...Throughout history, research in the physical sciences has often been limited by our abilities of safely observing and studying the very phenomenon in question. As we make technological progress, we have increasingly more tools to expand our observational capabilities. Write a three to five (3-5) page paper in which you: Part 1: Procedures in the Physical Sciences: Challenges in Measurements •Identify three (3) specific challenges to making direct measurements in the fields of astronomy, chemistry, physics, or earth science. Describe how scientists have utilized indirect forms of measure to overcome these challenges. 2. Choose two (2) of the most historically influential tools or techniques in the physical sciences. Explain how these techniques or tools work, and how they helped to advance our understanding of the physical sciences. Part 2: Procedures in the Physical Sciences: A Survey of Safety 3. Choose one (1) hazard associated with research in the physical sciences. Discuss how protective gear or equipment might be used to mitigate the hazard, as well as its efficacy. 4. Describe the ways in which advancements in the physical sciences might impact the safety of the global community. Assess any special considerations for regulating this research. Part 3: Documentation 5. Use at least four (4) quality resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and similar Websites do not qualify as quality resources. The body of the paper must have in-text citations...
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...Information practices in the physical sciences december 2011 Acknowledgements This report was the result of a collaborative effort between the Research Information Network, the Institute of Physics, Institute of Physics Publishing and the Royal Astronomical Society. They would like to thank the study authors at the 1) Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford, 2) Department of Information Systems, London School of Economics, 3) UCL Centre for Digital Humanities and the Department of Information Studies, University College, London, 4) e-Humanities Group, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts & Sciences (KNAW) and Maastricht University, and 5) Oxford e-Research Centre (OeRC), University of Oxford. The main authors for this report are: Eric T. Meyer, Monica Bulger, Avgousta Kyriakidou-Zacharoudiou, Lucy Power, Peter Williams, Will Venters, Melissa Terras, Sally Wyatt. For the full acknowledgements, please see the project website: www.rin.ac.uk/phys-sci-case contents executive summary Overview method cases Tools and practices of information Information sources 68 69 77 78 4 4 4 4 research software dissemination complexity conclusion and recommendations Information retrieval Information and data management data analysis citation practices dissemination practices collaboration Transformations in practice New questions New technologies recommendations 79 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 88 90 91 92 Glossary Information in the physical sciences background and related...
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...Latin Documentum meaning lesson - the verb doceō means to teach, and is pronounced similarly, in the past it was usually used as a term for a written proof used as evidence. In the computer age, a document is usually used to describe a primarily textual file, along with its structure and design, such as fonts, colors and additional images. The modern term 'document' can no longer be defined by its transmission medium (such as paper), following the existence ofelectronic documents. 'Documentation' has more meanings than a written or drawn presentation of thoughts. The formal term 'document' is defined in Library and information science and in documentation science, as a basic theoretical construct. It is everything which may be preserved or represented in order to serve as evidence for some purpose. The classical example provided by Suzanne Briet is an antelope: "An antelope running wild on the plains of Africa should not be considered a document, she rules. But if it were to be captured, taken to a zoo and made an object of study, it has been made into a document. It has become physical evidence being used by those who study it. Indeed, scholarly articles written about the antelope are secondary documents, since the antelope itself is the primary document." (Quoted from Buckland, 1998 [1]). (This view has been seen as an early expression of what now is known as actor–network theory). Contents [hide] * 1 The document concept * 1.1 Examples * 2 Types of documents * 3 Developing...
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...Originating from the Latin Documentum meaning lesson - the verb doceō means to teach, and is pronounced similarly, in the past it was usually used as a term for a written proof used as evidence. In the computer age, a document is usually used to describe a primarily textual file, along with its structure and design, such as fonts, colors and additional images. The modern term 'document' can no longer be defined by its transmission medium (such as paper), following the existence of electronic documents. The formal term 'document' is defined in Library and information science and in documentation science, as a basic theoretical construct. It is everything which may be preserved or represented in order to serve as evidence for some purpose. The classical example provided by Suzanne Briet is an antelope: "An antelope running wild on the plains of Africa should not be considered a document, she rules. But if it were to be captured, taken to a zoo and made an object of study, it has been made into a document. It has become physical evidence being used by those who study it. Indeed, scholarly articles written about the antelope are secondary documents, since the antelope itself is the primary document." (Quoted from Buckland, 1998 [1]). (This view has been seen as an early expression of what now is known as actor–network theory). Contents [hide] 1 The document concept 2 Types of documents 3 Developing documents 4 History 5 In law 6 See also 7...
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...This paper will discuss how physical science and biomedical applications apply to health information technology. My career field is information technology in a hospital environment. Biomedical applications and health technology help users at all of our facilities do their job and perform more efficiently. The focus of this paper will help look at the progression of biomedicine with technology and how health information technology is becoming a new technology in the sight of health care. I will follow the plan of introducing biomedicine then follow up with health information technology as a new technology research. I will also talk about the advancements that have come about as a result of new technologies. Biomedicine is described as “The application of the principles of the natural sciences, especially biology and physiology, to clinical medicine.”(Biomedicine) Biomedical applications are applications that service the need for biomedicine. Examples can be seen in software where the applications help physicians do their job more efficiently. There are EKG machines, devices that monitor glucose as well as other medical functions of the body. The biomedical studies themselves have shown the improvement in technology and what we can see in cell structures. For example some studies have shown that stem cells found in breast milk can turn into several different cell types, like bone, brain, live and pancreatic cells.(Stem Cells from Breast Milk) It can show as...
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...This Study aimed at finding out the effects of Activity Based Method (ABM) of teaching on student’s achievement in physical science. The study is experimental. The target population comprised of class X students of Lakshipari High School of Paschim Medinipur District. The students were taught the same topic of “Nature & uses of Normal salt and cupric sulphate”. The Students are divided into two equivalent groups (experimental and control). In the experimental groups ABM was used while Traditional Lecture method (TLM) was used in the control group. The instrument used in the study was Physical Science Achievement Test (PAT) to measure student’s achievement. Data was analysed using mean, SD & t-test. The results of the Study Show that ABM of...
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...according to the number of primary research articles they publish in Nature journals. Nature and its family of Nature-branded sister journals is world-renowned as the pre-eminent platform for publication of the very best international research, and it is fitting that this portfolio of high quality journals serve as a benchmark for research success and achievement. There are many ways to assess the research output of institutions, and the Nature Publishing Index is just one that should be used alongside many. Users can drill down to find the abstracts of individual papers that make up the Index allowing deep analysis of where some of the best research across a broad range of fields is coming from. However, there are caveats that must be applied in interpreting the Index. For instance, Nature journals, although covering a broad spectrum of basic research in the life sciences, physical and chemical sciences, provide relatively limited coverage of applied sciences, engineering and clinical medicine. The Index should therefore be viewed as primarily an index of high quality basic and not applied research (although there are exceptions such as the journal Nature Photonics, based in Tokyo, which covers both domains). Corrected count The corrected count is a score that takes into account the number of affiliated institutions per author and the percentage of authors per institution. It is a decimal fraction up to a maximum of one calculated for each paper for a given institution or country...
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...Systems Research and Behavioral Science Syst. Res. 15, 365–372 (1998) & Research Paper Evolution and Thermodynamics: The New Paradigm{ Jeffrey S. Wicken* Department of Biochemistry, Penn State University, Erie, Pennsylvania, USA This paper introduces the new evolutionary paradigm born of the synthesis of Darwinism and thermodynamics. It also introduces this volume, whose theme is the integration of life and social process with physical law. The sense of this expansion is as follows: Darwinism has come under intense scrutiny in recent years, from several fields. These range from statistical mechanics to developmental biology. In this paper, I will discuss the direction the revision of the Darwinian program is taking through thermodynamics, which is the science of irreversible process and self-organization. My objective is to show the coherence of life with the rest of nature. # 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Keywords evolution; emergence; thermodynamics INTRODUCTION Evolutionary theory is presently undergoing the kind of massive conceptual restructuring that marked the two great scientific revolutions of our century: relativity and quantum mechanics. Like those two revolutions, the one occurring in evolutionary theory has tremendous practical and epistemological implications for understanding, and dealing with, nature. Much is dissonant in the Darwinian world. The ecological relationality of life had, from the time of Aristotle, suggested a functional order of nature...
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...scientific style of technicality similar to writing in the “hard” or physical sciences. This means that writing is formalized, distant from engaging the audience in a persuasive, captivating way and more aligned with a collective, standardized way of presenting scientific information. Psychology however, is unique in that it is both a “hard” and a “soft” science, because of the breadth of topics covered under this discipline, technical writing can range from being an easily apprehended read to hyper-specific academic jargon filled writing only science heads are likely to understand. For example, the effect of tau protein bundles in the brains of patients who have...
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...Holism vs. Reductionism Anusha Gujjula Wilmington University Abstract The paper clarifies about the Holism and Reductionism. In order to take care of issues, at first the issue has been derived later the elements of that specific system must to be planned. As indicated by Churchman, (1979) there is a wide range of methods to analyze the complicated systems. Holism is the strategy to speak to the enormous systems as entire. Techniques have their advantages and disadvantages (Verschuren, 2001). Critical thinking is exceptionally essential, however it is additionally an extremely misconstrued science. This is the initial step, yet generally overlooked. At the point when the system is not doing the fancied capacity, then the issue is distinguished in the system (Churchman, 1979). Table of Contents Holism Vs Reductionism…………………………………………………………………………4 Reductionism…………………………………………………………………………………...4 Holism……………………………………………………………………………………….…5 Advantages of Holism on Reductionsm…………………………………………………………..6 Need of Holism over Reductionism……………………………………………………………….7 Conclusion 7 References 8 Holism Vs Reductionism Holism is referred as an alternate approach for system thinking, it’s not only identify the parts, but also helps in understanding the evolution of new entities from the old entities. So, Holism is referred as a better approach than reductionism in terms of systems thinking. Reductionism helps in detecting the parts, identifying the working conditions...
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...Academic assistance is the defined as an activity for teaching available for students in all subjects including science, mathematics, management, business studies, business and law and information technology. In the academic assistance, all subject related helps is being provided to the students to meet specific subject related queries. It is defined as a tutoring practice, which provides support to the students in solving particular subject related queries. Apart from this, this makes the learning process easy for the students through providing ready to learn or tailor made notes and helps in solving specific subject problems. Basically, academic assistance is the new method of tutoring by a large number of institutions to facilitate the students in their studies. Academic assistance encompasses all types of subjects from English to Management. In the academic content development, a number of subjects such as business studies, marketing, accounting and financial management, operations management, qualitative techniques, history, science, statistics, dissertation and its proposal development, human resources and organizational behaviour are covered. In pertinent to the given subjects, academic assistance is a kind of help provided to the students in developing particular topic related subjects content. Academic assistance is not only limited to provide a notes specific to subjects, but also it covers a full helps in completing the project steps such as authentic data collection...
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...INFLUENCE OF PHISICAL ACTIVITY ON CREATIVITY THE WALK TO INNOVATIVE SUCCES! Abstract This paper is an analytical review about the possible relation between physical activity and creativity. Relative new research studies show promising results for a possible positive relationship between walking or standing meetings and increased levels of creativity at the workplace. By creating a conceptual graph and discussing several models, the potential role of physical activity in the creativity process is shown and the important role of the organisational environment. Although future research is clearly needed, stimulating physical activity might be a useful new management practice to enhance creativity in companies. Entrepreneurship & Innovation Management Paper Introduction Artists, musicians, writers, have used body movement to help overcome mental blocks and lack of inspiration. Also, historical figures like Sigmund Freud, Charles Dickens, and Charles Darwin, frequently walked to find solutions for deeper questions and thoughts (Loehle, 1990). For example, Harry s. Truman woke up at five in the morning for a ‘vigorous’ walk of a mile or two, wearing a business suit and tie. More modern methods are also used by Steve Jobs who is well known for his walking meetings and Mark Zuckerberg who has also been holding meetings on foot. It seems that they all intuitively knew that physical activity may have helped them to find solutions or even enhance creative thinking. The traditional...
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...Name of Science: A detailed Comparison Between Milgram and Zimbardo’s Internationally Renowned Attempts at Ethics in Social Science Experiments David Baxter Park University SO220 Ethical Issues in Social Science Kris Reichart-Anderson 2 October 2011 Abstract For years many experiments have been scrutinized for their ineffective use or lack of establishment of ethical principles within their research. Zimbardo’s Stanford Prison Experiment and Milgram’s Obedience experiment were ridiculed for the lack of ethics involved. Although these experiments caused unnecessary harm to their subjects they also acted as the foundation for the establishment of the Belmont Report, which in itself, would change research forever. Ethics in the Name of Science Two very controversial experiments have been dissected a thousand times over by some of social science’s most amazing minds as well as the academic populous worldwide. Though the Milgram experiment of 1962 and the Stanford Prison Experiment in 1971 were entirely different, they both shared the groundbreaking task of identifying the affects of “Obedience to Authority” (Milgram, 1974). Both social scientists believe they had identified the possible risks but fell short in their attempt to alleviate any ethical repercussions. This paper will address the attempts made to ensure moral and ethical studies were accomplished as well as identify where both experiments had major flaws in their plans to ensure no physical or emotional...
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...PSYB4 Past Paper Questions Listed below are all of the available past paper questions for the Debates section of your PSYB4 examination. The specimen paper below is representative of what your actual paper will look like (2 x 4 mark questions and 1 x 12 mark essay question. Older papers (June 2006-June 2009) used to have Psychology and Science as a separate section so there are a lot of past paper questions on this particular debate. Now they are combined and you would be asked a mixture of questions from across different debates. Print off the copy of this document without the answers and use this to mark them and give yourselves targets for improvement. Specimen Paper Outline what is meant by hypothesis testing and explain the role of hypothesis testing in scientific research. (4 marks) [AO3 = 4] Up to 2 marks for definition/outline of what is meant by hypothesis testing, eg a hypothesis is a testable, predictive statement/proposition specifying the relationships between events or variables. Two further marks for explanation of the role of hypothesis testing in research, eg theories need to be tested by empirical studies, hypothesis testing allows researchers to refute or support a theory, the degree of support determines confidence in a theory. Credit references to the null hypothesis and falsification of a theory 0 8 Explain what is meant by the nature-nurture debate in psychology. (4 marks) [AOl = 2, AO2 = 2] AOl One mark for outlining the term nature;...
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...mid-1800. Before then, it was known as the domestic economy. In the 20th century the name changed to home economics and in 1994 to family and consumer sciences. Findings on the number of teachers and student in the secondary RE education indicated that the number of girls enrolled rose to almost 50% around 1959 from the 17% before then. This paper draws both theoretical and empirical literature in an attempt to unmask how family and consumer science education has addressed healthy relationship among youths in middle and high schools. Further emphasis is on the literature gaps that exist regarding this topic. Addressing concerns and problems using RE Kerpelman et al. (151-171), asserts that family and consumer sciences education is an important field that focuses on families, work, and their interrelationships with the aim of improving lives. At high school and middle levels, family and consumer sciences education play a vital rolse in the lives of the youths. For instance, the youths are empowered to have abilities in identifying and creating alternative solutions to common everyday challenges. Under this case, the author further indicates that family consumer education enables the youths to manage the resources at their disposal thereby being able to cope with challenging situations. Additionally, family and consumer science education at middle and high school levels is vital because of its broad range of contribution in the lives of youths. In coping with the everyday challenge...
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