...compensation, without the expectation of other gain. Contemporary health care in my experience as a nurse can be defined as symbiotic relationship between nurses, doctors, paraprofessionals, patients, and insurance companies. This multifaceted symbiotic relationship has each involved party complementing and enhancing the other for reasons that often independent of each other. Nurses often act as the intermediaries between doctors and the families of patients, while also servicing patients to insure a return to health along with being held accountable to the facilities who employ them. Nursing, meets the generally accepted definition of a profession based on the above listed standards: Although there is no overall consensus as to what constitutes the proper attributes of a profession, the following characteristics are commonly noted: a unique body of knowledge, altruistic service to society, a code of ethics, significant education and socialization, and autonomy in practice, i.e. reasonable independence in decision-making about practice and control of the work situation and conditions. While it could be argued that nursing meets many of these criteria, it is clear that it does not now and never did have autonomy, understood as the ability to control its own work – a major characteristic of a profession. (Liaschenko & Peter, 2004) Sweeping federal laws have recently been passed that offer universal health care of citizens of the United States on a scale that has never been...
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...Fresco Community Health Center Case Study Analysis Abstract Arroyo Fresco (AF) currently provides services through eleven clinics and four mobile service vans across western Arizona. The three counties that are served through AF provide high quality primary care and preventative services to demographic areas with diverse geography, culture, income, and other varying factors (“Arroyo Fresco,” 2006). The facility guides its decision making process for organizational strategies with the combination of FOCUS and SWOT analysis. This allows for a well-rounded check and balance system to manage and prepare for current and future strategies for short term and long term processes. The increase in financial demands, consumer expectations, partnerships and mergers, quality of care given, and health care reform restructuring have placed a lot of expectations on health care facilities (“Creating an ethical culture,” 2011). The organizational strategy proves to be an important structure in order to provide a clear definition on how AF can change over time in order to successfully deliver a strategy and action plan that will benefit the short term and long term projections within the company (“Executive Insight,” 2008). AF has an found areas to improve the job descriptions, relationships, and management processes (Miles, Snow, Meyer, and Coleman, 2013). The organization strives to establish a strategic set of goals that will monitor, advance, and demonstrate health care results within...
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... Abstract Not unpredictably, the increases in health care spending and the share of GDP dedicated to health care have raised up concerns about the negative influence of health care cost inflation on the U.S. economy. In an era of global economic markets, these concerns are reinforced by the status of the U.S. as a spending outlier among competing nations. The major concern is that rapid increases in health care spending can affect major economic indicators such per capita GDP, employment and inflation. The effects are likely to occur across all sectors of the economy, governments, businesses and households as all these interrelated sectors play an important role in the delivery, financing and consumption of health care in the US. Yet, the view that rapidly rising health care costs harms the U.S. economy is not without nonconformists, and some projecting economists opinion increases in health spending as having a neutral, or perhaps even a positive, economic effect. Pauly (2003) has contended that increasing health care expenditure naturally consequences in rapid growth in the health care and associated sectors, and in employment and incomes for workers in those sectors. Particularly, health care firms are largely U.S. owned. A related argument is that as total per capita GDP rises, consumers may choose to spend a higher portion of their income on health care consequently improving population health and productivity. Description of the issues researched ...
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...Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act 1 Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 Other short title(s) Long title Kassebaum-Kennedy Act, Kennedy-Kassebaum Act An Act To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to improve portability and continuity of health insurance coverage in the group and individual markets, to combat waste, fraud, and abuse in health insurance and health care delivery, to promote the use of medical savings accounts, to improve access to long-term care services and coverage, to simplify the administration of health insurance, and for other purposes. HIPAA Colloquial acronym(s) Enacted by the 104th United States Congress Citations Public Law Stat. Pub.L. 104–191 110 Stat. 1936 [1] [2] Legislative history [3] • • • • • • • • • Introduced in the House as H.R. 3103 [4] by Bill Archer (D-TX) on March 18, 1996 [5] Committee consideration by: House Ways and Means Passed the House on March 28, 1996 (267–151 Passed the Senate on April 23, 1996 (100-0 [6] ) [7] ) [8] ) and by the Senate on , in lieu of S. 1028 Reported by the joint conference committee on July 31, 1996; agreed to by the House on August 1, 1996 (421–2 [9] August 2, 1996 (98–0 ) Signed into law by President Bill Clinton on August 21, 1996 e v t [10] The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA; Pub.L. 104–191 [1], 110 Stat. 1936 [2] , enacted...
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...Health Care Reform for Children Valerie L. Briner HCAD 620 Professor Schutz Abstract Advancing toward universal health care has the possibility to improve access to care and better the health and wellbeing of uninsured children. This paper will discuss children and what medical coverage they may have and how healthcare reform should help get almost all children some type of healthcare. Currently, if a child is not covered under private insurance, Medicaid and CHIP can assist in covering the vulnerable groups, mostly because they are likely to be poor, belong to racial or ethnic minority groups or who have chronic health care problems. While both public and private insurance fail in meeting the needs of children, public coverage has been more persuasive than private coverage at providing managed health care to low-income children. Ideally health care reform could cause certain steps to promote the emotional, cognitive, and physical health of children, enable them to maximize their full potential. Such a focus would create application to such policy changes that could define solutions for failures in the current system and decrease discrepancy in access, quality, and outcomes. Healthcare Reform for Children The plan is set in place to overhaul the nation’s health care system. The goals of the health care reform proposals include moving the nation toward universal coverage, improving quality of care, and slowing the rate of...
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...interviews with three generation of women in America, ranging from the age 78 to 32, and their experience in how healthcare is/is not accessible in America. We will attempt to convey to the reader each generation view on the accessibility of health care; how they paid for health care; where they received their health care; how they viewed their health care and health care providers; what changes they have seen in the health care system; and any other facts or information. Moreover, this paper will list all questions and answers as posed and stated by both the interviewer and the interviewee. As I have stated I will be interviewing three generation of women my mother an 85 year old, my sister a 60 years old and my niece a 37 years old. When referring to health care in this interview we will be discussing inpatient care, outpatient care and long term care. What is your name and age? What has been the biggest barrier to healthcare for you? Understanding the healthcare system in itself has been a hurdle for me to conquer. Medicare Part A, B, C, and D. (non-financial hindrance to access healthcare) How do you see healthcare in America today? If we had a more nationalized healthcare system, we could do a better job for our patients and physicians would feel more satisfied with their jobs. How has the ACA affected you? situation or obstacle you have overcome What do you think the future holds for aging in Canada? ie) you could refer to Baby Boomers, technological...
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...types of information are contained in the MPI? MPI-master patient index, sometimes called a master person index, link a patient’s medical record number with common identification data elements, for example: patient’s complete name, date of birth, gender, mother’s maiden name and social security number. Because most health care facilities house patient records according to a medical record number, the MP becomes the key to locating paper based records in the health information department file system. Thus, the MPI is retained permanently because it serves as the key to finding the patients record, it can be automated or manual. According to the American Health Information Management Association (AHIMA), some recommended core data elements for indexing and searching records include: * Internal patient Identification * Patient Name * DOB * DOB qualifier * Gender * Race * Ethnicity * Address * Alias/pervious name * SS# * Facility identification * Universal patient identifier (if available) * Account number * Admission date * Discharge date * Service type * Patient disposition 2. What are registers and indexes? Registers and registries contain information about a disease or event and are maintained by individual health care facilities, federal and state government agencies and private organizations. Case report form are submitted by health care facilities and providers to report data to sponsoring agencies...
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...Affordable Care Act can apply to Puerto Rico and the impacting the Medicare, Medicare patient services and employees. Most of the people in the island think that the Affordable Care Act is giving more security and help to address the existing disparities in the healthcare system. With the new Patient Protection & Affordable Care Act, the insurance companies can no longer drop the coverage if one becomes sick, bill individual into bankruptcy because of an annual or lifetime limit, and they will not be able to discriminate against anyone with a pre existing condition. Most of the Medicare and Medicaid community suffers do to the imbalance in our healthcare system this situation affects the quality of care and places a financial strain on the government, individuals and families, employers and employees, and public and private providers. Most of the Medicare beneficiaries have to enroll in the MA program to help them to succeed and receive the adequate treatments without MA to help the disadvantaged seniors on the island, Puerto Rico's elderly citizens will be forced to turn to Mi Salud in larger numbers. Although Mi Salud is scheduled to receive an average of $690 million annually during the next five years, the widening deficit in MA funding is likely to create a net negative impact on federal funding for healthcare in Puerto Rico. The Health care Policies and Issues Ethical concerns and issues The Affordable Care Act (ACA) policies are intended to give patients more access...
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...as a condition of market access, and promotional messages must adhere to approved product characteristics. Drug prices also are regulated in most countries with national health insurance systems. The main factor that affects the industry is employment because a majority of Sudanese receive health insurance through their employers. Other economic factors such as the number of people who are uninsured or underinsured, performance and industry structure, the effects of regulation on prices, availability and utilization of drugs and productivity as well as the government stimulus plans also affects the industry. Unemployment Paramount to any industry is the number of people who are unemployed. In the first decade of the 20th century, this became a major political issue in the United States. Unemployment affects the pharmaceutical industry in two major ways. First, people who do not have jobs usually do not have the funds to buy the pharmaceuticals they need. Second, many people rely on jobs to provide health insurance. Even when they are hired, many new employees do not receive benefits until they have been employed a set period of time. Uninsured and Underinsured People Perhaps no issue is more related to the pharmaceutical industry than the number of people who are uninsured and underinsured. With no insurance or insufficient...
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...There are some issues that affect the health care industry negatively and positively. There issues with the pharmaceutical companies, the drugs pricing in America, the impact of different medical career trends, why has the numbers for health care professionals decline over the years, the effect of the different health care policy and what kind of development need to help fix this already crumbling health care industry. There have out cried from the public to congress and health care professionals to help elevate this issue from the American people suffering. There have been little or no definite and concrete solution on their part and the American people are suffering the consequences of high health care bills. This has led to stress on the pharmaceuticals companies all across the United States. The pharmaceutical market is looking forward to the by the year 2020 the United Sates pharmaceutical sales will double fifth globally. The issue with increase of chronic disease will increase in the develop world as it is the under develop world, if there is no effort to improve the health care system. Some of the example is the rising cost of drugs on the American people. The United States people pay a high cost on drugs than any other develop country. This one of the injustice in the health Care industry has must be taken care of in the future to come. The United States forbid the selling of drugs or important it in the United Sates even if that drug has met the FDA requirement...
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...STUDY GUIDE for C475 Care of Older Adult Objective Assessment Exam questions are taken from the Learning Objectives under the 9 Competencies: #1 Competency 742.1.1: Compassionate and Respectful Care of Older Adults The graduate integrates principles of compassion and respect for patients and their families into the planning and delivery of care to a diverse population of older adults and into advocacy for vulnerable older adults. This topic addresses the following learning objectives: * Recognize the impact of attitudes, values, and expectations about aging. * Describe how the RN’s personal beliefs and values may impact the care of older adults. * Articulate the concept of individualized care as the standard of practice with older adults, considering the right care, at the right time, in the right place and by the right provider of care. * Define Baby Boomers * What are the five racial groups listed in your text? * How would you perform discharge teaching to an Hispanic patient * Apply effective and respectful communication strategies in the care of older adults and their families. * List some of the changes of aging that could affect therapeutic communication * Note the ways to communicate or assist a patient with disabilities such as hearing deficits, vision impairments, or aphasia and dysarthria. Be familiar with the types of hearing devices. How should you address the older adult during therapeutic communication? ...
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...STUDY GUIDE for C475 Care of Older Adult Objective Assessment Exam questions are taken from the Learning Objectives under the 9 Competencies: #1 Competency 742.1.1: Compassionate and Respectful Care of Older Adults The graduate integrates principles of compassion and respect for patients and their families into the planning and delivery of care to a diverse population of older adults and into advocacy for vulnerable older adults. This topic addresses the following learning objectives: * Recognize the impact of attitudes, values, and expectations about aging. * Describe how the RN’s personal beliefs and values may impact the care of older adults. * Articulate the concept of individualized care as the standard of practice with older adults, considering the right care, at the right time, in the right place and by the right provider of care. * Define Baby Boomers (those born from 1946–1964) reach retirement age (as of 2011) A large group of people born between 1946 and 1964, in the time after the Second World War. * What are the five racial groups listed in your text? African American, American Indian/Alaskan Native, Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander/Asian, Hispanic, White * How would you perform discharge teaching to an Hispanic patient Teach the family as well because more than likely, pt is going home and family is his/her primary caregivers. * Apply effective and respectful communication strategies in the care of older adults and their...
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...and accessible health care coverage and services. Within the past thirty to forty years, the scope and cost of health care coverage and services has drastically changed, altering the manner in which health care was previously managed. There are several factors that have affected the cost of health care coverage over the course of the past two to three decades. One of these factors is the introduction and rapidly increasing enrollment in managed health care insurance plans. Managed care health insurance plans can, in most cases, help to alleviate the rising costs of effective medical coverage. Another important factor that has affected health care costs is the invention and implementation of new medical technologies. As prominent researchers and economic analysts have discovered, there is a distinct and direct correlat! ion between advancing medical technologies and rising health care costs. Medical innovation has been proven time and again to be an important determinant of health care cost growth. It would appear that managed care health insurance plans, which attempt to lower health care costs, and highly expensive new medical innovations and procedures are at cross purposes, pulling against one another in very different directions. Market-level comparisons have found the cost growth of health care in markets with greater managed care penetration to be generally slower than that of non-managed care health insurance markets. However...
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...future of Tricare. I will also discuss the types of Tricare. HIPAA stands for Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. It was enacted by the U.S. Congress and signed by President Bill Clinton in 1996. Title I of HIPAA protects health insurance coverage for workers and their families when they change or lose their jobs. Title II of HIPAA, known as the Administrative Simplification (AS) provisions, requires the establishment of national standards for electronic health care transactions and national identifiers for providers, health insurance plans, and employers. I will also discuss the differences, if any on how HIPPA is applied at military and civilian hospitals. History of Tricare In 1884, Congress set the stage for a program to serve the Armed Forces' medical needs. It was a very simple statement: “Medical officers of the Army and contract surgeons shall whenever possible attend the families of the officers and soldiers free of charge.” In 1943, Congress gave the go ahead for the Emergency Maternal and Infant Care Program (EMIC). This program provided maternity and infant care up to one year of age for wives and children of Service members in the four lowest parts of the pay table. Then, in December of 1956, the Dependents Medical Care Act gave authorization to the DoD so that it could contract medical care out to civilian health care providers in order to insure adequate health care to family members of active duty and retired Service members. Amendments to...
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...The mission of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (2010) is to “improve the health and healthcare of all Americans” (mission and history, para. 1). The founder of the foundation was Robert Wood Johnson, better known as the founder of Johnson and Johnson. From life experiences in the military and working with the public, Robert Wood Johnson decided that improving the health and the healthcare for individuals would be his life’s work (Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, 2010). The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation supports any just about any project that has the same objective as the foundation. Grants have been given to organizations that support the need to educate families on obesity to organizations that research substance abuse to agencies that deal with healthcare reform. In order for an agency to be eligible they must deal with one or more of the program areas focused on by the foundation. There are seven program areas; building human capital, childhood obesity, coverage, pioneer, public health, quality and equality, and vulnerable populations. Support is usually given to public agencies, universities, and charities that are tax exempt. Building human capital is actually creating professional, more educated healthcare workers to benefit the healthcare system. A program that is running currently is the Initiative on the Future of Nursing. In the efforts of making healthcare better all around it is believed that in order to fix the problems of healthcare for the public, problems...
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