... changes in the way man viewed time and space. The necessity of clear train schedules led to the development of World Standard Time and the plurality of private time. In regards to space, with which this paper deals, man moved into other subjective realms beyond the two and three dimensions described by Euclid. In fact, with Einstein's theory of relativity, the number of spaces inherent in life increased beyond calculation to equal the number of moving reference systems of all the matter in the universe. This theory echoes Nietzche's contemporary philosophical theory of perspectivism, where space only consists of points of view and interpretations, not objective facts. Thus, these two doctrines signaled a breakdown of the old notion that there is a single reality, a single, absolute space. Space became subjective and relative, man could not be sure of what it was that actually surrounded him and made up his physical world. Creative artists, painters and novelists, attempted to deal with this new concept. Attacks were made on traditional notions that there is only one space and that a single point of view is equal to an understanding. Writers, specifically, responded with multiple perspectives depicting different views of the same objects in space in order to demonstrate that the world is always different as it is perceived by various observers at varying times. Man had to come to grips with the...
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...Effects of Philosophy From The Renaissance to the Modern Age Era Philosophy for most of Europe was latent throughout the entire Middle Ages which lasted nearly nine centuries. Medieval Philosophy was the only recognized and practiced philosophy during that time period. There were individuals during the Medieval time period that tried to preach different philosophies, however it was not something that was encouraged. If someone tried speaking publicly about a different way of life or theory on life, they were usually brutally chastised. When the Church began to restore power it helped to the “rebirth” of philosophy. Towards the late Middle Ages and beginning of the Renaissance era, there were several very influential philosophers’ starting to rise such as Marsilio Ficino and Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2012). It was philosophers like these men that contributed towards the rebirth of philosophy. The Church did have some involvement in this movement as well. It was then that the Churches began to rise against foreign enemies and stand up for their selves. They started to break out of the orthodox way of life they were used to. The Church showed people that there is still hope. That is when people started to bestow their selves in the Church and grasped on to the thought of change. Once people started to think for themselves, they began to realize there is more to life, and life may actually have a purpose. That is where philosophy began...
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...Philosophy and Religion are both things that are heavily discussed by individuals involved in the study of philosophy itself. There are many different opinions about religion and philosophy, because philosophy itself is something that can be seen from different variations. On one hand, there are those that are considered realists, and they believe that religion can indeed exist in the discussion of philosophy. On the other hand, there are those who are considered non-realists, and these individuals do not believe that there is any proof or evidence to show that religion actually exists. The arguments of realists versus non-realists are based on the fact that some people in philosophy are simply going to have a different opinion about different things. For example, in the world there are many people with different views about different things. One individual may feel that Jesus Christ is God, while another individual may feel that Buddha is their God. Different opinions are shared around the world every day, and the study of philosophy is no different considering that many philosophers have different opinions relating to the topic of religion and philosophy. According to Meister, logical positivism was something that was very popular in philosophy during the early parts of the twentieth century because many philosophers felt that actual logic, mathematics and statements that had proven to be factual were the only parts of philosophy that belonged in philosophy in general. However...
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...Roman men did not begin learning philosophy until regarding two hundred before Christ. At that point, the Romans were gaining control, so plenty of Roman troopers and generals spent plenty of your time in Balkan state, and got an opportunity to speak to Greek philosophers. The Romans realized that Greek philosophers like philosopher, Plato, and Aristotle had been doing plenty of wondering philosophy only in the near past. Some Romans got interested, and by regarding fifty before Christ, these Romans were even commencing to write philosophy themselves, though' most of it had been just about simply translating Greek philosophy into Latin. One of the primary Roman men (Men would not let women study philosophy) who wrote regarding...
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...Requiring philosophy in the general education curriculum, whether it is in addition to or in place of another class, is worth it. Last semester when I was registering for classes I knew when I saw that I could take philosophy in place of another class that it would be worth it. And almost finishing this semester I know without a shadow of a doubt that it was. In fact, I would encourage other students to take a philosophy class. Studying philosophy allows for our God-given desire to grow and learn as a person to be fulfilled. Throughout this semester, I have learned more than I would have in any other class about the world that we live in through a philosophical view. Three of the many Philosophers that we studied included Bertrand Russell,...
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...Comparison Essay Comparison Essay There are three main types of schools of thought that are noted in the field of philosophy. The three schools are known as continental, pragmatic, and analytic philosophies. Pragmatism and analytic philosophy are uniquely American movements because they are way different in theory to the European pragmatism and analytic philosophy, known as continental philosophy. In this weeks reading, it states that that pragmatism is an American theoretical movement that was made up in the 1870s by C.S. Peirce. Pragmatists refused to believe the idea that there is such a thing as an independent and modifiable truth. “Pragmatists rejected the idea that there is such a thing as fixed, absolute truth, truth is relative to a time and place and purpose and is thus ever changing in the light of new data” (p 206). Pragmatists believed that the truth was constantly changing as new ideas were introduced. Pragmatists also believed that the ideas needed to be researched by several people and agreed upon by the consensus prior to deeming the ideas true. Such pragmatists are C. S. Peirce, John Dewey, and William James. Another form of philosophy is Analytic philosophy, which focuses mainly on the theories of language, truth, and logic. Analytical philosophy is being able to think sensibly and come to a rational conclusion based on facts rather that emotion, communication assessment, and scientific methods in approaching...
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...Before we can consider some of the questions studied by philosophy it makes sense to ask what philosophy is in the first place, although this is itself subject to much debate. In this first part of a series introducing philosophy and philosophical ideas, we begin by looking at the word and some of the historical answers given before moving on to more recent opinions, also setting out the divisions typically made and the methods employed. Historical interpretations of philosophy The word philosophy has meant different things at different times, often reflecting the culture of the day. Usually we understand the term to denote the love of wisdom, from the Greek; in this sense, as it was apparently used by the famous philosopher Socrates, it gives the impression of someone who is seeking wisdom, rather than having found it. We would only call someone a physicist, say, if he or she actually had some knowledge of physics, but we describe as a philosopher someone who is aiming at wisdom without necessarily achieving it. On the other hand, philosophy has also had the negative sense of a subject full of idle speculation, useless to the practical business of finding things out and consisting mostly in irrelevant theorising. Over the course of the history of philosophy its meaning seems to have shifted depending on the cultural climate. At some stages it was thought that the ideal state of human affairs could only come to pass when philosophers are kings or vice versa; conversely...
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...Humanity & Social Sciences Journal 3 (1): 57-64, 2008 ISSN 1818-4960 © IDOSI Publications, 2008 On Defining African Philosophy: History, Challenges and Perspectives Olatunji A. Oyeshile Department of Philosophy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria INTRODUCTION The definition of philosophy has remained a perennial philosophical problem and there is little agreement as to what it is. Rather, what many seem to agree on is the descriptions of philosophy, that is, what it encompasses which will provide the basis for our definition. In the same vein, it has been difficult to define what African philosophy is, rather most philosophers have contented themselves in describing what African philosophy is. According to Sogolo, “the controversy over what constitutes an African philosophy tends to dominate sometimes so much that it forms almost the entire content of the course” [1]. In this paper, the attempt is to say what African philosophy is, inspite of the seeming unending polemics in the sphere and practice of African philosophy. In doing this, we shall start by attempting to describe and possibly define what philosophy is. Subsequently we shall be in a position to define African philosophy by looking at the origin of the debate on African philosophy which was as a result of the charge of irrationality leveled against the Africans. Let us recall that many European scholars mostly anthropologists and sociologists in the like of E. Durkheim, Auguste Comte, James Frazer, Sigmund Freud...
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...|Eastern philosophy | |Vs | |Western Philosophy | |Compare eastern and western philosophy | | | |Kimberly Lynn Stachowski | | | |PHI-105 Introduction to Philosophy | | | |September 11,2011 | | ...
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...Running head: PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION 1 Philosophy of Education Exploring Different Aspects of My Philosophy of Education Brenda Jo Stone Western Kentucky University Author Note This paper was prepared for Teacher Leader 530, A70, taught by Professor Huss. PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION 2 Abstract The purpose of this paper is to define my educational philosophy so I may better understand the direction I take as an educator. The three educational philosophies I will investigate are essentialism, perennialism, and progressivism. The revelations I hope to disclose by this pursuit of fully comprehending my own personal philosophy of education will help me become a better teacher. It is through recognizing what compels my teaching methods that will allow me to see clearly the path I am taking as a teacher. PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION 3 Exploring Different Aspects of My Philosophy of Education There are three educational philosophies that I would like to explore deeper to better grasp where my own philosophy of education is rooted. I took the Inventory of Philosophies of Education and found that my responses to the questions lead me to determine that my philosophy of education is a combination of essentialism, perennialism, and progressivism (Sadker & Zittleman, 2009, p.186). These philosophies shape how I approach teaching, classroom management, group dynamics, and curriculum development. It is essential for me as an educator to understand what drives...
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...Women in Philosophy To start off writing about women in philosophy let me brief out on what philosophy is basically. Philosophy something that it’s a starting line for all the questions that need answers, need critical thinking to solve or trying to solve new concepts, basically humanity’s unanswered questions. Philosophy is a natural and true response of human being’s to the mystery, curiousness, wonder and uncertainly of life. We had seen and heard many male philosophers since ancient times till now. And many of them are very successful in their field and very well recognized. But why women philosophers have not received the same notoriety as male philosophers? I always get disappointed that why there are no importance for women philosophers in our society. If you search internet you cannot find more than hundred names, although women philosophers have also been contributed since ancient times. Even today, there are more men than women who teach philosophy in colleges and universities. Yet, women are, and always been philosophers, even if they don’t get credit for it. For example, Hypatia of Alexandria was the first woman astronomer, mathematician and a philosopher along with Plato and Aristotle. Simone de bouvior, an intellectual, existentialist philosopher and a French writer. Susan Sontag, American writer and a cultural icon and well known political activists. I call them history hidden philosophers because they were in shadows. One of the great philosopher is Agnes Heller...
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...The Branches of Philosophy Transcript S1: Hello, and welcome to another presentation in Philosophy 201: Philosophy and Contemporary Ideas. In this presentation, I want to introduce you to three major branches of philosophy, and talk about each branch a little bit separately, and then I’ll finish off by talking about some miscellaneous branches of philosophy that are kind of an overlap of those three branches. S2: The first major branch of philosophy is the branch of metaphysics. The word metaphysics means, ‘above or beyond physics.’ It investigates questions of reality and existence. But as the word implies, it’s not just simply the existence that we see or the things that we experience with our senses, but what’s beyond those. What’s beyond this real world that we see here? Why does it work the way that it works? Why is it here? How did it get here? Those are some metaphysical areas that we deal with here. We can break metaphysics into four sub-categories here. The first sub-category is cosmological metaphysics, and this deals specifically with the origin and purpose of reality. Why does anything exist at all? That’s often been called the first philosophical question. Why does anything exist? Where did reality come from? How did it develop the way that it was? What is its purpose—why is it here? Those are all cosmological questions. A second area of metaphysics is theological metaphysics, and this deals with the reality of something beyond the natural reality...
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...HZT4U1 Mrs. Faria February 13, 2014 Philosophy Reflection Essay What is Philosophy? Philosophy is more than simply a school subject, it is a worldview that involves complex and contemplative ways of thinking. It can also be considered as a hypothesis, the love of wisdom, law, equation, and major part of it, science and religion. As Socrates once said " philosophy is a quest for wisdom- an unrelenting devotion to uncover the truth about what matters most in one's life." As mentioned above, Philosophy according to Socrates is a process of proving the truth and validity of certain visual ideas. Philosophy branches out. To understand Philosophy, we need to know what makes someone a philosopher, which helps to determine analytic philosophy. Along with this, we need to understand the method of philosophy which leads us to the true value of philosophy. The study of philosophy is a discipline that develops analytic thought and, ultimately, autonomy. To understand philosophy, and how it leads up to autonomy through analytic thought, we must understand what makes someone a philosopher. in the article " What makes someone a philosophy" by Mark Warnock, she helps to define the subject. Warnock clearly defines a philosopher through her articles. She says "Professional recognition is unimportant: what matters is that a philosopher is someone who thinks at a high level of generality, has 'explanatory ambition' and most importantly, provides arguments in support of his or her views. these...
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...It is normal to underestimate the power of philosophy. It is a social science that has lost influence in the 21st Century because many do not understand how this science can help humans achieve true happiness. Though philosophy is a heavy subject, it is the science with the most results regarding human nature and knowledge. Philosophy offers guidance to understand human behavior as well as to question our presence and our real role in society. It is one of the leading social sciences because many world leaders have tried to grasp it and understand the meaning of it thus showing how important it is to study philosophy. Nevertheless, not only should world leaders study philosophy but also everyone should be aware of the different philosophical teachings in order to differentiate well from wrongdoing. It is no surprise that philosophers understood ethics and politics before others, therefore showing the depth and practicality of philosophy as well as defining academia. Philosophy should not only be considered a social science but also a lifestyle; to better explain, philosophy is applicable in the daily routine as well as in the professional world making it both a theoretical and pragmatic. As a lifestyle, philosophers focused on how philosophy could be applicable to the daily life to improve one’s being. One of the main philosophies, still applicable today, and serves as guide for those looking for a healthier life is Confucianism. This philosophical ideology analyzes ethics,...
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...nothing about scientists who try to explain something will not give up until they find an answer. The same is true for ultimate questions; “the thirst for truthful answers to them is so deeply rooted in the human heart that ignoring them would cast our existence in leopard.” There are different kinds of truths “most depend on immediate evidence confirmed by experimentation, philosophical truth obtained by the speculative power of the human intellectual finally the religious truths of the different religions traditions to some degree grounded in philosophy.” Philosophical truths are not the domain women direct their lives according to their own philosophies. At this point the question about the link between faith and reason (philosophy and religion, philosophy and Jesus Christ) is asked. WHAT OTHER PEOPLE COMMENT ABOUT THE LINK BETWEEN FAITH AND REASON. Before venturing into this one thing has to be noted about philosophy “human beings do not live alone: born into a family they enter a...
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