998). Nurses were no longer confined to the hospital, “they were really at the patient’s bedside, making their own choices based on their own clinical judgment and dealing with the consequences. They were discovering that’s what nursing is all about” (Morgan, 1998). Health care priorities also moved from the health of the community to the health and well being of the individual (Klainberg, 2010). Post Second World War also saw the ability of global travel. Air travel expanded and traveling from continent to continent in a day was becoming more feasible. With that comes the risk of spreading infectious diseases more easily. With that, fortunately, the discoveries of new and more effective antibiotics were taking off in the healthcare system. (Klainberg, 2010)...
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...health care professionals like nurses. The country’s higher institutions like Universities and colleges have responded to this demand previously by providing more nurses, for example more pathways were created to allow more people to become registered nurses (RNs) either as BSN, ADN or the more recently introduced program that allows students who already have baccalaureate degree in another field to become nurses with bachelor’s or masters degree in nursing. The IOM report indicates that our 20th century nursing educations are not sufficient and falls short of 21st century health needs. It is clear by all accounts that patients needs and environment of which nurses’ practice are continuously becoming more complex, this condition require nurse to sharpen their competencies to deliver high-quality care. This calls for different approach to nursing education and training. The report calls for new training that focuses on transforming Practice, Transforming Education, and Transforming Leadership. Based on the current scope of nursing practice, we can induce that U.S. nurses were trained to treat acute illnesses and injuries based on 20th century needs which is no longer adequate...
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...Nursing is a dynamic profession and life long learning is essential for nurses to stay current with the increased complexity of the healthcare needs of today and into the future.In other words, the needs of our patients are changing, as we must change in order to be prepared to better serve that need. Nursing has a long history of formal education which moved out of hospitals and into colleges and universities early last century. The associate degree level of nursing was developed out of a need to produce nurses in response to a shortage during and following World War II. It was a proposed as a temporary solution to a shortage to a shortage but was not intended to replace the professional level of nursing education. The ADN program require about 2 yrs for the student to complete. The Adn nurses are associate degree in nursing, ADN nurses have clinical skills and hands on basic skills but they lack both management and leadership skills with in the nursing field. Additionally they lack research skills used in nursing as well as knowledge on informatics the use of technological advances in enhancing quality medical delivery. ADN gives you the fundamentals of nursing practices. They basic theory, skills, competencies knowledge of scope of practice and legalities for licensure and the essential general education core that is necessary as a foundation [English, psychology, biology chemistry, anatomy and physiology , etc].it gives you the bare minimum knowledge required...
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...history of nursing can be traced back to the early first and second centuries, or even earlier, the study of nursing research and theories is a 20th and 21st century phenomena. The act of nursing is rooted in the Greco-Roman tradition of humanista, which core values are respect for the dignity of person, and the right to be free of pain and suffering; and the Judaic – Christian tradition of Caritas, with core values of solidarity with the sick, hungry, homeless, and hopeless (Evers, 2003). Coming from this line of thought it is not surprising that Florence Nightingale as a professed Christian chose to care and advocate for the sick and poor. The study and history of professional nursing science, research, and theories although a late 20th and 21st century phenomena, is said to begin with Florence Nightingale. Her use of mathematical and statistical data to show the relevance of her findings; that environmental factors can, and do influence patient’s rate of recovery was the beginning of nursing research and science as it is known today. One could almost imply that Nightingale knew that outcome measures needed to be “relevant, and address both the constant and variable components in order to determine effectiveness of an outcome” (Blackwood, 2006). Over the past centuries, Nursing as an independent science has emerged as a rich culture of theoretical perspectives and frame-works that have impacted the profession positively. Until the mid-1800s the act of nursing was performed...
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...team of 21st Century Solutions Health Care Hospital. 21st Century Hospital is part of the World One Health System which includes numerous hospitals and clinics throughout the state. Our leadership team consists of 16 highly educated individuals with varying backgrounds. Each member is well experienced and well respected in each of their particular fields of expertise. I feel privileged to work with so many outstanding individuals. First we have our President of the hospital. This individual is our chief operating officer. He is in charge of all operations here at 21st Century hospital and the six outlying clinics. He oversees about 5,600 coworkers. He has a BS in business and has earned a MBA. Our COO has served as senior vice president of operations and ambulatory services where he managed several different areas including ambulatory care, cardiac care and physicians’ services. Under his skillful leadership, we have constructed several new health complexes, a surgical center and sleep center. He has been able to add more than 100 new physicians. Next we have our Vice President of Medical Affairs. This person services as the Chief Medical Officer/Chief Medical Information Officer. This officer is a seasoned MD and is mainly responsible for the medical staff, quality programs and regulatory compliance. Our Vice President of Surgical Services is responsible for overall management of our surgery program. She has a master’s degree in nursing and many years of nursing experience...
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...created in order to make recommendations for an action-oriented blueprint for the future of nursing. In 2008, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and the Institute of Medicine started a two year initiative that would act in response to the transformation of the nursing profession. The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health, and the committee deemed many challenges that face the system of education in nursing and some of the answers that will be necessary to move forward the system. As part of the IOM report, nurses should succeed in higher educational goals and training that promotes progressional values on academics. In the IOM report, it states that Nurses should receive higher levels of education and training through an improved education system that promotes seamless academic progression. The demand for skilled nurses is on the rise. In a report called the Future of Nursing it states, “In the 21st century, the health challenges facing the nation have changed dramatically. The American population is older—Americans 65 and older will be nearly 20 percent of the population by 2030—as well as more diverse with respect not only to race and ethnicity but also other cultural and socioeconomic factors.” By this analysis, the number of nurses is on the rise; also the way in which nurses were educated in the 20th century is not adequate for the reality of health care in the 21st century. The IOM committee is setting a goal of increasing the percentage of 80% BSN degree...
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...present, and future. Nursing Science Quarterly, 15(2), pg. 107-112. This article explains King’s theory of goal attainment from the 1960’s to the 21st century. In 1964, King’s focus was to organize existing knowledge in nursing and to expand the knowledge base for nursing practice. In the 1970’s, King published a conceptual framework for nursing organized around personal, interpersonal, and social systems. In the 1980’s, King published a more formalized framework. This is also when the theory of goal attainment was introduced. In the 1990’s, King’s purpose for the conceptual system was to identify essential concepts for nursing as a discipline and provided the structure. In the 21st century, the King International Nursing Group (KING) was formed and its primary goal is to increase the knowledge development for nursing based on the conceptual system and the theory of goal attainment. The membership of nurse scholars interested in King’s conceptual system, theory of goal attainment, and related theories from the conceptual system continues to grow. Husband, A. (1988). Application of King's theory of nursing to the care of the adult with diabetes. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 13(4), pg. 484-488. This article is about Imogene King’s nursing theory associated with adults with diabetes. Husband discusses the relevant components of King’s theory. The components consist of system, health, nursing and assumptions. The application of Kings’ theory uses the nursing process, which...
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...Historical Development of Nursing Timeline Coral R Williams NUR/513 September 30, 2013 Willie Goodwin Historical Development of Nursing Timeline The purpose of this document is to explain the historic development of nursing science by 1) citing specific years, theories, theorists, and events in the history of nursing, 2) explaining the relationship between science and the profession, and 3) reviewing the influences on nursing science of other disciplines such as philosophy, religion, education, anthropology, social services, and psychology. History of Nursing In the 18th and 19th century modern nursing began to take shape. The Catholic’s recruited congregation females committed to the care of the sick within religious group. The Lutherans followed and trained women to facilitate care to the unhealthy, and in 1863 the Red Cross Society, founded in Geneva, Switzerland, devoted a program goal of educating nurses to care for the wounded during the war (s). This program was a success and therefore was the beginning of the formal education process for professional nursing. These first program trained nurses were known as civil nurses there responsibility was to provide care to soldiers (Potter, 2009). Florence Nightingale (1820-1910) began her career in nursing after completing an educational program in Kaiserwerth, Germany at the age of 31. During this time war and disease was devastating the British Army. She was called upon by the government and volunteered her services...
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...Historical Development of Nursing Timeline Development of the nursing practice has e started as early as the 1850’s with Florence Nightingale. She was the founder of the first nursing theory. From her foundation over the years nursing has blossomed into a great career and practice to where nurses and patients both benefit from the advances in theories and practice. Theory is an essential part of the past, present and future of nursing. Timeline: (1860) Florence Nightingale: - Florence Nightingale was the founder of nursing theory (George, 2011). She described nursing as both an art and a science. She recommended adjusting the environment to improve the person’s health. She believed that nursing was a calling and that it is different from medicine and the goal for nursing was to place the patient in the best possible condition for nature to act. She was able to construct this theory through her experiences in the Crimean war. Theory development began with Nightingale and was revived in the 1950s. Her foundational work is what nursing theorists expanded upon that started in the 1950’s until the present time. (1952) Hildegard Paplau: Interpersonal Relations Theory -Paplau, a psychiatric nurse instructor, described the nurse-client relationship, and stated that nursing is therapeutic interpersonal process (George, 2011). The 1950’s populated theoretical conceptualization of nursing science by Columbia University Teaching College graduates (George, 2011). Paplau...
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...THE FUTURE OF NURSING Future of Nursing Future of Nursing The education that was taught to nurses up and well into the 20th century is no longer valid for dealing with all the health care issues in the 21st century. The American population is growing older and more diverse with cultural, social-economics, race, ethnicity, and religions. There is a larger shift in the nation’s health care needs for the 21st century. Health care issues today have many chronic conditions such as, arthritis, hypertension, diabetes, cardio-vascular diseases, many mental health issues, and increasing obesity levels in the old as well as in the young. The registered nurse with a higher education will be able to function in unpredictable and complex situations. The registered nurse with a baccalaureate is able to demonstrate flexibility and critical thinking. The old, tired way nurses have been educated will be replaced with advanced learning in community-based, multidisciplinary patient care delivery system of the future. Nurses will no longer be in the back seat due to lesser education, but will be seated side-by-side with other heath care disciplines making educated decisions, quality improvements, and have great system thinking skills. The higher educated nurse will have great team leadership skills. Nursing education was primarily taught for health care challenges of the early 20th century. Education for nurses leading into the 20th century was the basics of keeping patients...
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...Historical time period Nursing role in community Major health issues Partnerships used Watson’s theory Past period 1 Colonial period in America: The colonists recognized public health problems quite early in North America. They established temporary boards of health were established in response to epidemic diseases. In the early years of America’s settlement, the female head of the household took care of all household members, in their sickness and childbirth as well as wellness. She was also responsible for growing or gathering healing herbs for use throughout the year. Smallpox, yellow fever, cholera, typhoid, and typhus were major health issues during this time. Tuberculosis and malaria are communicable diseases that stayed endemic during this period. American ideas of social welfare and the care of the sick were strongly influenced by the traditions of British settlers in the New World. Colonial Americans followed the English model of the Elizabethan Poor Law of 1601and established systems of care for the poor, sick, mentally ill, and aged. Early colonial public health efforts included improved sanitation, collection of vital statistics, and control of any communicable diseases introduced through seaports (Lancaster & Stanhope, 2008). A nurse is able to identify other person’s condition of being (Watson, 1985). The theory relates to this period because it was essential for the female head of the household to recognize an illness. In a way, these women were diagnosing...
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...The history of Nursing Science Theresa Nwaoha-Ezekwo NUR/13 October 25, 2012 Pam Monroe Florence Nightingale’s Environmental Theory While the history of nursing can be traced back to the early first and second centuries, or even earlier, the study of nursing research and theories is a 20th and 21st century phenomena. The act of nursing is rooted in the Greco-Roman tradition of humanista, which core values are respect for the dignity of person, and the right to be free of pain and suffering; and the Judaic – Christian tradition of Caritas, with core values of solidarity with the sick, hungry, homeless, and hopeless (Evers, 2003). Coming from this line of thought it is not surprising that Florence Nightingale as a professed Christian chose to care and advocate for the sick and poor. The study and history of professional nursing science, research, and theories although a late 20th and 21st century phenomena, is said to begin with Florence Nightingale. Her use of mathematical and statistical data to show the relevance of her findings; that environmental factors can, and do influence patient’s rate of recovery was the beginning of nursing research and science as it is known today. One could almost imply that Nightingale knew that outcome measures needed to be “relevant, and address both the constant and variable components in order to determine effectiveness of an outcome” (Blackwood, 2006). Over the past centuries, Nursing as an independent science has emerged...
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...Florence Nightingale’s Nursing Theory Olivia Briscoe The University of Alabama Capstone College of Nursing NUR 308: Conceptual Foundations of Nursing Fall, 2014 Florence Nightingale’s Nursing Theory Nursing theory serves to distinguish the nursing profession from other professions by delineating shared assumptions; values; and defining the nature, outcome, and purpose of nursing practice (Rutty, 1998). Nursing theory is a concept that provides a description, explanation, prediction, or prescription for various aspects of nursing care. (Meleis, 2011, as cited in Perry, 2013). Nursing theory is integrated and applied to real life situations as opposed to merely remaining a theory. Perry (2013) explains that miscellaneous information is not collected for arbitrary reasons, but instead to incorporate into saving lives and improving the patient’s treatment plan. The purpose of this paper is to identify Florence Nightingale’s specific contributions to nursing theory, to evaluate the current significance of this theory, and to examine how this theory applies to professional nursing. Dossey (2010a) identifies Nightingale as the first to develop a widely known nursing theory and as the founder of contemporary nursing. Her accomplishments are numerous, including creating at least 1000 training schools located in 20 different countries and having them named in her honor (Dossey, 2010a). Perry (2013) identifies Nightingale’s main goal of nursing to be the manipulation of...
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...The Expanding Role of Nursing in Health Promotion Robert W Lewis Grand Canyon University NRS-429V February 7, 2013 Nursing in the 21st century is being redefined. The population of the United States is increasingly diverse, with many cultural and religious influences on the health of the population. Legislative initiatives like the affordable health care act (AHC) will require a shift from the wellness-illness model to a practice focused on health promotion. When discussing a definition of health promotion published literature over the last 30 years has expanded and refined this role. One definition that is comprehensive is: Health Promotion is the art and science of helping people discover the synergies between their core passions and optimal health, enhancing their motivation to strive for optimal health, and supporting them in changing their lifestyle to move toward a state of optimal health. Optimal health is a dynamic balance of physical, emotional, social, spiritual, and intellectual health. Lifestyle change can be facilitated through a combination of learning experiences that enhance awareness, increase motivation, and build skills and, most important, through the creation of opportunities that open access to environments that make positive health practices the easiest choice. (O'Donnell, 2009) O’Donnell’s definition is broad and encompasses all of the areas of health promotion as it would be related to nursing practice. Health promotion might be viewed more...
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