...starting to evolve. I will then talk about the definition of parole and how it differs from mandatory release. Then I will go into probation, explaining what probation is and how it compares to the other forms of sentencing. Finally, I will talk about the definition of community corrections, and the different options of community corrections that exist. I will give my personal opinion on whether I think there are better solutions to the current parole process, probation system, and the community corrections options. Rehabilitation Rehabilitation is a form of punishment that really started to develop in 1945. This was the era known for using treatment, therapies, and education for criminals. Rehabilitation is act of restoring criminals to a proper state so they can be an active participant in society upon release from prison. According to “Wikipedia” (2013), “The assumption of rehabilitation is that people are not permanently criminal and that it is possible to restore a criminal to a useful life, to a life in which they contribute to themselves and to society” (para. 1). This is very important for criminals that are mentally ill, or have some medical issues. Sometimes criminals need treatment and education to assist them with getting and staying on the right path. A path for success and renovation. Parole Parole is an extension of a criminal’s punishment. Parole allows a prisoner to escape from the walls of prison into the civilian world while participating in some form...
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...The Function of Parole in the United States When the subject of parole comes up many things come to mind, such as who make the decisions to release inmates from prison, who is on parole, who supervises them and how, who sends them back to prison, does it work, is it effective, is the community safe, and so on. To begin, lets define what parole is. Parole is a method of releasing offenders from prison prior to the expiration of their sentence (McCarthy and Leone, 121). Inmates are screened for the suitability for release based upon the risk they pose to the public (McCarthy and Leone, 121). If for some reason the parolee’s performance on parole is unsatisfactory, then they may have their parole revoked and be returned to prison. Some people think that parole is a waste of time and that offenders should just be left in prison to do their time and that is that. However, other people think that these offenders have a chance at being rehabilitated with parole and can help them become better people. I think if some of these offenders have been doing well in prison and can be released early under supervision of a parole agency, then they deserve a chance to try and make their lives better for themselves and even their loved ones. This kind of a program could really help some of these offenders get their lives back on track and get them stepping on the right path again. Parole, however, is not for every offender. Some offenders may get released on parole, but do not end up meeting...
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...criminal justice system process. The ultimate goal for any convicted offender is to return to society a better person. There are several options in the prison system when it relates to a prisoners release such as parole, and mandatory release. Probation and community corrections are both options judges have at his or her disposal during the sentencing process. Current rehabilitation options, the parole process, the probation system, and community corrections are areas that often need to be reviewed or critiqued. Because the rehabilitation process is the most critical portion of an inmate’s life in prison, officials need to review every program to ensure its value and substance. Rehabilitation in Prison Each inmate will began the process in which he or she begins to improve him or herself. Rehabilitation is a programmed effort to alter the attitudes and behaviors of inmates and improve their likelihood of becoming law-abiding citizens again (Seiter, 2011). When a person is rehabbing, he or she is trying to obtain the personal qualities and character traits once contained before the life of crime. Some of the modern rehabilitation programs main objectives is to make the offender an even better person than he or she was prior to committing crimes. The origins of the rehabilitation in prison occurred during The Reformatory Era. This historical era was an environment emphasizing reformation that expanded education and vocational programs and focused...
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...Parole and Mandatory Release Echelle Lofton CJS 230 12/5/2012 Lester G. Julian Parole is “the release of an inmate, prior to the expiration of the inmate’s court imposed sentence, with a period of supervision to be successfully completely by compliance with the conditions and terms of the release agreement ordered by The Parole Commission.” (Parole, 2012) Parole is different from a mandatory release because a mandatory release means that you have served your sentence and are free. Parole is an early release, however, so there are certain guidelines that must be follow, such as having no issues with the law. If the parolee does not follow these rules, then they will be sent back to prison to serve the remainder of their sentence. Today’s parole and mandatory policies are not that difficult. After the parolee is chosen for early release and is released, they will be under some sort of supervision by a parole officer. The parolee has to check “in with that officer on a daily or weekly basis, depending on how the parole board and parole office setup the supervision requirements.” (2012, Parole and Mandatory Release) The parole officer that is assigned to the parolee helps them with getting into programs that will help the parolee get back on their feet. Mandatory release is also called “the max-out date.” (2012, Parole and Mandatory Release) When mandatory release is given, this means that the offender has served their sentence in full, and can be released completely...
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...Parole and Mandatory Release By: Eleanore Krzeminski CJS/230 Janette Nichols Parole has many different meanings to others. The word parole is the release of an inmate with certain conditions that the offender checks in when supposed to and follows all the rules until the time has been done. An inmate is released when the parole board sees a certain amount of rehabilitation and when the board no longer sees the inmate as a threat to society. Mandatory release is when the inmate has had enough good behavior before he/she is due for release of prison. According to the research that I have done to the current parole and mandatory release policies things have been confusing. From what I understand the current policy is that an inmate is to serve at least three months of his/her sentence before eligible for mandatory release. A person who is eligible for parole must serve a sentence of at least six months upon release. For a better solution in the parole process I think that parole should be based on the crime in which was committed. When you have inmates that go to prison for murder they have the hope that in so many years they will be eligible for parole. Parole should be for those who get sentenced to prison one time. When you have more and more offenders that go to prison four to five times and yet still seemed to get paroled out within a certain amount of time. References: Illinois Department of Corrections...
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...with an intermediate sanction, so offenders spend part of their sentence in jail or prison and part of their sentence under supervision in the community. Finally, there are sentences of death. For sentences of incarceration, indeterminate and determinate sentences are the two primary models used throughout the United States, although there are many variations for each of these. Indeterminate sentences blend the decision by the sentencing judge and a later decision by a release authority to determine the actual time served. At the time of sentencing, judges sentence offenders to indeterminate sentences, with a minimum and maximum amount of time to be served (for example, two to five years or ten to twenty years). After serving the minimum term, offenders are eligible to be released and their cases are reviewed by a parole board. The parole board determines the release date any time between the minimum and maximum sentence. If a parole board never grants parole, the offender serves the maximum sentence and then must be released. The parole decision and postrelease supervision in the community are described in Chapter 6. indeterminate sentences sentences that have a minimum and maximum time to serve; a decision by a release authority determines the actual time served within that range As the Reformatory Era of prison operations was initiated in the United States around 1870, many states and prisons began to implement the concepts of rehabilitation and preparing inmates for return...
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...require maintaining freedom. Parole is a convict granted conditional release from prison before the completion of the sentence The parolee must comply with certain conditions of behavior. After year of living in a tightly structured environment, never making a choice about food or clothing or schedule, an inmate is suddenly faced with the chaos, confusion, and demands of a normal life. Every convict undergoes prisonization, essentially the acculturation into the foreign society of prison. It’s necessary for survival within the culture, but isolates an inmate from the real world to which he or she must eventually return. The values and mores that allow for success in prison are directly counter to the expectations in the community. Upon release the offender returns into society and must adapt to new behaviors as he or she determines their daily schedule, adapts to new technology and changes in the outside world, and a different social interaction styles with people in their home, workplace, and community. Prison Rehabilitation is when a ex prisoner is release from prison and they somehow retrieve and rethink to commit the same crime they did to get themselves in prison. Prison Rehabilitation affects the prison and the society because the prisoner committing the same crimes over and over again and they are not learning anything from the first time when they entered the prison. Once a prisoner reenters a prison the prisoners that are remain in the prison might think it is cool to...
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...The key factors that are present in prisons are that there have been 9 different eras in which different systems were used to punish prisoners(Schmalleger & Smykla, 2015). Since 1985 to present times the Just Desert Era was the last and final era and is still being used. Under this philosophy “offenders are punished because they deserve it”(Schmalleger & Smykla, 2015). Also, it is not concerned with inmate's rehabilitation, treatment, or reform(Schmalleger & Smykla, 2015). With the new changes dealing with issuing the punishments occurring has cause for the prison's population becoming overcrowded which push for supermax and no-frills prisons(Schmalleger & Smykla, 2015). The prisons today provide inmates with the opportunity of different kind...
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...Parole and probation are what gives inmates in today’s prison system the drive to want to better them. This paper will break down rehabilitation in prison and the origin of where it came from. Also we will discuss how parole differs from mandatory release and how probation differs from other forms of sentencing. We will also discuss community corrections and what it means and furthermore, we will critique the current rehabilitation options and if there are better options or solutions that may be used in today’s prison system. Rehabilitation means "to restore to useful life, as through therapy and education" or "to restore to good condition, operation, or capacity". The thought and purpose behind prison has been, throughout history, to deter criminals from committing crimes. Rehabilitation of prisoners has been classically second to punishing them for their crimes. As our society has changed through various civil rights movements, the rights and treatment of prisoners has become a paramount concern for many people. Classes and rehabilitation programs have sprung up in nearly every prison in the US. These programs however, have not been adequate to rehabilitate prisoners as dire sentences are seeing decreased implementation due to the battle over prisoners’ rights. Rehabilitation as a concept in our prisons needs a massive revision. In conjunction with revisions to rehabilitation, the implementation of dire consequences for repeat offenders could act to further reduce crime. The...
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...Rehabilitation in prison it is a part of a process of bettering offenders and preventing them from further criminal activity and behavior. The goal of rehabilitation is to re-shape the individuals and prepare them to enter the society with a different state of mind and start a new distant from the crime life.” In modern penology, the real purpose of sending criminals to prison is to transform them into honest and law abiding citizens by inculcating in them distaste for crime and criminality” (US-China Law Review; Mar2010, Vol. 7 Issue 3, p15-29, 15p). In United States of America the correction system provides many programs that are designed in order to rehabilitate inmates. Some of those programs include religion related services like Bible study groups or religious congregations. The other forms can include art crafts, sports, found raising activities or prison work assignments. For those offenders that are struggling with addictions, there are drug and alcohol treatment programs that offer anonymous group meetings. Also, definitely as a one of very supportive programs is visitation with family and nonfamily outsiders. Parole it is a supervision that offender receives after being released from the prison. It is a similar to probation method of supervision when it comes to its conditions. Just like on probation, while on parole the convict has to obey the law, stay away from substances like drugs and alcohol and report to his or her officer until the parole is over. The word parole came...
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...to reflect penitently over their felonies and are therefore likely to transform or cleanse themselves. With time, discipline, and hard labor were introduced in the practice to be partaken silently. This, according to the reformers helped the prisoners to meditate over their felonious practices. The rehabilitative efforts have undergone various changes and currently, most of them assume a more community based approach. The common method employed in this regard pertains to parole. Woodard (2011) defines parole as the release of an imprisoned offender who agrees to established rules even though he or she has to be closely monitored for a given period. This release is provisional and allows the offender to serve the remaining term from within the community. This differs from mandatory release in different ways. Essentially, the parole boards have the discretion to either accord or deny the parole. This is unlike mandatory release that does not require any decision- making process. The rules for mandatory release are distinct, and its accordance or denial depends on the qualification of the offender. Russell (2011) also points...
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...Rehabilitation in Prisons Joseph Iadanza CJA/234 July 15, 2013 Christopher Marco Rehabilitation Paper “Definition and origin of rehabilitation in prison” Rehabilitation is the aspiration with probability of programs to restore the individual to a prior state. Theoretically rehabilitation is special programs that focus on the needs of the inmate to reunite with society. The origin of rehabilitation evolved from different ideas starting in the 17th century England into the late 19th century in the United States. The purpose of jail and prison were forms of rehabilitation by punishment. By the removing the offender from society punishment would be the form of rehabilitation. In 1779 Parliament passed the Penitentiary Act that made rehabilitation of criminals a functioning part of the prison system. When examining the following histories of parole, Transportation, Norfolk Island, The Irish System, and New York’s Elmira each mention the conditions of behavior as a term of release. In the United States, Zebulon Brockway took the ideas of Alexander Maconochie and Sir Walter Crofton’s in which he modified and integrated in the 1869 New York’s Elmira Reformatory. The theory was to humanize prison life and make prisoners fit for society (University of Phoenix, 2011). “Definition of parole and how it differs from mandatory release” Parole is the supervised early release of an offender from confinement. The purpose behind parole is the offender will serve a substantial portion...
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...Rehabilitation Pap CAJ: Introduction to Corrections . Rehabilitation Paper The goal of rehabilitation came during the middle of the twentieth century when corrections adopted a medical model, in which crime was believed to be the result of an underlying pathology of offenders that could be diagnosed and treated (Seiter, 2011). Offenders were considered sick and in need of treatment to prepare them to return to the community as productive, law-abiding citizens. Correctional agencies implemented a variety of treatment programs to improve offenders and to provide them with the tools necessary to be successful members of society (Seiter, 2011). The need for rehabilitation of offenders was emphasized by the Commission on Law Enforcement and the Administration of Justice, appointed by President Lyndon Johnson in 1966, which noted a need for “substantial upgrading” of the correctional system and its reorientation “toward integration of offenders into community life” (Seiter, 2011). Throughout the years, many processes have been created to form the rehabilitation process of criminal justice. This process has reached out to many offenders and their families by allowing them to return to the community as changed individuals. Rehabilitation has many different process, but most, if not all have been proven successful in returning offenders to the community as changed individuals (Seiter, 2011). Rehabilitation is defined as a return to a previous form. In criminal justice, rehabilitation...
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...Parole and Mandatory Release Tiffany Berkley CJS/230 March 16, 2012 Douglas Brinkley Parole is the release order agreement of an inmate with conditions of terms from the Commission. Parole is an act of a second chance of live outside prison under supervision rather than serving the whole sentence in prison. Mandatory release is when a prisoner has been denied parole at a hearing but is released on good credit earned. Parole and mandatory release has no different rules both are supervised and have to serve the sentence until sentencing is expired. Supervision of mandatory parolees varies widely from state to state—from the same level of supervision as other parolees to lower supervision to no supervision at all. Current policies of parole and mandatory release descriptions for a parolee is to report in person to the parole officer, obtain approval of the parole officer for change of address and jobs, and stay away from owning or distribution weapons and firearms also control dangerous substance. Make payments to the court for imposed penalties. In New Jersey Parole Board has a special parole policy that refraining from associations with people involved in criminal activity, attending substance abuse treatment, attending mental health counseling, and abiding by a curfew. Nationwide...
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...Rehabilitation Paper Zahra Howard CJA 234 Professor King June 14, 2014 Rehabilitation Paper Each day in the United States, the correctional system supervises over six million of its residents. Approximately two million people are in prison or jail, while four million are on probation or parole. With so many people under its control, a central policy issue is what the correctional system hopes to accomplish with those it places behind bars or on community supervision. A simple response might be that the purpose of these correctional sanctions is to punish the criminally wayward. Since the inception of the American penitentiary in the 1820s, however, corrections has embraced as an important goal the transformation of law breakers into the law-abiding that is, rehabilitation or treatment. At times, the goal of reforming offenders has been dominant; at other times, its legitimacy and usefulness have been challenged and its influence on correctional policy diminished. But even today, after a period in the late 1900s of prolonged advocacy of getting tough with criminals, rehabilitation remains an integral part of the correctional enterprise and continues to earn support among the public in the United States. To begin, probation refers to adult offenders whom courts place on supervision in the community through a probation agency, generally in lieu of incarceration. However, some jurisdictions do sentence probationers to a combined short-term incarceration sentence immediately...
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