...The three diverse pieces of literature that I understand are The Illiad written by Homer, The Odyssey written by Homer, and Oedipus Rex written by Sophocles. How they are relevant to today is; The Illiad makes it relevant to today by in life love can make you do some strange things, The Odyssey make it relevant to today by in life no matter what you go through an how long you go through it if you have a goal in life and all those objects and hurdles come around in life don’t let that stop you from getting to your goal that you want to achieve for yourself, and Oedipus Rex makes it relevant to today by in life your fears my come a reality that you can’t shy away from it cause it can make you or break you. In the story of The illiad Paris, a son of the king of Troy, kidnaps Helen, who becomes the legendary "Helen of Troy" and "the woman with the face that launched a thousand ships." He takes her because he fell in love with her and because of that he cause a war for the empire of troy and cause the destruction of try as well. That goes to show that love can and will make you do the most a strangest things and also will make you not think or consider the outcome of bad decisions that you make. In the story of the Odyssey, Odysseus has been gone from Ithaca for about 20 years — the first 10 spent fighting the Trojan War, the last 10 trying to get home. Odysseus is a king who fought in the Trojan War; but before he left he promised his wife that if he don’t return before...
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...that’s during the fifth century. (Bantwal, 2008) Greek Education For Greek children, their education mostly consisted of poetry and song. (Hadas, 1950) Education was more popular among young boys but it was not uncommon for girls. The wealthier children remained in school for ten years. Grammatistes, paidotribes and kitharistes were the teachers who taught the children. Grammatistes taught literature, arithmetic, reading and writing. Paidotribes coached boxing, wrestling, and gymnastics. Kitharistes taught music. At age eighteen, boys would train for the military for two years before further education. (Discovery Channel, n.d) The Illiad and the Odyssey Homer wrote the two most classic poems titled the Illiad and the Odyssey. The Illiad is based on the last six weeks of the Trojan War. The main character of the Illiad is Achilles. Achilles and Agamemnon get in a heated argument and Achilles retracts from the war. The Greeks are losing the battle and Achilles does not rejoin the battle until he hears that his friend Patroclus has been killed. Achilles comes up with a plan to build a hollow wooden horse, known as the Trojan horse, as a gift to the Persians. The Greek men entered the horse and waited for instruction. The Persians pushed the horse into their territory behind guarded walls. Once night fell the Greek men jumped...
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...The classic tragedy, as defined by Aristotle, has six major parts. These parts include a plot, characters, theme, melody, spectacle, and language. All stories, according to Aristotle must have a beginning, middle, and end, and must follow a logical sequence according to these six elements. The plot is the series of events, or sequence in which the action of the play occurs. Plot must follow a cause and effect relationship, which follows a logical pattern. Characters are the people in the play, who have certain qualities that can be determined by what they say, do and what others say about them. The theme of the play is the general feeling or statement made by the author that presents an observation or thought to the audience. Melody is the musical quality of the play, which includes a change of pitch by the voice, musical instruments , and also includes the high and low points of the play giving it an overall melodic quality. Spectacle includes the visual elements of the play, anything that is observed by sight. Often in modern movies and plays spectacle can be overdone, especially if a reason for the spectacle cannot be found. Language is the dialog or speech that makes up the story, and is used by characters to present the play to the audience. Aristotle lays out a very specific definition of what a tragedy should include, and how each element should be presented. He tells us that the tragedy must include these six elements and that they must be laid out in a logical manner...
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...Iliad, and The Odyssey often questions Heracles’ greatness because there are heroic stories as well as disturbing stories of Heracles. From birth, Heracles had to exhibit his courageousness and strength, while overcoming struggles and obstacles that would potentially hinder his success. He is expected to hold divine status among humans and gods. However, Hera who is not accepting of Zeus’ adultery, plots against the success of Heracles. She conspires Heracles to serve Eurystheus, almost acting entirely as a slave (Illiad 19.96-132). It is unusual to have a hero placed in an inferior position than other respected beings. Heracles receives his eventual hero role described in Hesiod’s Theogony. His acts of bravery and ability to overcome adversity while performing labours is rewarded. Heracles fearlessly battles monsters such as Nemean Lion, saving many men in the process (Th 328-31). Heracles also showed support for humanity when he freed Prometheus from Zeus’ punishment (Th 528-31). At the time Zeus did not think much of humanity, so Heracles’ backing was important. Although it does seem as if Eurystheus was the reason for many of the reckless acts Heracles conducted, it is said in the Homeric Hymn that Heracles also committed reckless acts on his own irrational judgement (HH 15). Although Heracles distinguished his arête (virtue or excellence) by being a hero, many sinister acts tarnished his reputation. The ruthless murder of Iphitus described in The Odyssey reveals that...
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...Joshua Wyatt 5256417 Clas1P97 February 14th 2013 The Heroes Death Patroclus is introduced to the Iliad as no more then a friend of Achilles but dies as one of the great Achaean heroes of the Trojan war. Like many Greek Heroes it is because he dies that he achieves his heroism in the eyes of the ancient Greeks. His death leads to him being immortalized within the pages of the Iliad along side the likes of Achilles, Hector and Ajax. Patroclus death comes in the 16th book of the Illiad and with his final moments being an exchange of words between him and his killer Hector of Troy (Iliad,16.870-897). The exchange between Hector and Patroclus is one where heroes mock each other explaining why the other one is the fool. Before death takes Patroclus from the world he is given a gift, he is able to see into the future and gaze at the death of Hector. This is a privilege not granted to many heroes even Hector the greatest of all the Trojans is not granted this when Achilles forces him to Hades. Patroclus achieved what all heroes want a glorious death. Death on the battlefield is what a great shoulder need in order to instill his name into history. Even Achilles the greatest of the Greeks was told that he would be forgotten if he did not fight and die in the Trojan war. Through his death Patrolclus was able to achieve his heroism, as he went into battle knowing that he could die, wearing Achilles armour and was even fool people into thinking that he was Achilles. In the end a great...
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...GREEK MYTHOLOGY Background to Homer’s Odyssey As you read each story, ask yourself: What is most enjoyable, predictable, or bizarre about this story? How would I have responded in this situation? What mysteries or features of the world might this story try to explain? What bit of moral or religious instructions (i.e. don’t disobey the gods) might be contained in this story? How does this story compare with Christian beliefs, or with the values of our culture today? Are there any other stories or fables I’ve heard that follow the same pattern as this story? The Creation Myths Part 1 Before there was anything, there was Chaos, a formless void. This void, this pure nothingness, gave birth to Gaea (the Earth itself), Tartarus (the underworld), Eros (love), Erebus (underground darkness) and Nyx (the darkness of night). The two kinds of darkness joined together and gave birth two kinds of light: the Light of the heavens and the Light of day. Nyx (night) also gave birth to the three Fates, who control the course of the universe and determine the length of each person’s life on their wheel of fortune. Of the fates, Clotho spins the threads of each person’s life, Lachesis measures the length of the thread, and Atropos cuts the thread. The Fates – Francisco Goya (one of the best painters ever!) 1823 – Note the scissors in the hand of Atropos and Lachesis measuring with a magnifying glass. Who’s...
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...that take place in the story to the Lord, which clues us in to the author’s knowledge of God’s actions in human beings’ daily lives in reality. Second, the author shows a Christian respect of the Lord through capitalization and descriptive adjectives. In Beowulf, the author describes the Lord in respectful ways, in a way that Christians do, such as “Almighty Father” (line 316), “Divine Lord” (line 685), “the Lord, the Ruler of Heaven” (lines 1554, 1555), “the mighty judgement of God in majesty” (line 978). These descriptions are indicative of a respect and love of the Lord. Third, the author speaks about the Lord in a way that is only used to describe the true Lord of the Bible. In other ancient manuscripts, such as the Illiad and the Odyssey, the pagan gods written about are only referred to as “god”, “gods” or by the god’s name. However, in Beowulf, the author refers to God as “the Creator” (line 106), “the Almighty Father” (line 927), and many other terms referring to God’s divine majesty. Perhaps the biggest clue in the text as to what god the author believes in is found in lines 106-115. In this section, our author summarizes the story of Cain and Abel found in Genesis 4, including the Lord’s activity in the tale. This indicates that our author only believes in the Lord of the Bible. In conclusion, the author of Beowulf believed in the One True God of the Bible. The classic, epic poem Beowulf is filled with indications everywhere of the faith of the author in...
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...Completing the Short Story Plan will help you to create a memorable story. For complete credit, use specific detail as you create your responses. Remember to include an A.P.A. formatted title page. Short Story Plan 1. What genre is your short story? 2. Setting: a. Where, specifically, does your story take place? b. List a minimum of ten sensory details that make this setting unique. Refer to at least three senses. c. Name the date an exact time that your story begins. d. Describe the weather conditions at the beginning of your story. 3. Protagonist: e. Name: f. Age when the story begins: g. Physical description: h. Create a metaphor or simile that describes the protagonist: i. What is the main thing the protagonist wants at the beginning of the story? j. What in his/her background motivates him/her to fulfill this “want”? k. What does the protagonist think will happen if his “want” is not fulfilled? l. What does the protagonist fear? m. What are the protagonist’s physical strengths? n. What are the protagonist’s physical weaknesses? o. What are the protagonist’s mental and social strengths? p. What are the protagonist’s mental and social weaknesses? q. Make an “X” indicating where the protagonist stands on the following cultural markers continuums: Individualist 10...…9……8……7……6……5……4……3……2......1 Collectivist Uncertainty Avoidance ...
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...Running Head: FOUNDATIONS OF MYTHOLOGY Foundations of Mythology Short Answers Keith Stevens University of Phoenix Foundations of Mythology How is the word myth used popularly? For example, what does the statement, “It’s a myth” mean? In contrast, how is the word myth used in the academic context? After considering the definition in your textbooks and course materials, write a definition in your own words. According to Leonard (2004), "Official myths like the Illiad and Odyssey, The Theogony- or the Bhagavad Gita or the Bible- are inevitably reconstructions from snatches of folklore and legend, artistically put together with an eye for drama and meaning. But real myths are, like one's own dreams, so fresh they are not yet recognized as myth or scripture and are fragmentary, imagistic rather than verbal, emergent, capable of forming many different stories at one" Dictionary.com defines myth as a traditional or legendary story. Myth is used in an academic context to address what is real and what is not real. Myth is used throughout society through stories and legends. These stories become part of our everyday lives through watching science fiction movies, reading science fiction books, and other books with mystical characters. Some legendary and traditional stories are St. Nick, Santa Claus, a stork, the Easter bunny, and the tooth fairy. Myths such as these are created for young children. The stork is easier to use to explain to a young child where babies come...
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...ancient myths in their true, religious meaning. Myths were used to paint symbols, allegories and allusions to contemporary issues, mainly religious. Mythical beings and heroes were fitted – in a sense, into a medieval Catholic frame (Von Hendy, 2). Homer’s Iliad is probably the most frequently read of all the Greek myths. It tells the story of Troy, and its fall to Greek armies led by king Agamemnon. The war began when Paris, a young Trojan prince took Helen, the wife of Menelaus and ran with her. This led to a great war, which resulted in the destruction of Troy. This epic work has been a source of endless inspiration for artists throughout the ages. Since the beginning of Renaissance, and the rebirth of classical spirit in Europe, Illiad and the Odyssey became an endless source of inspiration. Countless writers, poets, painters and composers incorporated elements of Homer’s work into theirs, but the meaning was always different. English writers like Marlowe often used mythological characters in their work. However, their use was not intended to reminiscent of Greek myths, but rather used as an allegory that portrayed a...
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...interactions the word myth is uses to address or categorize what is really and what is not real. Throughout society myths are used in stories and legends told. Overtime these stories become part of everyday life. This embedment into everyday lives happens through watching science fiction movies, reading fiction books, and other types of literature whether verbal, text, or movies that are about mystical characters. Some more popular legendary and traditional stories told throughout time include that of St. Nicholas, Santa Claus, the Easter bunny, the tooth fairy, and even the stork. These type of myths were created for young children but there are some that are geared towards adults. According to Leonard (2004), "Official myths like the Illiad and Odyssey, The Theogony- or the Bhagavad Gita or the Bible- are inevitably reconstructions from snatches of folklore and legend, artistically put together with an eye for drama and meaning. But real myths are, like one's own dreams, so fresh they are not yet recognized as myth or scripture and are fragmentary, imagistic rather than verbal, emergent, capable of forming many different stories at one.”...
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...In ancient times, the epithet was a commonly used byname in both the oral and written traditions. The epithet was a descriptive name, not unlike a modern nickname, and was used extensively in epic poetry. The most famous use of the epithet was those used in the Homeric epics the Iliad and the Odyssey. The use of epithets was used as well in a much earlier Mesopotamian poem known as the Epic of Gilgamesh. In the Homeric Poems and the Poem of Gilgamesh the two stories share stock epithets and epic similes. The paper will first discuss epithets in the Homeric poems, then discuss the epithets in the Epic of Gilgamesh in comparison. Homeric Epithets Places The epithet, as previously mentioned, was essentially a byname. It saw its full use in the Homeric Epic which is why this paper chooses to discuss the Homeric poems first. While it was defiantly used to describe individuals such as Gods and certain characters, it was also used to describe certain places as well. Homeric scholar Bowra discussed this in her analysis: “Homeric...
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...philosophers. I chose the concepts; Arete, Sophia, Eros, Eudaimonia, and Eunomia. I chose these concepts because they are all concepts that show that people were not only trying to be good people, but the best people they could be. They put these concepts into the form of gods and gate keepers of heaven so people would strive to do right. The continuous literature and artwork put into these concepts is something you no longer see, and that is something I see wrong in the world today. The world today seems to be a very selfish and arrogant place. And I believe the return of these concepts would make life better for all. My first concept arête is seen in many different areas, such as; Achilles in the Illiad because he is the best warrior that man could be. Or, Penelope in the odyssey because she is the best wife that woman could be. The Parthenon is a prime example that Arete isn’t just held to people but also well strongly constructed building, a strong animal, or beautiful pottery. Arete means virtue or excellence of any kind. It meant living up to ones full potential. In Plato’s “Allegory Of The Cave”, the perfect form of something was its arête, what everything, and everyone is trying to get to. As Plato says,” arête is something you are always trying to achieve, but unattainable, it’s a goal.” The fact that this concept is seen as unattainable seems to be meant to be inspiring. Inspire people to always strive to better and there always room to be better. Human were made imperfect...
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...types. I chose to compare the Romanticism Period and the Neoclassicism Period. The term Neoclassicism refers to the classical revival in European art, architecture, and interior design that lasted from the mid-eighteenth to the early nineteenth century. This period gave rebirth to the art of ancient Rome and Greece and the Renaissance as an opposition to the ostentatious Baroque and Rococo art that preceded the movement. Neoclassicism emphasized courage, sacrifice, nationalism and tradition. Neoclassical artists incorporated classical styles and subjects, including columns, pediments, friezes, and other ornamental schemes into their work. They were inspired by the works of Homer and Plutarch and John Flaxmann’s illustrations for the Illiad and Odyssey. Also, the discovery of ancient artifacts at the ruins of Herculaneum and Pompeii also contributed as a big inspiration to neoclassicism. Neoclassical painters took extra care to depict the costumes, settings, and details of classical subject matter with as much accuracy as possible. Much of the subject matter originated from classical history and mythology. The movement emphasized line quality over...
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...The Illiad Book 1 People to Remember: * Chryses – Priest to Apollo * Chryseis – Chryses Daughter * Agamemnon – Leader of Greek Forces * Apollo (Sminthesus) – God of Mice * Achilles – Warrior of Greeks * Chalcas – Camp Prophet * Briseis – Daughter of Achilles * Athena – Wife of Achilles, Goddess of Warriors * Nestor – From City of Pylos * Thetis – Achilles’ Mother, Sea God, Sea Nymph * Zeus * Hera – Wife of Zeus * Hephaestus – Son of Hera and Zeus, Sun God * Aphrodite – Sex Goddess of flower, candy * Aeneas – Hero of Troy * Ares – War God Summary: 1. The story is the Anger of Achilles and how it brings consequences to the Greeks. 2. Agamemnon abducts Chryseis. Chryses prays to Apollo. Apollo sends plague to Greeks. Achilles calls a meeting. 3. Chalcas tells everyone what is going on so everyone tells Agamemnon to give back Chryseis but he says okay if I do I get to choose whomever I want and he chooses Briseis. 4. Achilles is angered and tries to fight Agamemnon but his wife stops him from killing him because she knows he will regret it. 5. Nestor tells everyone to calm down. Thetis goes to Zeus for help. Zeus tries to sneak behind his wife but gets caught and Hephaestus says no fighting. Says what the Illiad is about. Not about Trojan War, talks about an event that happens in the 9th year of the war. The anger of Achilles. Death because of anger. Achilles vs. Agamemnon...
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