...Corrections Trend Evaluation Tomas Gonzalez CJA / 394 February 4, 2014 Alfredo Cooke Corrections Trend Evaluation In this paper I will evaluate the past, present and future trends pertaining to the development and operation of institutional and community based correction. As part of the evaluation I will identify and analyze current and future issues facing prisons and prison administrators today. I will also identify and analyze the role/issue of alternate correction systems as a developing trend. Trends within the criminal justice system continue to influence the development and operations of institutions and community-based corrections. As mandatory sentencing laws can cause an increase in prison population, prison administrators face a daunting task in addressing the issues that overpopulation causes. “Apart from the highest priority of addressing prison population growth, prison managers are often confronted with an array of issues relating to imprisonment practices and their consequences” (Greenfeld, Beck, & Gillard, 1996, p.9). Development and Operations of Institutions The development and operations of institutions appears to operate around two opposing philosophies if punishment versus rehabilitation. The evolution of the development of corrections past, present and future has seen many changes throughout the inception of prisons. In the past the trends for prisons were solitary confinement with little concern for the rehabilitation of inmates. The well-being...
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...Correction Trends Evaluation Paper Angela Rosado CJA/394 Contemporary Issues and Future in Criminal Justice September 19, 2011 Christopher Manning Paper Correction Trends Evaluation The question at hand today is where and how is our correction system going to be in the future? But to understand and know how the future of our corrections will be, we must first understand the past and the present trends of corrections. In this paper I will discuss the past, present and future trends of corrections, I will analyze current and future issues facing prisons and prison administrators as well as the role/issues of alternate correction systems as a developing trend. Past Corrections In today’s society the jails and prison pretty much function in the same ways. The history of the State prisons began at the Walnut Street Jail in 1790, it was called the first American penitentiary located in Philadelphia, and the building had been operated as a city jail. Some of the same functions and principles were used in England, also these functions were used in the United States as early as the eighteenth century, in England during that time did very little when it came down to punishment. There was very little difference between the two correction systems in the United States, the punishment was significant, but it was very noticeable that the American’s corrections’ system difference in punishment, for example: the use of capital punishment. Therefore, when it came down to the death...
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...Ethics in Criminal Justice Administration Analysis CJHS/484 March 23, 2015 In this paper I will discuss and “analyze the relationship between ethics and professional behavior in the administration of the criminal justice system. Also discuss the role of critical thinking with the regards to the relationship to ethics and professional behavior” (The University of Phoenix, 2015). And a proposal a seminar on due process and how there are several steps that fall into the classification of the professional standards and values that have to do with the criminal justice system. The due process model meets the criteria for professional and ethical standards that are within the criminal justice system. The model goes to show that those in the criminal justice system is conducting themselves in a professional and ethical manor that uphold the rights of all those involved from inmates to co-workers within the criminal justice system. Due process model “is a type of justice system which is based on the principle that a citizen has some absolute rights and cannot be deprived of life liberty or property without appropriate legal procedures and safeguards” ("USLegal: Due Process Model Law & Legal Definition", 2001-2015). “The due process generally requires fairness in government proceedings” ("USLegal: Due Process Model Law & Legal Definition", 2001-2015). In example a person that is charged with a crime has the right to counsel, “right to a speedy trial and to be heard and...
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...A. Compliance Status When a patient checks into Nightingale Community Hospitals they believe the hospital will put there care first and provide quality medicine. Looking at the recent compliance reports there are areas of patient care this hospital needs to improve in. Reporting critical results within 60 minutes, labeling medication containers and reactions with anticoagulation therap.0y are areas that this hospital needs to improve upon. Improving these areas would be just one step toward increasing patient care and satisfaction at this hospital. There are three areas to focus on that Nightingale Community Hospital is not in compliance with according to the Joint Commission standards. These areas are reporting critical results within 60 minutes, labeling medication containers and relations with anticoagulation therapy. One is in reporting of critical results hospital-wide. The survey results showed the hospital’s average in regards to reporting critical results within 60 minutes was 70% of the time. In the survey there were only three months August, October and December, where the hospital scored in the 80% or higher range. All other months they scored between 56% and 78%. To be in the Joint Commission standards the hospital’s scores should be in the 100% range. The Joint Commission survey results showed that three of the staff nurses that were interviewed indicated the leaders had not effectively communicated to the nursing staff Nightingales reporting policy. (The...
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...2014 Theresa Cruz Policy Analysis II Police and corrections are two important components of the criminal justice system. They are involved in the public policy on a daily basis. Team “A” chose to research police and correction policies and describe how these policies affect the operations and decision-making process. According to Welsh and Harris, policies are described as “a rule or set of rules or guidelines for how to make a decision”; a program as “a set of services aimed at achieving specific goals and objectives within specified individuals, groups, organizations, or communities”; and a project as “a time-limited set of services provided to particular individuals, groups, organizations or communities, usually focused on a single need, problem or issue. (Harris & Welsh, 1999, p. 357).” Police and corrections policies will be summarized while analyzing their implications for the criminal justice system including the potential effectiveness and limitations. War on Drugs Policy The United States “War on Drugs” policy is thought to be one of the harshest policies around the world since implemented in the early 1980s (Winterbourne, 2012). Research suggest The war on drugs “creates problems for broken families, increased poverty, racial disparities, and wasted tax dollars, prison overcrowding and eroded civil liberties” (We are Drug Policy Alliance, 2014). Former President Richard Nixon and his administration initiated the policy. According to research, under the...
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...discussion focuses on the forces of change and the approaches to managing organizational change in criminal justice agencies, including identifying observable aspects of organizational cultures (Robbins & Judge, 2013). What social, political, and organizational behavior can influence change in criminal justice agencies? The criminal justice field is an ever evolving field. As today’s technology changes so does the way the criminal justice field interacts with that technology. As our society changes the technology that we use will also be altered to fit the situation. The barriers that come along can affect how the criminal justice field interprets what to do next. The basis of the criminal justice system is to protect and serve the community as a whole. Keeping up with the changes in society in our social, political, and organizational behavior is a vital part of our criminal justice system. There will be fewer barriers as it relates to females in the criminal justice field as well as minorities in particular roles in the different departments because of the social, organizational, and political behavior changes in the criminal justice system and these barriers are being torn down consistently. Statistically there will be more women and minorities in the criminal justice field by the year 2020 than white males (Schmallager, F., 2011). Currently with the political behavior changes in the criminal justice...
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...HCS 577 September 2012 Health Care Budget Manage a health care organization is not an easy task, the compromise with the community to provide an excellent service and the responsibility of keeping the profitability and viability of the organization makes health care management a complex and every day challenging profession. It require effective practices to avoid the failure of the business. Independently if the organization is not-for-profit or for-profit, a vital duty of the management team is to keep the organization finances in a status that allows it to operate, and produce a level of revenue that secure its existence over the years. To reach these objectives, managers must perform key functions that involve planning, decision making, controlling, organize, staffing, among others. The planning function is a vital chore of health managers that includes the identification of goals, and objectives to take the organization to the desired future state based on the current conditions (Liebler & McConnell, 2008). As part of the planning process, the task of budgeting plays an important role in the effective guidance of the organization toward the established goals and financial stability. Budgets permit managers to allocate financial resources in the planning process, evaluate the financial performance of the organization in a specific period as well as planning, control, and establish benchmarks with previous years details to identify strengths and weaknesses that will...
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...THE CONCEPT AND PRACTICES OF SUPERVISION/INSPECTION IN KWARA STATE PUBLIC PRIMARY SCHOOLS BY S. A. ONASANYA Ph.D. DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE EDUCATION, FACULTY OF EDUCATION, UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN, ILORIN, NIGERIA. Introduction The sudden explosion of pupils population coupled with the attendant increased complexity of the school organization and the introduction of the new school basic system of 6-3-3-4 or 9-3-4 (?) system of education in the country has indeed necessitate a greater attention of supervision more than ever before. This is more so because school supervision occupies a unique place in the entire education system. If qualitative education is a thing seriously desired in schools so that standard of education in our schools can be highly improved, school supervision must therefore be accorded high priority. Through inspection and supervision, the inspectors and supervisors assist in improving classroom instructions because teachers are made more competent and efficient, parent are satisfied with the performance of their children, children are motivated to work harder in order to achieve the required standard, hence in the long run, the goal of education is achieved. Concept of Supervision Supervision is a way of stimulating, guiding, improving, refreshing and encouraging and overseeing certain group with the hope of seeking their cooperation in order for the supervisors to be successful in their task of supervision. Ogunsaju (1983). Supervision is essentially the practice...
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...Theory “Adlerian Psychology focuses on people's efforts to compensate for their self-perceived inferiority to others. These feelings of inferiority may derive from one's position in the family constellation, particularly if early experiences of humiliation occurred; a specific physical condition or defect existed; or a general lack of social feeling for others was present (Adler, n.d.)”. These feelings in society guide the professional behavior that makes up the theory of criminal justice is a crucial part of criminal justice system, and the ethics that make up moral principles of right and wrong, administration that distributes burden and stresses common good in our legal system. We are, faced with ethical issues every day and must deal with components that make up our involved system in a professional manner. The administration of criminal justice, especially the policing of society and individual rights requires professional behavior in certain situations and may often for those on the outside looking in to find it difficult to handle. The criminal justice system has obligations of making moral judgments of what is right or wrong and must be done professionally and with the use of critical thinking. Because law enforcement its successes and failures are often judged by society vise right and wrong the system is under great scrutiny even from those that manage the system, and understand the stresses involved. The relationship between theories, and how they are defined...
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...Future of the Juvenile System John Doe CJA/374 Future of the Juvenile System The future of the juvenile system in today’s economic environment has put a magnifying glass on all things government. In this discussion, it will be recommendations for the future of the juvenile system as a whole. The included parts will be on the community, courts, juvenile corrections, law enforcement, privatization, and the justification for the juvenile system. Community and Courts The purpose of the community and court systems is to provide all governments, communities, organizations, and advocates all areas of the Juvenile System along with the requirements for the system. Having this system in place is to improve the justice system for all juveniles who commit crimes with discipline and structure. We have so many people of all cultures and aspects of life which commit crimes on a daily basis. Crimes are being committed for many reasons, it could be to support someone’s family, a person who has a drug problem where someone would do anything to support their habit, lost of job, lack of education, low self-esteem, or either the person may feel worthless. There could be different reasons why a person commits a crime but that does not give anyone a good reason to break the law and hurt someone in the process. Some recommendations which I would see may help throughout the justice system would be everyone who has something to do with the assessment involving the court system should have...
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...The Parole and Probation Administration of the Philippines The Parole and Probation Administration (Filipino: Pangasiwaan ng Parol at Probasyon), abbreviated as PPA, is an agency of the Philippine government under the Department of Justice responsible for providing a less costly alternative to imprisonment of first-time offenders who are likely to respond to individualized community-based treatment programs. HISTORY: Probation was first introduced in the Philippines during the American colonial period (1898–1945) with the enactment of Act No. 4221 of the Philippine Legislature on August 7, 1935. This law created a Probation Office under the Department of Justice. On November 16, 1937, after barely two years of existence, the Supreme Court of the Philippines declared the Probation Law unconstitutional because of some defects in the law's procedural framework. In 1972, House Bill No. 393 was filed in Congress, which would establish a probation system in the Philippines. This bill avoided the objectionable features of Act 4221 that struck down the 1935 law as unconstitutional. The bill was passed by the House of Representatives, but was pending in the Senate when Martial Law was declared and Congress was abolished. In 1975, the National Police Commission Interdisciplinary drafted a Probation Law. After 18 technical hearings over a period of six months, the draft decree was presented to a selected group of 369 jurists, penologists, civic leaders and social and behavioral...
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... HRET Focus Areas As a health care professional, it is the responsibility of management to make the necessary steps to measure performance and ensure that quality care is given to all patients. For the purpose of this paper, I believe Quality and safety, and community health is important to all heath care administrators. Quality and Safety When one is considered to be an employer, it is the responsibility of the individual or individuals to protect their employees from safety hazards and promote optimal health. Health and safety laws have been passed to ensure the safety of workers and protect them from hazards in the workplace. (OSHA, 2012)The Occupational Safety and Health Act mandate and require employers to provide a workplace that is free of hazards and to cooperate with occupational safety and health standards. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration were created by Congress to enforce specific standards and to provide information on safety and health, training and assistance to employers and workers. (OSHA, 2012) OSHA enables workers to understand and clarify their right. If a problem is present, it is up to the employee to take proper precaution and notify the organization so that corrections can take place. As an employer, it is important to act promptly so that the matter is handled promptly and efficiently. There are many ways an individual can report an unhealthy work environment. It is imperative to research and document ways to lessen work place...
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...Executive Summary Accreditation Audit - Communication Nightingale Community Hospital A. Compliance Status Nightingale Community Hospital (NCH) has a vital role as a not-for-profit community hospital providing health care and services in various areas such as critical care, general medical and surgical services, oncology etc. This executive summary provides overview in terms of NCH`s compliance of priority focus area on communication: * The current status of the NCH`s communication compliance with the communication requirements of the Joint Commission (JC) on Accreditation of Healthcare Organization. * Corrective action plan for a compliance with the JC’s standards for the communication focus area. * Justification of an importance for the communication standards for NCH. Current Status NCH Communication standards compliance to 2013 Joint Commission Hospital Standards for Communication NCH current standards and protocols in place | Joint Commission(JC) Standard Number | Joint Commission Standards, retrieved from Joint Commissions on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (2013) | NCH Preprocedure Hand-Off form | UP.01.01.01 | Conduct a preprocedure verification process. | Overall finding: Based on the provided material, NCH preprocedure hand-off form, there appears to be a preprocedure verification process in place within the hospital. This form, however, does not have a clear division of information areas that are collected and the data provided...
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...to the policing system. This system of rules is required to maintain a sense of normalcy that can be viewed as being free from harm in the communities. Policing overtime has proven to be effective after years of improvements and changes. Policing can be dated as far back as 1066. During this time American law enforcement was inherited much of how Great Britain. The communities were based on their behaviors and moral other than their criminal problems. According to (Grant & Terry, 2012) Sir Robert Peel found a way to create London Metropolitan Police system. He created what was lacking in the discipline of England. His envisions help shape the policing of modern day (Walker-Katz, 2008). He made an impact on the practice of policing that will for be used for centuries to come. The first Europeans had to establish a way to protect themselves and with that they established policing. This responsibility was left up to the well and able bodied men and boys at that time (Sabath). During this time policing took on two forms informal and communal, which was called “The Big Stick” (Spitzer, 1979). The informal policing consisted of private citizens and English counterparts The community or communal policing also had a great effective on the method of policing during that time. A system referred to as the watch system was developed by community volunteers that would warn if danger occurred. Many different cities participated in creating a watch system. Boston in 1636, New York in...
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...Community-Oriented Policing Analysis This analysis confirms the issue of community-oriented policing began in the early years of a growing country. Building the first organized police forces in America become complicated by the influx of immigration from other countries. The ethnic, racial, and cultural backgrounds of immigrants, and citizens of this nation provided a continual reshaping, and growing of police organizations. The role of the police organizations became multi-faceted and complex for law enforcement agencies. Early Years As the country began to increase with the influx of immigrants, the government had to take control, and build police departments to help in control of the criminal element. As the first American city, Boston, MA, incorporated the first paid police force, New York, and Philadelphia followed. The American police departments slowed in the failure of contemporary policing because of official and political interference. The city counselors look for newer ways of incorporating law enforcement principles into the infrastructure of the new country. Sir Robert Peel’s and August Vollner’s principles caused many failed, or false starts in the evolution of early American law enforcement into modern day policing. The core principles of these concepts attributed to community-oriented policing. The main criteria created to prevent crime and provide the means to control disorder. This reorganization of respect secured the appreciation of the community to work...
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