...APPLIED ETHICS A. What is applied ethics? 1. So far we have been focused either on normative ethics, which studies what features make something good/bad, an act right/wrong or a trait virtuous or vicious - or metaethics, which studies philosophical questions about the meaning of ethical words, or the nature of ethical facts 2. Applied ethics is a distinct category of ethical philosophy A. What is applied ethics? 3. Deals with difficult moral questions and controversial moral issues that people actually face in their lives Examples: the moral issues regarding… abortion euthanasia giving to the poor sex before marriage the death penalty gay/lesbian marriage (or other rights) war tactics censorship so-called “white lies” etc. A. What is applied ethics? 4. Given the time we have left in the semester, we’re going to focus on only two example issues: • Whether or not we are morally obligated to help the less fortunate (especially those in other nations) • Whether or not abortion is morally wrong 5. Why we haven’t spent more time on this: • Often results in gridlocked or endless discussions • Having some prior knowledge of some normative theories helps give a framework for discussion • Brings in issues that are not philosophical E.g., a discussion about whether or not the death penalty is morally OK may require sociological information about its effectiveness, etc. B. Suggestions for having good discussions 1. Abortion is a very emotional and charged issue - Students are bound...
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...Phil essay http://philpapers.org http://plato.stanford.edu/index.html (c) Research Essay (35%). (1) Essays must answer (or address) one of the essay prompts provided by the Unit Coordinator of PHIL1001. A PDF document with essay prompts will be posted on the LMS associated with PHIL1001 in the first few weeks of semester. (2) The essay should not exceed 1,000 words (excluding bibliographical information). If an essay is longer than this, the marker may ignore the excess words, or the essay mark may be lowered. (3) Essays are to conform to the following style: • Word processed (if that is not possible, please write the unit coordinator) • Double spaced • 25 mm margins • Referenced using numbered footnotes or endnotes • All sources (e.g. quotations) must be fully and accurately referenced using proper form for references; consult referencing style sheets in library. • Bibliography containing only items that are referenced in the essay (in the text, or foot/endnotes). • An accurate word-count on the front page. (4) An essay must be submitted by the date and time prescribed except where the student has received in writing an extension of time from the Unit Coordinator. Student's seeking an extension must make their appeal to the student advisor for their faculty. The unit coordinator will then take the student advisor's recommendation under consideration...
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...There are many administrative issues that can arise in the health care field; one that not only can affect the patient but also their privacy is HIPPA. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA) was made into a law on August 21, 1996 (HIPPA overview, p1). The law is steered toward improving the efficiency and effectiveness of the health care system by standardizing how to exchange data for administrative and financial transactions, while protecting the security and confidentiality of that information. While HIPPA was placed into effect to help patients and their confidentially, there are many issues that can arise. One important issue understands who is affected and its impact on the population. Also what arguments or facts are used to support the proposed solution, and what ethical and legal issues reported for the administrative issue. Understanding the managerial responsibilities related to administrative issues is also very important. Identifying solutions and how they can assess the issues at hand can be very beneficial as well. ` One factor to understand is who the issues of HIPPA effects, and what issues can arise because of these issues. There are many ethical issues that can arise from HIPPA, which can have a great effect on patients and their privacy. HIPPA allows and in many cases requires that confidentiality be kept, while patients can give written permission for their information to be shared with a medical organization or single physician...
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...| Ethical health care issue. Being ethical is one thing that is so important to all and sundry. In every manner of life, whether at home, at the work place, or any social place, ethics shape our behavior. The health care field is one sector that has ethics to be part of the practices. Ethical issues continue to be serious issues for discussions in the trends of the health care system. Viewing ethics as the fundamental platform for health care practices, the recognition of rights, an economic issue and shifts in social and family systems throws light on the ethical issues more in the health field (Fernandes & Moreira, 2013). Individual or group ethics of professionals may go a long way to change the organizational values. An organ donation situation occurred in a facility that was of ethical concern, the situation; its ethical implication and evaluation are discussed in this paper. This issue is being evaluated and discussed based on the four ethical principles, autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice. The story of a father and daughter wanting to save each other poses an ethical issue of consent. This is a father who is willing and able to donate his only kidney to his needy daughter. The daughter here is in dire need of a kidney transplant. His father in 1996, according to CNN’s Kahn J.F donated one of his kidneys to his daughter while in jail (2000). The response to the transplant thereof has not been positive. Her father is ready to do an exchange and...
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...Arthur Andersen: Questionable Accounting Practices Steven Young Strayer University Business Ethics: Ethical Decision Making and Cases Dr. Mary Tranquillo November 13, 2012 Arthur Andersen: Questionable Accounting Practices p1 Arthur Andersen, one of the largest accounting firms in the United States, “a name that was synonymous with trust, integrity, and ethics” (Ferrell, Fraedrich, & Ferrell, 2011, p. 348), through a loss of its founder Arthur Andersen, and change in its corporate culture resulting in many unethical business transactions that affected multitudes of primary stakeholders had to close its doors in 2002 after 90 years of business. Review the mandated requirements for legal compliance (from chapter 4) and determine which requirements apply to the Arthur Andersen case. Explain your rationale After re-reading Chapter 4 there are five areas that separate the mandated requirements for legal compliance, and I feel the that two apply to the Arthur Andersen case; the protection of consumers, and incentives to encourage organizational compliance programs. In the laws that protect consumers they require businesses to provide accurate information protecting them from financial scams, unfair, fraudulent, or deceptive practices. There are “Gatekeepers” that are in charge of that such as lawyers, financial rating agencies, and financial reporting services that help enforce high ethical standards. This...
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...Whistleblowing and Ethical Motivations Marie Whitehead Soc. 120 Introduction to Ethics and Social Responsibility Prof: Christopher Messer March 31, 2014 The term whistleblower was first used in England and referred to the practice of British police officers blowing a whistle when a crime was being committed. This would then raise the alarm to other law enforcement officers to alert them that something was endangering the public (Princeton, n.d.). Today, however, the term shares a much broader meaning and is met with a variety of ethical motivations. When we hear the term, “whistleblower”, we know that someone has raised a concern regarding a possible wrongdoing in either a government agency or a private company, and they want to make others aware. The status of the whistleblower is often debated: as Rothschild and Miethe (1999) note, “some see whistleblowers as traitorous violators of organizational loyalty norms; other see whistleblowers as heroic defenders of values considered more important than company loyalty”. In addition, whistleblowing is a “new form of worker resistance” relevant to the “unending battle between labor and management to control the workplace” (Rothschild, et.al, 1999). But with the right motives in place, whistleblowing is good for an organization or agency because it protects that organization and agency from fraud, misconduct, and in most cases, failure. And, when affective communication is in place, the organization’s goals are kept in...
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...37 Understanding Business Ethics Assignment brief 1: Ethical issues Assessor Mr. Zachaues Omwenga Date issued: 06/05/2015 Date of Submission: 29/05/2015 This assignment brief assesses |P1 explain the ethical issues a business needs to consider in its operational activities | |P2 explain the implications for the business and stakeholders of a business operating ethically | |P3 describe the social implications of business ethics facing a selected business in its different areas of activity | |M1 assess how a selected business could improve the ethics of their operations | |D1 evaluate the impact of a selected business’s ethical behavior on stakeholders and the business. | Scenario Businesses are limited in what they do. Sometimes by laws and sometimes by the conventions and social codes we live by. Gathered together these are what we refer to as ethics and they can apply to every aspect of business behaviour. Whereas it could be argued that most laws have their origins in ethics, ethical behaviour, by individuals and business go beyond legal requirement and are discretionary, that is to say we can choose to follow them or not. You have been asked to research and draw up a report explaining business ethics for a selected organization...
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...| Navigation through Adaptation | | | | Overview of Organization/Introduction: The organization that I chose to discuss for my final project paper is Goldman Sachs, the renowned American bulge bracket investment bank. In addition to bringing many companies public, Goldman is also a publicly traded financial institution headquartered in New-York city. The company’s main line of business is in helping corporations and government institutions raise capital, providing underwriting services and mergers and acquisitions advice. More specifically, Goldman Sachs specializes in investment banking, asset management, and trading and securities transaction services. Goldman has an employee head-count of approximately 35,700 people and operates mainly in the U.S, Asia and Europe. The company trades on the New-York Stock Exchange; using the ticker symbol GS. Similar and in some respects worse than other investment banks, Goldman Sachs profits fell in 2011; reportedly by as much as 58% in the final quarter when compared to the same period a year earlier. It is well documented that the financial services industry has been cutting jobs post 2008 financial meltdown. Just last year, Goldman Sachs slashed some 2,400 jobs while setting aside an approximate $367,000 in compensation per employee, down 15% from an average of $430,000 in 2010. One distressed employee referred to the reward/compensation cut as a ‘bloodbath’. From all reports it seems like the culture and morale...
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...Learning outcomes: Completing this assignment will contribute to your ability to: • Understand the meaning and importance of ethics in the business world • Understand the implications of businesses operating ethically SCENARIO You are to host an ethics event, where you will invite small to medium sized organisations from around your local area. The purpose of the event is to educate local businesses about ethical issues; the types of practices they can implement through business activities; the implications of not operating ethically for both the business and society and the rewards gained from ethical policies. In preparation for the event you will be provided with two briefs detailing a number of research tasks. Brief 1 is below, Brief 2 is to follow. Brief 1: You are to investigate, through extensive research, the ethical activities of VOLKSWAGEN. Start with the company mission statement, examine their aims and objectives and review the different stakeholders that Volkswagen is associated with. Once you have this research carry out the following tasks detailed below. a) Explain the ethical issues Volkswagen needs to consider in its operational activities (P1) For this task you will need to research the different ethical issues facing organisations, this should include: corporate governance; corporate social responsibility; environment; sustainability; human rights; working conditions;...
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...Marketing) Unit 37 Understanding Business Ethics Assignment brief 1: Ethical issues Assessor Mr. Zachaues Omwenga Date issued: 06/05/2015 Date of Submission: 29/05/2015 This assignment brief assesses |P1 explain the ethical issues a business needs to consider in its operational activities | |P2 explain the implications for the business and stakeholders of a business operating ethically | |P3 describe the social implications of business ethics facing a selected business in its different areas of activity | |M1 assess how a selected business could improve the ethics of their operations | |D1 evaluate the impact of a selected business’s ethical behaviour on stakeholders and the business. | Scenario Businesses are limited in what they do. Sometimes by laws and sometimes by the conventions and social codes we live by. Gathered together these are what we refer to as ethics and they can apply to every aspect of business behaviour. Whereas it could be argued that most laws have their origins in ethics, ethical behaviour, by individuals and business go beyond legal requirement and are discretionary, that is to say we can choose to follow them or not. You have been asked to research and draw up a report explaining business ethics for a selected organization that is...
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...The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available at www.emeraldinsight.com/2045-4457.htm SAJGBR 2,1 Profiting from poverty: ethics of microfinance in BOP Linda M. Sama and R. Mitch Casselman Department of Management, Peter J. Tobin College of Business, St. John’s University, New York, New York, USA Abstract Purpose – This paper seeks to examine the ethical dilemmas that emerge when offering microfinance services in BOP markets. Design/methodology/approach – Utilizing the ethical lenses of deontology, teleology, virtue ethics and moral relativism, the paper builds on prior research on ethical issues in BOP markets and the ethics of microfinance to highlight the specific stakeholder impacts facing MFIs. Relevant literature and examples from practice are utilized to illustrate the different ethical perspectives. Findings – In general, many of the key dilemmas represent themselves in the extreme poverty segment of the BOP where commercial business models have the least traction. Research limitations/implications – Propositions are developed for the corrective actions in the paper which might allow future research to uncover differences in intervention success in different BOP markets. Practical implications – The discussion of potential interventions for the various stakeholders may ameliorate criticisms of MFIs, suggest opportunities for cross-sectoral partnerships and improve outreach to the poorest of the poor. Social implications – For each issue...
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...By Syriah Grossett Unit 37 P1 Task 1 (P1) Explain the ethical issues a business needs to consider in its operational activities What does business ethics mean? Business ethics is a form of applied ethics it deals with ethical rules and principles within a business or commercial context, the various moral or ethical problems that can arise in a business setting, and any special ethical duties or obligations that apply to people who are engaged in commerce, including workers and managers, customers and suppliers, and the larger group of people who have some interest in the business. Ethical issues affect all businesses, if a particular business is becoming a victim of bad ethical problems it could close down because the public perception would be very low. But if a company focuses on good ethical actions like recycling and only buying fair trade produce it would increase their popularity with consumers and boost sales. Tesco Tesco PLC is a multinational grocery and general merchandise retailer. After Walmart, Tesco it is the second-largest retailer in the world measured by profits and the second-largest retailer in the world measured by revenues. It has stores in 12 countries across Asia, Europe and North America and is the grocery market leader in the UK, the Republic of Ireland, Malaysia, and Thailand. Tesco mission statement is 'To create value for customers to earn their lifetime loyalty'. We deliver this through our values, 'No-one tries harder for customers'...
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...designated areas of the organizations. The organizing and directing element refers to the finance manager utilizing the organizations resources and deciding what is best to use that will help each objective be reached. In addition to that, this element also refers to the daily overseeing of operations that the health care organization is running efficiently. The last element which is decision making happens throughout the entire process of planning, controlling, organizing and directing because the finance manager has to do this in order to get anything accomplished. The financial management team is accountable for ensuring the reports are up-to-date, and they are accountable for reporting the funds with the principles set forth by the code of ethics and mission statement of the organization. Giving out incorrect information can produce moral as well as long-standing financial...
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...Ethics in Filmmaking One of the integral things that must be addressed when making a film is the ethics involved. Ethics are a constant issue that have to be carefully considered when filmmaking. This difficult decision-making is highly prevalent in that of documentaries, because of the difficulties associated in filming ‘real people’ or “social actors, (Nichols, 2001).” More importantly, the issues faced by a filmmaker differ between each of the documentary modes. Each particular documentary mode poses different formal choices that must be made in order to operate in an ethical fashion. Two films that have been made both display examples of how ethics must be considered when embarking on a documentary are Etre at Avoir [To Be and to Have], (2001) and Capturing the Friedmans (2003). These films have been made in different documentary modes, highlighting that there is not one mode which is easier or has fewer ethical issues associated with it. Additionally, what must be considered is how these style choices in these different modes affect the power relationships between the filmmaker, the subject and its audience, (Nichols, 2001). The importance of ethics when making a film is paramount. They exist in the filmmaking world to “govern the conduct [because] no hard and fast rules suffice, (Nichols, 2001). As Bill Nichols has argued, the essential question to consider when making a documentary is “How Should We Treat the People We Film (Nichols, 2001)?” The welfare of the....
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...BTEC Business Level 3, Unit 37: Understanding Business Ethics Businesses are limited in what they do. Sometimes by laws and sometimes by the conventions and social codes we live by. Gathered together these are what we refer to as ethics and they can apply to every aspect of business behaviour. Whereas it could be argued that most laws have there origins in ethics, ethical behaviour, by individuals and business go beyond legal requirement and are discretionary, that is to say we can choose to follow them or not. Businesses have not always behaved ethically and many still do not. This unit examines what pressures there are on businesses to behave in an ethical manner. Learning outcomes On completion of this unit you should: 1 Understand the meaning and importance of ethics in the business world 2 Understand the implications of businesses operating ethically 3 Know the social implications of business ethics 4 Understand ethical concerns facing different communities. Context: You have been asked to research and draw up a report explaining business ethics for an organisation that is about to be floated on the stock exchange. The report will demonstrate an understanding of ethical business behaviour; the implications of it and why it is increasingly seen as such a serious issue for more and more businesses. P1 explain the ethical issues a business needs to consider in its operational activities. • Begin by explaining your own understanding of the term...
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