Poststructuralist thinkers such as Derrida and de Man who outsourced from Benjamin’s works burst double opposition between original text and translated one evoking translators to be invisible (Venuti,1992, p6). Before the process of coming of poststructuralism into view, structuralist Saussure determined language as the examinable world of the symbols including the linguistic system and social structure. According to Roman (2002, p309), a language is set up as a system of signs and each sign is the result of the relation between meaning and word and a signifier or sound-image and a signified (referent). He also claimed that signifiers and signifieds are unchangeable but they can make sign itself by signifying more complicated fabulous signs …show more content…
The fact of interpreting the texts by the translators by replacing them with their ideological knowledge including familiar conventions, words, phrases and existing statements strongly suggests that a translator is not just a person, as well a subject being constituted historically and socially. Translators’ ideological knowledge assists them during interpreting the texts and simultaneously reduces the range of interpretation.
According to Calzada-Pérez (2003, p7), translators are people allowing their ideological knowledge controlled by ideological norms to manage their behavior. If you are a translator, you have to surrender the translator’s obedient role and ideological norms you are aware of. But it is a fact that the translators sometimes don’t become aware of ideological norms and factors dominating their translation process during the interpretation of the source text. Toury (1999, p18) defines the difficulties of determining the role of social and cultural factors that affect the translation process:
• One difficulty is dealing with the problematic question of to what extent the milieu of the translator has an effect on the workings of the brain or how socio-cultural factors affect the cognitive of the …show more content…
Conversion of ‘the linguistic equivalence’ to ‘functional appropriateness’ is called functionalism. According to Holz-Mänttäri’s ‘translational action’ theory, the translation process is perceived as a communicative act. In this perspective, translation is recognized as a process of intercultural communication and the result of the translation process is a text operating naturally according to the specific situations (Schäffner, 1998a: