Immunization act as one of the enormous achievement of preventive health care and is a dominant factor that divides the child health demography of the developed countries from those of developing countries. Immunization protects from the several dangerous diseases so in order to prevent these kind of life threatening diseases it is important to get the child immunized on the routine basis. There is the possible risk of every vaccination and it should be informed prior to the immunization as in specific there are lot of controversies about Measles Mumps Rubella immunization leading to autism. Therefore, this research essay will focus on the issues related to conflict of autism as a side effect of measles mumps rubella vaccine.
The PICO process is the method to develop a framework and answer to a clinical question using evidence based practice based on literature research. The acronym PICO stands for
P (Population/patient)-this addresses the specific population. From the scenario, it can be identified that the 11month baby as the patient or population.
I (Intervention) – intervention can be treatment, procedure, diagnostic test, and risk or prognostic factors. In this scenario the intervention will measles mumps rubella vaccine immunization.
C (Comparison) –not to immunize
O (Outcome)- is the effect of the intervention. For example, it is the risk that comes after certain comparison. Therefore, the outcome in the scenario is causes autism.
Hence, the question that was developed using PICO process is
“In the infants does immunizing with Measles Mumps Rubella (MMR) in comparison to no immunization leads to development of autism?” (Huang et al, 2006)
The result of this research is based on the different database and literature reviews with search based on the immunization in infants for MMR vaccine causing autism. Among all database firstly the research was done in medline with the keywords measles mumps rubella, side effects autism and the results was huge with 289 data so it was refined with the date than the result was reduced to 115 articles the most relevant with the research wore 3 of them. Secondly the research was done on chenille with the keywords MMR vaccine relation autism the result was 120 and in all those 2 articles were very similar with the topic that has been researched. Cocherene database was used as the third database for research keywords were MMR vaccine risk autism spectrum disease out these 2 articles chosen. AMED was the fourth database for the research with the headings infants MMR immunization side effects autism from the above research one article was finalized for the evidence to support the research that had been done. Lastly the journals ovid was used as the last source of research articles from the following database 2 more articles were perfect for the question that has been formulated using the PICO for answering the clinical question. These databases that were used for the research were the sources that could be reliable.
During the research, it was found that there are lot of dispute with the high range of public attention about the MMR vaccine and its connection with autism. According to Luke, Amy and Guy (2014) research conducted it was found that there is no any factors in MMR vaccine triggering the risk of autism. It also states that there is a high risk of getting the fatal disease like measles mumps and rubella if the children are not immunized with the vaccine. However, the research done in United Kingdom, Canada, Japan and USA showed that the risk of getting autism is equal with both the infants getting immunized with MMR vaccine and not getting immunized with the vaccine. The research involved a matched case study, in which researchers examined the vaccination records of 1,294 children diagnosed with autism or other pervasive development disorders (PDDs) between 1987 and 2001 in England and Waies. The data shows 78% of the children with autism had MMR immunized as to 82% of the other children such a small difference was said to be minimal. It was also been said that the age of immunizing the vaccine and the age in which the sign and symptoms of autism starts is same so it seems like MMR vaccine is leading to autism, which is not the case. Horan (2004).
In conclusion after all the research done in between the MMR vaccine and risk of autism it showed that there is no any relation with vaccination and autism syndrome. MMR vaccine is important in order to prevent the infants through fatal diseases condition but than there is always a possible risk factor of vaccination that should always be explained some of the possible things that infant can experience from the vaccination are fewer, rash and vomiting. However autism is also genetically acquired illness and the mothers should be made aware of this factor as well.