...Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Jackie Clanton PSY/450 January 26, 2013 Dr. Angela Ramirez Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Obsessive compulsive disorder is one of many anxiety disorders and is defined as a mental disorder in which an individual experiences obsessions or compulsions, either singly or together according to the Merriam Webster online dictionary. Obsessive compulsive can start in childhood or young adulthood the disorder is equally common among men and women in adulthood (Parmet, Lynm & Golub, 2011). Obsessions are unwanted, recurrent thoughts, impulses, or images that are experienced as intrusive and inappropriate (Parmet, Lynm & Golub, 2011). Compulsions are defined as repetitive behaviors or "rituals" that the person feels driven to perform in a particular way (Parmet, Lynm & Golub, 2011). There are several different ways to treat obsessive compulsive disorder but there is no known cure. Human development relies on socialization with other humans obsessive compulsive disorder can hinder social interaction thus hindering a person’s normal development. Obsessions and Compulsions Obsessive compulsive disorder occurs more frequently in adolescents and adults than in children, but when it is found in children it is more common in boys than in girls (Parmet, Lynm & Golub, 2011). A person with obsessive compulsive disorder may have obsessions compulsions or both obsessions and compulsions. There are several characteristics of obsessions...
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...Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), defined by the American Psychiatric Association in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is a mental disorder with “essential features of recurrent obsessions of compulsions that are severe enough to be time consuming or cause marked distress or significant impairment.” Even though this disorder has been mentioned since the seventeenth century many aspects of its origin are still unknown. Affecting around one percent of the United States population, OCD is shown to be equally common between males and females. Yet, the age of onset is generally earlier in males. Health professionals are still trying to figure out what factors are responsible but commonly look for three things when...
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...Treatment Lisa Harris BEH/225 November 12, 2011 Ainsley Hendricks Diagnosis and Treatment Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder or OCD as it is commonly known is a form of anxiety disorder and can also be a debilitating disorder, often times it interrupts the individuals day to day life. Obsessions are uncontrolled feelings and notions that keep repeating despite the individual suffering from them vast attempt to stop them. Compulsions are repetitive, ritualistic behaviors that an individual feels the need to perform. Obsessive thoughts can be scary and horrific nature. Any one individual can experience an obsessive thought every now and then, for example if someone asks another person “who was the guy who played in that movie we saw last night”, well they cannot remember so they will obsess over it and try to figure out who it was. This obsession is different from the anxious obsessive thoughts that an Obsessive Compulsive Disorder sufferer is going through. For the individual suffering from Obsessive Compulsive Disorder he or she for example may feel that he has to go through the whole house and check to make sure every door and window is locked even though that he or she knows that they are locked but they are so overwhelmed with the obsessive thought that he or she cannot stop. If someone where try to stop a person from performing the Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ritual or as some people may think of it as irrational behavior the person could begin experience severe...
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...Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is described as having unwanted, intrusive thoughts, images, and or urges that cause extreme anxiety and interferes with day to day life. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder is a mental illness that is comprised of two components: obsessions and compulsions. Some individuals experience either obsessiveness or compulsions, however, most people experience both. Obsessions are involuntary, repetitive, unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that don’t stop or go away. These thoughts are not the thoughts that an individual would normally focus on and can often cause anxiety that can be extreme. Compulsions are the steps, behaviors, or rituals that an individual may take in order to try and reduce or ease the anxiety...
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...Psychological Disorder Paper Erica Vazquez PSY 450 University of Phoenix Abstract This paper will examine the psychological disorder Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and the relationship it has between human development and socialization as well as how human development and socialization affect people with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder. Psychological Disorder Paper The U.S. National Library of Medicine describes Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) as, “ an anxiety disorder in which people have unwanted and repeated thoughts, feelings, ideas, sensations (obsessions), or behaviors that make them feel driven to do something (compulsions).” Essentially, the obsessions are the spontaneous and tedious contemplations, while the compulsions are the actions that result from the disorder. Even though OCD is exhibited as recurrent and persistent thoughts and impulses, would it be just to consider every type of compulsive behavior or obsessive thought as OCD? (Shiraev &Levy, 2010) According to Shiraev & Levy, “ Specific repetitive behavior – praying, for example –– should be judged in accordance with the norms of the individual’s culture and should clearly interfere with social role functioning to be diagnosed as OCD (DSM-IV, P. 420) “ (2010, p. 231). With this in mind a more concrete explanation of the relationship between OCD and human development and socialization. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder According to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) OCD affects...
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...A Summary of the Journal Article: Seasonal Obsessive‑Compulsive Disorder = A Summary of the Journal Article: Seasonal Obsessive‑Compulsive Disorder Obsessive‑Compulsive Disorder is excessive thought (obsessions) that lead to repetitive behaviors. Seasonal Obsessive‑Compulsive Disorder, which is very rare, is when the symptoms occur during a certain time of the year; such as autumn or spring. This rare ten year (2004-2014) case study is about a patient whose Obsessive‑Compulsive Disorder had its onset during winter and remitted the following summer. This 41yearold housewife, educated up to sixth standard, hailing from middle socioeconomic status, with nil contributory family history, and suffering from hypertension and myopia in left eye (+0.75) and hypermetropia in right eye (−0.75), reported to outpatient clinic with history of 10years duration characterized by unpleasant, frequent, and distressing worries related to dirt and contamination (Sinha, P., Bakhla, A. K., Patnaik, A. K., & Chaudhury, S., 2014). These triggered the occurrence of long, nonfunctional repetitive behaviors such as cleaning and repeating the same words over and over. It was also stated both by husband and the patient that these symptoms have a seasonal pattern developing in October and completing the cycle in April-May. This pattern was so wellrecognized that she wasn’t given any treatment for the first three to four years as they considered it an result of the change of the seasons and that symptoms...
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...Kevin Johnson Field Paper 1 Psychology 100 Obsessive Compulsive disorder is a psychological illness that causes an individual to be either obsessive, compulsive, or both. In this illness obsessiveness could mean a recurring image, thought, or impulse a person is having that can create anxiety, or cause the person to be uncomfortable. The compulsive aspect could be interpreted to mean the need or the compulsion to repeat a certain behavior or action. Though there are occurrences where one or the other are presented typically the two aspects, compulsion and obsessiveness, are intertwined. For example a person could have the obsessive need to knock on a door a certain amount of times, or have the compulsion to wash their hands every twenty minutes. The symptoms of this disorder range with the severity. There are cases where Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (or OCD) that do not harm an individual or cause any difficulties in everyday life. There are other cases in which a person would need considerable amounts of treatment in order to function and complete everyday activities with minimal difficulties. OCD symptoms can be split into two different categories: Obsessions and Compulsions. The Obsession symptoms are the symptoms that deal with the mind. These are the images or urges that a person can have that can cause anxiety, distress, or discomfort. The obsession symptoms of OCD are usually repeated and can be unwanted. The symptoms of obsessions tend to have a common theme...
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...Obsessive Compulsive Disorder I. Introduction a. Attention Getter: According to the National Institute of Mental Health, over “2.2 million American adults” suffer from Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in a given year. In a world of 6 billion people, 2.2 million doesn’t seem like much, but to put it into perspective, 2.2 million is about the population of Houston, Texas. b. Motivation: This disorder is a part of everyday life and affects all Americans, regardless of race or class. Just like thousands of other medical problems that affect us today, it’s important for the public to be informed about the disorder in order to better understand those that suffer from it. c. Credibility: Though I do not personally suffer from OCD, I have met people who do. I do, however, believe that everyone has something in his/her life that requires repetition until perfection. For instance, when I draw or create artwork, it has to be perfect down to the last pencil, pen, crayon, paint, or charcoal mark. If even one thing is out of place, it will bother me and I will constantly dwell on it until it is fixed. This is not truly a form of OCD, but it does give me a taste of what those who suffer from OCD go through on a smaller basis. d. Thesis: In my speech I will talk about the various symptoms and signs that can be used to identify OCD, the causes and risk factors behind this disorder, and the various treatments that are used to manage OCD. [Transition] First off, I’d...
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...Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a disorder that can be more debilitating than one would think. It has been found that the cause of OCD is either due to brain abnormalities or a chemical imbalance. There are various types of treatments out there to treat OCD. There are two possible treatments for OCD: psychotherapy and medication. Cognitive behavioral psychotherapy (CBT) is one of the possible treatments of OCD. This type of treatment helps patients internalize a strategy to resist OCD for the rest of their life. It has been found that serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) are very effective in treating OCD. What this medication does is increase the concentration of serotonin in the brain. One of the common SRIs used to treat OCD in the United...
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...Running head: OCD Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Sabrina Smith West GA Technical College Abstract Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a disorder of the brain and behavior. OCD causes severe anxiety for people who suffer from this disorder. OCD involves both obsessions and compulsions that take a lot of time and get in the way of significant activities. Obsessions are defined as repeated thoughts, images or impulses that are interfering and annoying. Compulsions are time-consuming and troubling repetitive rituals. There are more than 200,000 cases in America per year. There is no cure for OCD; however, there are different types of treatments that may help the chronic behaviors associated with this disorder. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder can last for many years and even an entire life span with some people. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a heterogeneous condition characterized by a wide range of symptoms that can be distilled down to a smaller number of unique symptom dimensions (Cordeiro, Sharma, Thennarasu, & Reddy 2015). People with obsessive-compulsive disorder ten to be classified into one of the four major symptom dimensions: symmetry, forbidden thoughts, cleaning, and hoarding. A person’s personality trait significantly contributes to how severe someone’s obsessive compulsive disorder will become (Alonso, 2008). Symmetry – related to obsessive compulsive disorder – is just another way to classify someone as a...
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...Case Study: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder – The Case of Bess Your Name PSY/410 Date Professor Obsessive Compulsive Disorders: The Case of Bess Obsessive compulsive disorder commonly (OCD) can be defined as an anxiety disorder differentiated by acts of compulsiveness or continual thoughts of obsession. Persistent thoughts, images, and desires are characteristics of obsessions. These thoughts, images, and desires are not typically willed into one’s mind as they are often senseless, illogical, aggressive, taboo, etc. Compulsive acts are unrealistic and repetitive behaviors. The fear of contamination with germs, dirt, or grease is the most common obsession, which leads to thoroughgoing or compulsive cleansing rituals. Religion, sex, neatness, and hostility are other premises of obsessions. Other variations of compulsions consist of ritualistic counting and checking a specific amount of times. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of OCD in the case of Bess. Additionally, I will explain the biological, psychodynamic, cognitive, and behavioral theories as they apply to the disorder analyzed in my selected case. Overview of Case Bess is a 27-year-old upper-middle class woman who is an accountant and perfectionist, which is normal within her field. At age 10 her parents divorced and Bess was raised by her mother. Although Bess and her mother spent a great deal of time together and her mother frequently expressed her love for Bess, they would often fight. Most...
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...Hoarding Disorder VS. OCD Jasmine Riddle Professor Shawn Lee Module2 Obsessive Compulsive Disorder April 16, 2016 Some disorders, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are characterized by classic obsessions. Obsessions are repetitive, unwanted, and intrusive thoughts that trigger anxiety. In other disorders, such as BDD and hoarding disorder, the intrusive thoughts could be more aptly described as a persistent and unrelenting preoccupation. In the case of BDD, this preoccupation focuses on personal appearance and attractiveness. In the case of hoarding disorder, the preoccupation centers around possessions. The causes of Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders remain speculative. OCD may even be a heterogeneous set of disorders with different triggers and etiology (Thorpe, Bennett, Fried, & Nottingham, 2011). OCD is characterized by a reduced ability of security-related behavior to terminate motivation evoked by potential danger, rather than a heightened initial sensitivity to potential threat. They lend support to the security-motivation theory of OCD (Szechtman & Woody, 2012) and have important implications both for research into the biological mechanisms underlying OCD and for the development of new treatment approaches. The intrusive thoughts of people with hoarding disorder are associated with their preoccupation regarding their possessions; specifically, parting with, or losing these possessions. Unlike spontaneous OCD obsessions, intrusive...
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...Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, better known as OCD, is a lifelong mental anxiety that is associated with your brain. This disorder causes people to use their fears as repeated and uncontrollable compulsions. It also forces unwanted thoughts into their brains and causes anxiety. Their brains force them to think about mental fears and act upon them, resulting in repetitive behavior, which are called compulsions. The most common compulsions are cleaning, organizing, hoarding, counting, touching, and tapping. The National Institute of Mental Health states, “People with OCD typically try to make their obsessions go away by performing compulsions.” Some signs of obsessive compulsive disorder is a fear of germs, being overly tidy, compulsive counting, organizing things, fear of hurting loved ones, and many more. A lot of people with this disorder perform these repetitive behaviors and still do not feel satisfied when they are done. Performing compulsions repetitively may cause someone with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder to have suicidal thoughts and many more problems. A lot of times, when people are experiencing these continuous thoughts of germs, the need to organize, or whatever it may be, they find them discomforting and do not want those thoughts to be...
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...Obsessive Compulsive Disorder What is OCD? OCD is an anxiety disorder where sufferers experience persistent and intrusive thoughts occurring as obsessions, compulsions or a combination of the two. Obsessions are things that people think about and can comprise of inappropriate ideas and visual images that aren’t based on reality, such as being convinced that there are germs everywhere. Compulsions are what people do as a result of those obsessions; they are an attempt to reduce distress or prevent feared events, though there is little chance of them doing so. Symptoms of OCD. Obsessive symptoms. Common obsessions include: * Contamination, eg by germs. * Fear of losing control, eg through impulses to hurt someone. * Perfectionism, eg fear of not being the best. * Religion, eg fear of being immoral. Common obsessions include: * Contamination, eg by germs. * Fear of losing control, eg through impulses to hurt someone. * Perfectionism, eg fear of not being the best. * Religion, eg fear of being immoral. Behavioural. * Hinders everyday functioning – having obsessive ideas of an inappropriate type creates such anxiety that the ability to perform everyday tasks is severely hindered, for example, being able to work effectively. * Social impairment – anxiety levels generated are so high as to limit the ability to conduct meaningful interpersonal relationships. Emotional. * Extreme anxiety – persistent inappropriate or forbidden ideas...
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...Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a type of anxiety disorder in which you have awkward thoughts and fears (obsessions) that lead you to repetitive behaviors (compulsions). An example of an obsessive-compulsive disorder would be a fear of getting contaminated by germs. To ease your obsessive fear, you may compulsively wash your hands until they're sore. Despite your efforts, the distressing thoughts of obsessive-compulsive disorder keep coming back. (Greenberg) Obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms include both obsessions and compulsions. OCD obsessions are repeated ideas, thoughts, images or impulses that occur spontaneously and seem to make no sense. These obsessions tend to occur when you're trying to think of or do other things....
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