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Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in Literature: an Analysis of the Odyssey

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Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in Literature:
An Analysis of The Odyssey
The Odyssey is one of the most well known stories about war and its effects on the survivors. Homer goes out of his way to share the names and families of fallen soldiers for many reasons. The deaths in The Odyssey are exceptionally bloody and gore-filled, which allows the reader to vividly see the scenes depicted and understand the true horror that violence holds. The war scenes are particularly gruesome and filled with death. The only part of The Odyssey that Homer has left to the reader to venture in to is what Odysseus has going on inside his head. How did the Trojan War affect Odysseus mentally?
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that is triggered by a terrifying event. Symptoms may include flashbacks, nightmares severe anxiety, and uncontrollable thoughts about the event. PTSD affects most war veterans and has for as long as wars have raged on. Until 1980, when PTSD was first recognized as a mental disorder, people suffering from PTSD were deemed psychologically insane if they were deeply affected. When the Odyssey was written, there was no possible way to diagnose Odysseus with PTSD, though many signs in The Odyssey point to the fact that he would have. Odysseus struggled through many hard times and witnessed many terrifying things during his strife. He witnessed the gory death of at least six of his crew, seeing their skulls bashed open on rocks and their brains and blood smeared all over the cave of Polyphemus. A sight like this repeated over again multiple times would terrify any man. The deaths of his men would have added on to any stress that he would have received from being at war for ten years.
Odysseus’ isolation on Calypso’s island was another major contributor to his PTSD. He was forced by the gods to live on an island with a woman that he

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