...through speaking to one another about various topics. If a handful of people have a common interest in a certain toy such as Hot Wheels, they will talk about it amongst each other. Most friendships are often formed through individuals having similar interests. When you talk about it with people who share that interest, it indicates to them that you have a good knowledge of the particular interest. It also allows them to talk about it in more detail without anyone getting lost in the conversation. The formations of friendships often occur when there are others out there who share similar interests to you. Speaking is also essential when we go on dates with people whom we take a liking to. In social settings, it is often common to use phatic communication to establish social rapport. That is, exchanging pleasantries by using clichés such as “Hello. How are you?”...
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...Mamet characterises John in the opening speech of Mamet as someone who is potentially overbearing particularly towards women in this opening speech. We get this impression immediately from the first few lines when john is talking to Grace on the phone, “And what about the land. (Pause) The land. And what about the land?” Here John is insisting on this particular subject and pushing almost demanding Grace for an answer. This strongly suggests that John is used to getting his way with women and this view is further strengthened later in the play when John says, “Will you call Jerry?”and later on “You tell Jerry to meet” although “will you call Jerry?” is a question it’s clear John only expects one answer and the second quotation is John telling Grace what to do as if he’s getting frustrated with Grace. Building on this if you put the phone call in context to where John is we again get this view of John that suggests he is a boss figure to these women, a superior socially and at work. This stems from the fact that during the phone call Carol is seated across the desk from John clearly waiting to discuss something with John perhaps to do with her work or his. Judging from the desk prop in the play we can deduce that this scene is taking place in an office of some sort yet John seems perfectly happy to have a long and clearly personal conversation in front of Carol without considering how rude and inappropriate it may seem to Carol and the audience. The audience here will feel Carols...
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...Squire, 2011). Nowadays, digital game-based learning, focusing on an emphasis of interaction and learning, is more common than only edutainment games (Games & Squire, 2011). Computer games have been used in language classrooms throughout in this century because they have been seen as a way both to engage learners and teach them aspects such as vocabulary (Stanley & Mawer, 2008). Computer games in the language classroom are an extension of classroom games which are well supported as a way to develop the four language skills of speaking, listening, reading and writing (Sigurðardóttir, 2010). Games are fun and active, as well as socially and emotionally engaging, helping to increase the willingness of learners to become involved with the material (Sigurðardóttir, 2010). They also give learners an encouragement to develop and improve learners’ skills and broaden the situations they can be exposed to in the classroom (Sigurðardóttir, 2010). This helps students develop skill in dealing with different and new situations. There have been a number of studies that have mentioned the use of computer games in the language classroom. The first study examined the use of authentic simulation games, which are a way to introduce students to different environments and situations (Miller & Hegelheimer, 2006). This study used a modified version of the popular game “The SIMS” in an adult learners’ classroom with a five-week period of teaching and supplementary materials. The authors showed that the...
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...Personal Growth Opportunities in Communications in the Health Care Setting HCS/350 February 8, 2015 Personal Growth Opportunities in Communications in the Health Care Setting In the health care setting many opportunities for growth in our communication skills will be established. This assignment will discuss personal growth in communication written, oral and nonverbal communication skills and that are vital tools for professional advancement. In the health care setting proper communication written skills are essential. The majority of written work is within a legal document, all the rules of grammar need to apply. Ways in which one can achieve personal growth, with written skills, is to ask a co-worker to proofread your notes and use available computer resources to check for spelling and grammar. Secondly, by improving one’s own written communication skills, it can benefit the patient’s care and allow nurses to be better health care providers. As a new nurse, we try to narrate our nursing assessments to ensure that we paint a picture of the patient’s presentation, for the reader. However, we attempt to do this by using as few sentences as possible because we don’t want the patient’s assessment to be paragraphs long. A study performed by Jefferies and Nicholls (2012) concluded, “Clinical handover produced a comprehensive picture of the patient's condition and care whereas nursing documentation tended to present a series...
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...Oral communication is the process of expressing information or ideas by word of mouth. Learn more about the types and benefits of oral communication, and find out how you can improve your own oral communication abilities. Definition: Great communication skills are your ticket to success in the academic and business world. But have you ever been overcome by fear or anxiety prior to going on a job interview or speaking in front of an audience? Knowing when to choose oral communication and polishing your speaking skills can help you at every stage of your career. Oral communication is the process of verbally transmitting information and ideas from one individual or group to another. Oral communication can be either Formal or Informal. Examples of informal oral communication include: • Face-to-face conversations • Telephone conversations • Discussions that take place at business meetings More formal types of oral communication include: • Presentations at business meetings • Classroom lectures • Commencement speech given at a graduation ceremony With advances in technology, new forms of oral communication continue to develop. Video Phones and Video Conferences combine audio and video so that workers in distant locations can both see and speak with each other. Other modern forms of oral communication include Podcasts (audio clips that you can access on the Internet) and Voiceover Internet Protocol (VoIP), which allows callers to communicate over the Internet and...
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...SUBJECT: Improving the Oral Content of this Course At your request, I have examined measures to improve the oral content—presentations and speeches— provided by the professor for our BA 324 course. A core mission in this course, as stated in the syllabus, is to provide undergraduate business students with tools for communicating effectively in “complex environments,” such as the business world. And while students have exercised the writing tools provided in the course to achieve effective communication skills multiple times, the oral content in this course has not been as frequently practiced by the students as needed. To collect data for this report, I researched successful communication techniques taught by different organizations; I also interviewed fellow classmates. This report presents data describing the significance of the problem, two alternatives, and a recommendation based on my various research. Limited Opportunities to Improve Oral Communication Skills Technological tools, like computers, can be used as an effective means of communication by sending an electronic email within seconds to convey a message. However, there’s nothing more powerful in the “hierarchy of communication” than the “face-to-face interaction with someone,” according to Edward Wilczynski (2009). And the only way to master this crucial channel of communication is through practice (Irish, Tiede, & Weiss, 2004). 1. Our class has practiced oral communication twice this semester—in...
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...In 2013, Kelley Holland punctuates on the lack of oral communication skills coming from students and applicants in her published NBC News article, “Why Johnny can’t write, and why employers are mad”. In this article, Holland points out why she thinks colleges and universities are the ones to blame for the students and applicants having inadequate communication skills. She feels as though the colleges and universities should prepare these students with effective communication skills by focusing more on oral communication. As Holland’s states in the article, “Other’s say colleges aren’t doing a good job. In a survey of 318 employers published earlier this year by the Association of American Colleges and universities and conducted by Hart Research Associates, 80 percent said colleges should...
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...Communication is exchange of ideas between people either orally or in writing. In this research, communication is taken in the sense of fluency and accuracy. Former refers to proper use of language without hesitation and later talks about use of grammatically and phonologically correct language. Alwright (1994) considers it ‘learn by doing approach’ in teaching whereteacher and students both are involved. Speaking takes place in the presence of listener because listener responds to the speaker’s communication. As Byrne (1986) defines, “Oral communication is a two way process between the speaker and the listener and involves the productive skills of speaking and the receptive skills of understanding”. It is considered to be helpful in improving learning as Staab (1992) states, “I believe that oral language is important not only as a vital communication tool that empowers us in our daily lives but also as a valuable way to learn” (7). He considers listening and speaking as oral communication skills. As hestates, “oral communication skills mean both speaking and listening to oral language, both talking and listening are lifelong activities and probably our most important communication tool” (p.6). Both are integrated skills and supports in developing each other. As (Brown, 1994), also asserts that the integration of listening and speaking skills is termed as oral communication skills because listening can be developed indirectly by integrating it to speaking. The literature states...
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...Contents What transferable skills should students develop during their time at university? 1 1. Introduction 1 2. Research Objectives 1 3. Summary of Findings 2 4. Commentary on findings 2 Oral Communication 2 Fluency in a Second Language 3 Presentation skills and time management 3 Skills considered of least importance 3 5. Recommendations 3 What transferable skills should students develop during their time at university? 1. Introduction Transferable skills can be described as ‘skills developed in one situation which can be transferred to another situation’ e.g. problem-solving, decision-making, or communication skills. These skills are also known as ‘soft skills’, ‘key skills’ or ‘generic skills’ and are essential in all areas of life, not just in learning or work situations. In recent years Higher Education institutions have begun to identify particular transferable skills they wish their own graduates to develop during their time in third-level education. However, an essential part of identifying important skills for students to develop is to seek the opinions of students themselves. The focus of this HEA-funded project is on modern language students. Hence this survey was conducted with this student cohort only, rather than with a cross-section of the student body. Most surveys undertaken to ascertain students’ opinions on the important transferable skills for them to develop, have been surveys of diverse student populations. It is interesting to note that...
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...CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND This chapter presents the background of the study, problem andits significance, and the scope and delimitation of the study. INTRODUCTION Over the years, there had been a growing concern in thedevelopment of oral communication among second-language learners with 1Sample 1 regards to the deterioration of their oral English skills. 1 Many have voicedtheir sentiments on the needs to strengthen every student’s grasp of theEnglish language. 2 According to Rama (2000), the main reason why theFilipinos are employed abroad is their ability to speak and understand Englishand so when all countries in the world struggle to learn English, we Filipinosshould not unlearn it. English is a global language and in ad in the worlds of former Education Secretary Richardo Gloria (Castro, 1994), “mastering it willbe beneficial to all our students for they can then compete internationally.” 3 Moreover, Roces (1999) emphasized that the Department of Educationshould prepare its pupils for the Information Revolution and that “…isolatingthem linguistically from the world’s chief language of information is to doomthem from the very start.”Students’ poor command of the English language has challengedmany secondary-language teacher to continue redefining or “…elaboratingmethods systematically trying them out and judging the results” (Sevignon,1983) to come up with novel ways of developing students’ competence inthe spoken language. 4 Sadly, some...
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...I consider my oral communication skills to be a strength of mine, as well as a weakness. I am pretty confident in my oral communication skills and comfortable speaking to any adult face to face. My biggest weakness would have to be my ability to speak in front of an audience, and my written communication skills. I feel as if I struggle most with expressing my thoughts in a clear, easy to understand manner. I hope to overcome my weaknesses throughout this semester with the help of this course. I am very outgoing and talkative around my friends and most importantly, my teammates and family. When it comes to speaking to large audiences, I tense up and tend to freeze because everyone’s attention is on me. I get so nervous when I present to an audience that my face turns red and I can feel my heart rate increase dramatically. It is very important to me that I improve and become comfortable speaking to an audience. I am always looking to improve my communication skills, whether it is a strength or weakness of mine. I feel I can best improve my oral communication skills though everyday little activities. A great way to do this would be to raise my hand as much as possible in class to speak in front of the whole class. Speaking is an invaluable skill in the field of business and I greatly care about creating as many opportunities for myself as possible in this course and eventually down the road as I look forward to future success in my field. Over the course of the semester, I want...
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...Students’ oral English Interest Abstract With the opening-up of China, English teaching has been getting more and more attention, especially since Beijing won the bid to hold the 2008 Olympic Games，the economy and society developed quickly in China and different cultures have come into contact more and more, there is no denying that English will play an important role in communication. As a result, English teaching and reform are coming to a turning point, how to improve students' spoken English is the core issue of students and teachers. Students are more and more eager to learn English well especially the oral English, but a lot of difficulties and barriers in the way. Therefore, how to stimulate middle school students' oral English interest becomes more and more important. In this paper, the author pays attention to studying the present situation of Middle school students Oral English study, and propose some personnel but effective strategies to stimulate students’ oral English skills. Key words：Oral English, interests, communication. Table of Contents Abstract…………………………..........................….............................................……….ii Table of Contents…………………………………………………………........…………iii Outline…………………………………………………………………………………… v 1. Introduction…………………………………………………………………………… 1 2. The Significant Value of Oral English………………………………………………… 2 2.1 English is the most widely used languages…………………………………………. 2 2.2 Oral English Skills is the Necessary...
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...Chapter I PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction The age we live in may be defined as the communication age. Effective communication is considered one of the most important skills that individuals should have. Receptive and expressive language abilities constitute a significant aspect of effective communications in terms of language skills. One of the expressive language elements is speaking skill. Speaking is the most common and important means of providing communication among human beings. The key to successful communication is speaking nicely, efficiently and articulately, as well as using effective voice projection. Furthermore, speaking is linked to success in life, as it occupies an important position both individually and socially. As is the case with many basic skills, one of the important periods to improve speaking skill is, incontrovertibly, during primary education. Speaking skills acquired and developed during primary education are significant with regard to both acquisition and permanence. Therefore, it is essential that efficient and effective teaching methods are employed in order to improve speaking skills during primary education. In our view, a favourable technique in aiding primary school students to acquire and develop oral skills is the use of creative and educational drama activities. No matter where this technique is applied, creative drama may be considered a method of learning –a tool for self-expression, as well as art. Background of the...
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...TRAINING MODULE FOR SUBORDINATE LEVEL: Communication Skills Program Objectives The objectives of this training are to enable the participants to: ✓ Understand the benefits of improved communication skills ✓ Appreciate own communication style in business dealings with others ✓ Know the differences between verbal and non verbal communications ✓ Understand and practice effective speaking to encourage co-employees to give of their best and to help manage upwards ✓ Appreciate when written communication is most appropriate ✓ Demonstrate enhanced listening skills ✓ Understand everyone’s point of view ✓ Will have higher self-esteem Content |Activities |Time | |Assembly time |7:00AM – 8:00AM | |Seminar proper |8:00AM – 8:30AM | |Opening prayer | | |Singing of our National Anthem | | |Opening Remarks | | |Introduction of the...
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...language that is only written but not spoken. Oral communication is constantly and continually employed by an individual in the familial and social environments. Oral communication has also its vital role in business situations. Oral communication in business has a variety of purposes. The communication of information is one purpose of oral communication, and may include informing employees of company-related issues, training new hires, speaking to the general public and maintaining business to business relationships. Persuasion through marketing and advertising is another purpose of oral communication in business. It is used to show a group of people a need and provide a solution to that need. The following are some of the situations in which oral communication is employed. Example 1: Presentations One form of oral communication in a business setting is a presentation. Presentations are usually an organized conveyance of information to a group of people. Stylistically, they tend to be far more formal than informal, and rely more heavily on data and facts than they do analysis. Presentations may include some dialog after the sender of the message has finished their speech, but they are, by and large, much more monologue reliant. This makes it important for the speaker to anticipate possible objections to the message and address them in the actual speech. Example2: Client interaction Another form of oral communication in business encompasses interaction with clients...
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