...the product. Likewise, operations can constrain a firm’s ability to develop new products and make them more costly to produce. As a result, operations should be deeply involved in new-product development. THE NPD process is often specified as having three phases: Concept development, Product Design and Pilot Production/Testing. Products should be designed from the start for manufacturability. This is done by considering design of the production process as part of product design and utilizing a concurrent engineering approach. Concurrent engineering, uses overlapping phases for product design rather than a sequential approach. This will work well if an NPD team is formed with representation from all major functions (marketing, engineering, operations, and finance&accounting) to ensure cross functional integration. Concurrent engineering also works best if paired with a design oriented NPD strategy. This type of strategy as illustrated below builds on the consumer’s needs – a competitive advantage by means of staying ahead of competitors because the customer’s needs are accurately read and acted upon through the creation of new products. Inventory management is a key operations responsibility because it greatly affects capital requirements, costs and customer service. Inventories are held for many purposes, including cycle inventory, safety stock, anticipation inventory and pipeline inventory. A decision rule specifies how much to order and when. In the calculation...
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...1º Semestre Gestão de Produção Caso de Estudo “Quality Parts Company” Docente: Prof. José António Barros Basto Trabalho realizado por: Catarina Almeida – gei09044 Filipa Carrilho – gei09040 João Diogo Teixeira- gei09013 João Pedro Ferreira – gei09019 Izabela Roszak- ext12341 PORTO 2012/2013 Caso de Estudo: “Quality Parts Company” i Índice Índice .............................................................................................................................................. i Índice de Figuras ............................................................................................................................ i Índice de Tabelas........................................................................................................................... ii Resumo ......................................................................................................................................... iii Introdução ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Produção Lean e Just-in-Time ....................................................................................................... 3 Decisões da Gestora da Quality Parts Company (Pergunta 1) ...................................................... 6 Análise da Situação Inicial ............................................................................................................ 9 Pressupostos...
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...Using Teams in Production and Operations Management Marquita Jackson Dr. Laura Pogue Contemporary Business BUS 508 November 13, 2011 “Production and operations managers oversee the work of people and machinery to convert inputs into finished goods and services” (Boone 357). They must consider many factors such as taxes, employee needs, labor force skills and size, and economical transportations for materials and supplies, and the amount of energy services. These managers are responsible for planning the production process, selecting the most appropriate layout, implementing the production plan, and controlling the production process. Managers are also responsible for maintaining quality control and ensuring that goods or services that they provide meet the customers expectations (Boone 2011). General Electric is a major household brand that revamped and reformed their production and operations management. In 1890, Thomas Edison established the Edison General Electric Company to be able to bring together his various businesses. During that same period, a competitor company, Thomson-Houston Company, became a dominant innovation company. As both businesses expanded and grew it became more difficult for both companies to produce complete electrical installations relying solely on their own patents and technologies. In 1892, the two companies merged together and created a new organization called the General Electric Company. The first General Electric Appliance was an electric fan...
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...Brief History of the Production and operations Management function by V S Rama Rao on January 24, 2009 At the turn of the 20th century, the economic structure in most of the developed countries of today was fast changing from a feudalistic economy to that of an industrial or capitalistic economy. The nature of the industrial workers was changing and methods of exercising control over the workers, to get the desired output, had also to be changed. This changed economic climate produced the new techniques and concepts. Individual Efficiency: Fredric W Taylor studied the simple output to time relationship for manual labor such as brick-laying. This formed the precursor of the present day ‘time study’. Around the same time, Frank Gilberth and his leaned wife Lillian Gilberth examined the motions of the limbs of the workers (such as the hands, legs, eyes etc) in performing the jobs and tried to standardize these motions into certain categories and utilize the classification to arrive at standards for time required to perform a given job. This was the precursor to the present day ‘motion study’. Although to this day Gilberth’s classification of movements is used extensively, there have been various modifications and newer classifications. Collective Efficiency: So far focus was on controlling the work output of the manual laborer or the machine operator. The primary objective of production management was that of efficiency – efficiency of the individual operator. The aspects...
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...Competiveness, Strategy & Productivity Nicholas Deters Professor Ardy Management of Productions and Operations BSAB 420 11 December 2012 Abstract In our current society technological advancements, competitiveness, strategy and production are paramount in business relationships since technology advancements continue to gain momentum every day. Competition is what continues to enhance business strategy and production as companies strive to produce the latest technologically advanced product on the market while providing the best service for customer satisfaction at the lowest cost at with a high production rate. In the past few decades computer technology has been responsible for improved customer satisfaction and enhanced business production, spiking the level customer needs and competition between many businesses such as Ford vs. General Motors, Macintosh vs. Microsoft, UPS vs. FedEx, Import vs. Export as the list goes on forever. Whether the competition lie between an automotive industry or the computer industry, any company with a competitive advantage gains the ability to outperform its rivals, providing the ability for company growth and increased revenue. In the business aspect, competition continues to drive the market primarily by producing high quality products at a high output rate by using productivity and strategic road maps to aim for high goals and provide for further organizational achievements. Competitiveness, Strategy, & Productivity ...
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...Production and Operation Management Cheng Guoping Chapter 1 Introduction 1. Production System 2. Production and operations in the organization 3. Function and jobs of POM 4. Decision Making in POM 5. The emergence of production and operation management 1. Production System Production and operation management (POM) is the management of an organization's production system, which converts input into the organization 's products and services. 1.1 Production system model Inputs conversions subsystem output Feedback Feedback Figure 1 A production System Model 2. Common ground and differences between manufacturing and services 1.2.1 Common Ground: • Entail customer satisfaction as a key measure of effectiveness • Require demand forecasting • Require design of both the product and the process • Involve purchase of materials, supplies, and services • Require equipment, tools, buildings, and skills, etc. 1.2.2 Differences: • Customer contact Service involves a much higher degree of customer contact than manufacturing does. The performance of a service typically occurs at the point of consumption. Manufacturing allows a separation between production and consumption. • Uniformity of input Service operations are subject to more variability of inputs than manufacturing operations are. Each patient, each lawn, each TV presents a specific...
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...PRODUCTION AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT Key Performance Indicators or Measurement provides an objective basis for making decisions. Good measures provide a “scorecard” of performance, help identify performance gaps, and make accomplishments visible to the work force and the management. The following are the major categories of performance measures used at the organizational and operational levels of a business. Discuss the contribution of production and operations management in each aspect: Financial Market Share Safety Quality Innovations Answer: Performance Measure gives information on (1) How well the organization operates, (2) If the organization meet their goals or targets, (3) If procedures of the organization are in statistical control, (4) If their customers are satisfied, and (5) If there are required improvements on the organization itself. Financial - Financial Aspect measures the increasing of funds of an organization from its different sources, it also includes the reductions of cost and risks, and enhanced use of assets. It means that the organization has an effective and efficient Production and Operating Systems when scorecard reflects good performance. Market Share - Customer Perspective / Market Share contributes a great success in an organizational goal. To determine what customers want and then directing efforts toward meeting and exceeding customer’s expectations will be a good impact to KPI of an organization. Operations...
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...DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION COURSE DESCRIPTION: The content of this course is intended as introduction to the field of production and operations management. Production Operation Management [POM] techniques were initially developed for manufacturing organizations. However, as time went on, non-manufacturing firms have to contend with problems similar to those encountered in the manufacturing sector. Consequently, the scope of POM has expanded to cover both manufacturing and service organizations. It includes topics such as productivity, competitiveness, strategy, forecasting, quality management, product and service design etc. Learning objectives 1. To understand and comprehend the production and operations management terminology. 2. To develop certain quantitative skills, competencies, and points of view needed by organizations involved in the Input, Transformation and Output process. 3. To be able to adequately produce written assignment reports on operations management processes. CLASS CONDUCT All reports of assignments should be submitted on time. Class participation includes attendance, in-class assignments and participating in class discussions. Late reports of assignments and/or Late-homework will not be accepted. Lateness and absences will affect your grade. RECOMMENDED REFERENCES ✓ Books on Production/Operations Management (recent editions) STUDENT EVALUATION: • Case study presentation .........................................
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...EXECUTIVE SUMMARY — Despite a pressing need to do so, hospitals are struggling to improve efficiency, quality of care, and patient experience. Operational failures—defined as instances where an employee does not have the supplies, equipment, information, or people needed to complete work tasks—contribute to hospitals' poor performance. Such failures waste at least 10 percent of caregivers' time, delay care, and contribute to safety lapses. This paper seeks to increase hospital productivity and quality of care by uncovering organizational factors associated with operational failures so that hospitals can reduce the frequency with which these failures occur. The authors, together with a team of 25 people, conducted direct observations of nurses on the medical/surgical wards of two hospitals, which surfaced 120 operational failures. The team also shadowed employees from the support departments that provided materials, medications, and equipment needed for patient care, tracing the flow of materials through the organizations' internal supply chains. This approach made it possible to discover organizational factors associated with the occurrence and persistence of operational failures. Overall, the study develops propositions that low levels of internal integration among upstream supply departments contributed to operational failures experienced by downstream frontline staff, thus negatively impacting performance outcomes, such as quality, timeliness, and efficiency. Key concepts include: ...
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...Operations of an Organisation deal with the overall functioning of business effectively so as to obtain determined results within a specific period. Operations is mostly related to production/manufacturing where it helps to oversee, design, decide and implement actions accordingly. It is the same for the non-manufacturing based industries too. Operational problems may lead to disturbance in stability of business and may affect the growth of business. The operations of a Company are monitored not only by the designated team and the operations manager but also by the higher level employees of an organisation who overlook the entire scenario, anticipate the threats and opportunities and implement the same for progress of business. The operations of any business run on certain principles which form the reason of its existence, performance and growth. These may be termed as the pillars of the business operations and they are: 1. Vision and mission of the Company 2. Policies, structure and system 3. Investment, infrastructure and resources 4. Management and strategies Operational problems for example can be like wastage of resources, non-fulfilment of services within stipulated time, sudden breakdown of machinery in a manufacturing unit, lack of modern business strategies and ignorant management. An example of operational problem related to the hospitality industry would be the resources. Vegetables, spices, water and other ingredients required to make a dish are very important...
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...LETTER OF TRANSMISSION July 19, 2012 Moon Senior Lecturer School of Business, UIU Sub: Submission of the Report on “Supply Chain Management of a Retail Business” Dear Madam, We are very much glad to present the “Report” as a requirement for the course named Production Operation Management. We have given our sincere effort to complete the Report and we want to declare that this Report is wholly & attentively prepared by us. We will be always available to answer any question if needed regarding this Report. So, we will be highly obliged if you kindly accept our Report and help with your opinions and suggestions for its further progress and enrichment in the future. With best regards, B.M.Sun On behalf of the group ACKNOWLEDGMENT We would like to give my first thanks to our instructor, Mimnun Sultana, Senior lecturer of United International University. Our special thanks to Mr. Rashedul Hoque (Manager) of Anjan’s prepared this work with our best effort and we think this work will be very helpful in our future working life. We think it will help us to be a good supply chain agent. At last we are willing to give thanks to Mr. Md. Shaheen Ahmed (Director) of Anjan’s who gave us best support to prepare this report. We gratefully acknowledge the inspiration, encouragement and valuable suggestion received from the well wishers during the preparation of this report. We also gratefully acknowledge the inspiration, encouragement and valuable suggestion received...
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...According to the case study, Blackwood café is having a strategic physical business location. However, sometimes having such location will bring many problems too. Discuss and suggest some solutions for the problems. Based on the geographic location of the Blackwood cafe ,we can totally assumes that Blackwood cafe competitor is quite lots. Competition is a factor which places a business at risk for losing customers to the competitors. Competition can create stress to the managers and making managers making hard to choosing the “menu of the days” .For an example, Blackwood cafe changing their menu due one to two week to keeping up their operation to sustainable. This making Blackwood cafe hard to survive because maybe some of their customer prefer last week of the menu and causing them can’t get the promotion due to the menu has changed, this will causes they lost the favourite customer and loses their sales .In addition, competitors also making those small company hard to survive compare to big company .we can conclude that mostly competitors will cut their price beyond their edge due to secure their sales. Furthermore, competitor those who have better reputation which is franchisee will be well known to people making them easily to grab sales such as Secret Recipe, Marybrown, Fairy which was located nearby the Blackwood cafe. Besides that ,a highly competitive competitors will making workers to have stress. Stressful person can be cause by if the person always hit the sale...
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...Production & Operations Management Session 3-2 More on Processes 1 Outline Multi-product, multi-flow process analysis – So far: 1 product, 1 flow – Differing process times, yield issues, machine breakdown Big Takeaway: – Product-mix becomes critical in multiple flows – Implications in capital investment, scaling business, and risk management Calculating capacity when you have – Multiple flows • With the same processing time at each resource • With different processing times at a single resource – Yield issues – Machine Breakdown 2 Measure: Implied Utilization Implied Utilization captures the mismatch between the capacity requested from a resource by demand and the capacity currently available at the resource Capacity requsted by demand Implied utilization = Available capacity 3 Ex. 1 : Furniture Factory (I) Chair Assembly Line PC SC Paint Shop Inspection Table Assembly Line PT ST Stain Shop Four Products – Painted Chairs (PC), Stained Chairs (SC), Painted Tables (PT), Stained Tables (ST) Suppose Chair Assembly Line : 2 min / chair Table Assembly Line : 6 min / table Paint Shop : 4 min / unit Stain Shop : 3 min / unit Inspection : 1 min / unit Product Demand (units/hr) % of Demand PC 8 26.67% SC 11 36.67% PT 6 20.00% ST – – – – – 5 16.67% What is capacity/implied utilization of each resource? 4 Capacity/Utilization...
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...MZUMBE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF BUSINESS PROGRAM: SUBJECT: SUBJECT CODE: NATURE OF WORK: DATE: SCHOLAR: MBA/CM – MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION/CORPORATE MANAGEMENT OPERATION MANAGEMENT POM 5011 TERM PAPER 05TH DECEMBER, 2012 LOISILIGAKI GABRIEL LOIBANGUTI REGISTRATION NUMBER: MBA/CM/MZC/043/T.12 QUESTION: “An Examination on the Strategic use of Information Technology in Tanzania Service Industries in Achieving and Sustaining Competitive Advantage and Suggestions for improving their effectiveness” You are required to search the relevant research materials on the topic in hand and compose a report. Your report should critically discuss the issues of technological adoption on the use of IT practices by the consumers and business enterprises; In addition, your report should explore areas of strategic applications of IT by business enterprises, the challenges involved and suggestions for their improvements. Support your report with reference to case studies and /or examples of companies. i TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................................................... iii 1.0 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................1 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW ..............................................................................................................2 3.0 IT adoption concept on entreprise...
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...Brief History of the Production and operations Management function by V S Rama Rao on January 24, 2009 At the turn of the 20th century, the economic structure in most of the developed countries of today was fast changing from a feudalistic economy to that of an industrial or capitalistic economy. The nature of the industrial workers was changing and methods of exercising control over the workers, to get the desired output, had also to be changed. This changed economic climate produced the new techniques and concepts. Individual Efficiency: Fredric W Taylor studied the simple output to time relationship for manual labor such as brick-laying. This formed the precursor of the present day ‘time study’. Around the same time, Frank Gilberth and his leaned wife Lillian Gilberth examined the motions of the limbs of the workers (such as the hands, legs, eyes etc) in performing the jobs and tried to standardize these motions into certain categories and utilize the classification to arrive at standards for time required to perform a given job. This was the precursor to the present day ‘motion study’. Although to this day Gilberth’s classification of movements is used extensively, there have been various modifications and newer classifications. Collective Efficiency: So far focus was on controlling the work output of the manual laborer or the machine operator. The primary objective of production management was that of efficiency – efficiency of the individual operator. The aspects...
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