...Yoshino’s Essay Summary In The Pressure to Cover, Kenji Yoshino’s essay that was published in the New York Times magazine on January 15, 2006, he informs his audience about the term “covering”. This term was taken from Erving Goffman’s book “Stigma” which is about how people handle their differences and disabilities (34). Yoshino writes educated claims from his experiences as a Japanese homosexual. He introduces his audience to two different terms, passing and covering. Passing applies to an individual who hides the visibility of a characteristic, while covering is toning down the intensity of the characteristic (34). Yoshino approaches these concepts relating to his own identity. In the first paragraph of the essay he says the world is saying “Be gay… Be openly gay, if you want. But don’t flaunt.” This is where covering played into his life. He, and other homosexuals, are expected to tone down their homosexuality in order to fit into the mainstream. This concept applied to many others with “outsider identities” (32). People held themselves back from truly opening up about their personal lives in order to fit in. Being a scholar at Yale University, Yoshino decided to spend his time doing research pertaining one’s identity, called “mesearch,” and focus on the overwhelming pressure to conform that was being felt by many (34). He says that when he first came out he felt the need to follow straight norms, but didn’t know what word to use to describe this demand. That was when...
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...Environment of Business Abstract This paper is generally about the case analysis about the supreme court case Automobiles Workers v. Johnson Controls, Inc. based on the legal documents, such as the Civil Rights Acts of 1964, and Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1987. This case is focus on the primary prospective of the Pregnancy Discrimination between the employers and employees, providing the elaborate and personal comprehension of this case issues, and then describes the inspiration refined from this case. Contents 1.Introduction 2 2. Case analysis 3 2.1 The procedure of the case receiving 3 2.2The related legal document analysis 5 2.2.1 The Civil Right Act of 1964 (Title VII) 5 2.2.2 The Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978 7 2.3 The causation analysis of the supreme court’s decisions based on personal comprehension 8 3. The inspiration of the case 10 4. Conclusion 11 Reference 11 Automobile Workers v. Johnson Controls, Inc, 499U.S.187 (1991) 1.Introduction Presently, the employment relationship is becoming a hot-button topic among the public, protecting the employees’ legitimate interest detailed reform and implementation in the field of the law. This supreme court case is generally about the equal employment relationship between the employers and employees. It happens between the Automobile...
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...Motions for summary judgment [8] Jones proceeded under the simplified procedure of Rule 76 of the Rules of Civil Procedure, R.R.O. 1990, Reg. 194, and moved for summary judgment. Tsige brought a cross-motion for summary judgment to dismiss the action. [9] The motion judge found that Tsige did not owe Jones a fiduciary obligation and dismissed that claim. Jones has not appealed that finding. [10] The motion judge then reviewed the jurisprudence concerning the existence of a tort of invasion of privacy. He observed that recent Superior Court decisions have refused to strike out such claims at the pleading stage and that some academic writing indicates that that the tort may exist. [11] The motion judge concluded, however, that the statement of Cronk J.A. in Euteneier v. Lee 2005 CanLII 33024 (ON CA), (2005), 77 O.R. (3d) 621 (C.A.), leave to appeal refused, [2005] S.C.C.A. No. 516, at para. 63, is, in his words, “binding and dispositive of the question” of whether the tort of invasion of privacy exists at common law in Ontario. Euteneier concerned a lawsuit brought by a woman whose clothes were forcibly removed by police following her suicide attempt while she was detained in a holding cell. In considering whether the trial judge had accurately described the plaintiff’s privacy and dignity interests, Cronk J.A. observed, at para. 63, “[the plaintiff] properly conceded in oral argument before this court that there is no ‘free-standing’ right to dignity or privacy under the Charter...
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...HIPAA Summary Janine Yoder HCS/320 March 3, 2015 Lynn Bell HIPAA Summary Going to the doctors or hospital is scary enough, so they try and make it easier, so you are worried about multiple things. They work and take your privacy and rights out of it and have it protected. The Federal Act of 1996, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. This act is to help people be able to keep health insurance a little easier and protect our information from being given away. The confidentiality and security of our health care information, and it controls the cost of administrative in the health industry. You can go to the doctors and not have to worry about them sharing your information with anyone without your permission because of the HIPAA law. Protecting the patient’s rights is the number one priority when it comes to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). Even though, the cost of administrative, privacy and right because security of health care information and confidentiality. The implications for health communications, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) has different types. Civil and criminal penalty and violations up to but not limited to two hundred and fifty thousand in fines and up to ten years in prison. This information is crucial because you do not want to be giving out someone’s information on accident. Plus you would not want your information out there if it did not have to be. That is how people...
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...Should There Be Specific Anti-Gay Bully Polices in Schools First let’s be clear about definitions concerning this essay. Bully: One who is habitually cruel to smaller or weaker people (The American Heritage Dictionary 2007). An aggressive person who intimidates or mistreats weaker people, (Encarta dictionary, 2012). Bullying: The process of intimidating or mistreating somebody weaker or in a more vulnerable situation (Encarta dictionary, 2012). Bullying for this paper: Any act of harassment, intimidation, whether physical, verbal or telecommunicated (cyber/text) that makes a person feel demeaned, belittled, fearful, or endangered. Since doing this research I find that each article defines bullying in a different way. I believe that we need to have a definitive explanation of what we consider bullying on the whole. Although every definition centers on the idea that someone is being mistreated in some way by another person. Why is it surprising that we have children lashing out to the children that have bullied them today when this is what Americans have done since this country began? The Europeans came to this country and started to take over the land. The Native Americans very rarely killed one another, they simply counted coup. As the Europeans continued to move away from the east coast they decided that the way the Native Americans were living was barbaric and they needed to be civilized and Christianized. When the Native Americans refused to conform, the...
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...efficiency of its processes, systems, and staff. Initiating its business in 2003, NOC has always attempted to stay ahead of the competition with its creative and innovative technological advances. Currently, the company utilizes a homecare software product called Axxess. This is a web-based program that allows clinicians and physicians to provide safe and efficient care; while providing continuity. NOC has reduced cost and remained in compliance with its accreditation governing body through the use of this electronic records system. As with any health care organization, HIPAA is a huge factor in protecting all individuals. According to the US Department of Health & Human Services, “A major goal of the Security Rule is to protect the privacy of individuals’ health information while allowing covered entities to adopt new technologies to improve the quality and efficiency of patient care” (“Summary,”(n.d). Through the implementation of Axxess, NOC has proven to uphold security of protected information. “Doctors using EHRs may find it easier or faster to track your lab results and share progress with you. If your doctors’ systems can share information, one doctor can see test results from another doctor, so the test doesn’t always have to be repeated” (“Privacy,” n.d). “EHR systems are backed up like most computer systems, so if you are in an area affected by a disaster, like a hurricane, your health information can be retrieved” (“Privacy,” n.d). “The increased fiscal challenges...
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...Part A a) The issue of this question is that whether Charles should pay for the damaged milk tins or not. To begin with, we should discuss the elements of contract first. They are offer, acceptance, consideration, intention, mutuality, capacity and legality. In this case, we are focusing on the offer, acceptance, intension and capacity. The milk tins displayed by the supermarket are considered as a display of goods but not an offer in order to invite the buyers to make an offer. It is one of the examples of Invitations to treat so that this display of goods is a statement made to others inviting them to make an offer. Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain v Boots Cash Chemists (Southern) Ltd [1953] 1 QB 401 is the case to explain this concept. An invitation to treat is when someone invites other else to make him an offer. As a result, the buyer is the offeror and the supermarket is offeree. Once the buyer made an offer, there must be an acceptance to form a contract. That means if the buyer agree to buy, the seller agree to sell, then it will be a bilateral contract. The consideration of buyer is the goods and the consideration of seller is the payment. The definition of consideration is found in Dunlop Pneumatic Tyre Co Ltd v Commonwealth (1954). The contract will only become an offer when the person accepts the customer’s offer. In this case, Charles didn’t make an offer to buy the milk, so whatever reaction the supermarket has, even force Charles to buy, it can’t be...
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...social contract is one of our most essential foundations of our American political system. The debate of how much of our liberties needs to be taken away to ensure our security has been a long lasting one. One of our most iconic founding fathers, Benjamin Franklin, said, “Any society that would give up a little liberty to gain a little security will deserve neither and lose both.” When we give governments power, they will use them for their own self-interest and when needed for their preservation. In the last decades there have been many technologic advances and our government need to adapt to these changes. The Patriot Act was but into law because our congress believed it was the right course of action to protect our nation’s security. Nonetheless, The Patriot Act undermines one of our most fundamental civil liberties and questions the integrity of our American democracy. Six weeks after September 11, 2001 congress passed a new law named, The Patriot Act (The Uniting and Strengthening America by Proving Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001). After these attacks, the nation’s top priority was to defend its citizens from other acts of terror. Many politicians argued that these terrorist attacks succeeded because we as a government did not have the necessary tools to stop them. Part of the problem was that The Fourth Amendment required investigators to show probable cause of criminal...
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...In my topic proposal assignment I will be talking about Mass Surveillance and Civil Liberties Since 9/11. In the weeks after 9/11 President Bush authorized the national security agency (NSA) to conduct a range of surveillance inside the United States. I will now give a summary about how mass surveillance is such a problem in the United States. Before one can understand how mass surveillance is such a problem they must know what it is; Mass Surveillance is the surveillance of a large portion or the entire population in order to monitor that group of citizens. The surveillance is often carried out by governments or their organizations. Mass surveillance came into effect to help government and law enforcement fight terrorism, to prevent social...
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...Foreign Policies June 22th, 2015 Reading Summary 5 The Gulf of Sidra Incident of 1981: The Lawfulness of Peacetime Aerial Engagements: The Gulf of Sidra incident illustrates that aerial rules applied by individual states are subject to widely accepted norms, which requires the military aircraft to avoid using the first force during the confrontation with the aircraft of another state. The norm, however, allows the first use of force after giving the warning when it is necessary for immediate national defense. Based on this incident, the formulation of Rules of Engagements must be in line with internationally accepted norms, and to avoid breaking state sovereignty. The Shooting of Korean Airlines Flight 007: Responses to Unauthorized Aerial Incursions: Although there were many incidents of civilian/military aircrafts being shot down either accidentally or mistakenly, the international community failed to provide a clear list of norms, which resulted in a overabundance of norms. These norms created contradictions and confusing precedents. The attempt of ICJ to establish global norms has failed since the judgements of the court can only be effective if all the states are willing to follow the court’s decisions. The 1944 Chicago Convention is the most significant treaty which governs the use of airspace by civilian aircrafts and recognizes the unresolved conflict between acknowledging the sovereignty of states and protecting the passengers’ lives. The Role of the International...
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...Principles of Information Security, Fourth Edition Chapter 3 Legal, Ethical, and Professional Issues in Information Security Learning Objectives • Upon completion of this material, you should be able to: – Describe the functions of and relationships among laws, regulations, and professional organizations in information security – Differentiate between laws and ethics – Identify major national laws that affect the practice of information security – Explain the role of culture as it applies to ethics in information security Principles of Information Security, 4th Edition 2 Introduction • You must understand scope of an organization’s legal and ethical responsibilities • To minimize liabilities/reduce risks, the information security practitioner must: – Understand current legal environment – Stay current with laws and regulations – Watch for new issues that emerge Principles of Information Security, 4th Edition 3 Law and Ethics in Information Security • Laws: rules that mandate or prohibit certain societal behavior • Ethics: define socially acceptable behavior • Cultural mores: fixed moral attitudes or customs of a particular group; ethics based on these • Laws carry sanctions of a governing authority; ethics do not Principles of Information Security, 4th Edition 4 Organizational Liability and the Need for Counsel • Liability: legal obligation of an entity extending beyond criminal or contract law; includes legal obligation to make restitution...
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...Human Rights “The Essence of Constitutional Governance“ “Problems can be solved by the same level of thinking that created them.” Introduction * Human: (noun) A member of the Homo sapiens species; a man, woman or child; a person. * Rights: (noun) Things to which you are entitled or allowed; freedoms that are guaranteed. * Human Rights: (noun) The rights you have simply because you are human. * Human rights are commonly understood as "inalienable fundamental rights to which a person is inherently entitled simply because she or he is a human being.” Human rights are thus conceived as universal (applicable everywhere) and egalitarian (the same for everyone). These rights may exist as natural rights or as legal rights, in both national and international law. The doctrine of human rights in international practice, within international law, global and regional institutions, in the policies of states and in the activities of non-governmental organizations, has been a cornerstone of public policy around the world. * Every person has dignity and value. One of the ways that we recognize this fundamental worth is by acknowledging and respecting a person’s human rights. * Human rights are concerned with equality and fairness. They recognize our freedom to make choices about our life and develop our potential as human beings. They are about living free from fear...
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...A Summary of the Rwandan Genocide Rwanda: A Brief History of the Country Rwanda’s population of more than 7 million people is divided into three ethnic groups: the Hutu (who made up roughly 85% of the population), the Tutsi (14%) and the Twa (1%). Prior to the colonial era, Tutsis generally occupied the higher strata in the social system and the Hutus the lower. However, social mobility was possible, a Hutu who acquired a large number of cattle or other wealth could be assimilated into the Tutsi group and impoverished Tutsi would be regarded as Hutu. A clan system also functioned, with the Tutsi clan known as the Nyinginya being the most powerful. Throughout the 1800s, the Nyingiya expanded their influence by conquest and by offering protection in return for tribute. Ethnic Conflict Begins The former colonial power, Germany, lost possession of Rwanda during the First World War and the territory was then placed under Belgian administration. In the late 1950’s during the great wave of decolonization, tensions increased in Rwanda. The Hutu political movement, which stood to gain from majority rule, was gaining momentum while segments of the Tutsi establishment resisted democratization and the loss of their acquired privileges. In November 1959, a violent incident sparked a Hutu uprising in which hundreds of Tutsi were killed and thousands displaced and forced to flee to neighboring countries. This marked the start of the so- called ‘Hutu Peasant Revolution’ or ‘social revolution’...
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...Administrative Ethics Jeff Andrews HCS/335 March 18, 2012 Gail Garren, MSN, RN, CPHQ Administrative Ethics In administrative health care today, there are constant occurrences of ethical issues in the everyday behaviors. As health care administrators, we have responsibilities to ourselves, the organization, the patients, and our employees. The increasing information technology, which is the future, can be an ethical concern to administrators of the confidentiality of information on patients. Confidential information is private or privileged information, and should be that luxury. In health care, the confidential information that is stored into an information system, such as a patient health record, will need the ethical awareness, knowledge, and decision making skills of managing confidential information is the administrator’s responsibility. Managing confidential records will require the education of all staff within the facility. This would be the education on the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Accountability Act (HIPAA) and the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act. HIPAA and HITECH laws will be mentioned in this report as well as, an article from a local news station on a breach of patient confidential records, the issue and the impact is had on the population, the facts that are used to support the article and its solution, the ethical and legal issues for the administrative issue, the managerial responsibilities...
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...Phoenix Material Influences on the Constitution Table Write one or two paragraphs in each section. Include citations for your sources. Documents | Summary | What was its influence on the Constitution? | Magna Carta | Charter drawn up in the attempts to stave off civil war against King John in 1215. The Magna Carta gave Englishmen certain human rights, freedom of religion, reform of justice system and regulated officials. The Magna Carta limited the king’s power and created what we know today as parliament. | Freedom of Religion, a maintained justice system allowing men a fair trial, freedom from oppression and unlawful persecution, that not one man should lead a nation solely, but a group of officials, and checks and balances. | Mayflower Compact | Men aboard the Mayflower bound for Northern Virginia in 1620 decided to land in what we know as Massachusetts. They signed the Mayflower Compact to enable that crew of men the right to self govern and have equal rights. | First constitution signed in The New World, organizing a local government of an elected governor and officials to regulate laws, and taxes. Basis for self government. | Articles of Confederation | With growing popularity in the ideas of independence from England, the colonies needed a way to unite them but not take away individual state/colony rights. Written in 1777 but not approved by all states until 1781. | Gave the idea of a central government while keeping most power within each individual state...
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