...usually include key suppliers as joint problem solvers and with these problem-solving models to work with; the firm’s attitude towards suppliers may change from confrontation to trust and partnership. From the buyer-supplier relationship perspective, the procurement practice of the buyer is critical and acts as a window to nurture the supplier development effort. This article presents the result of a study on supplier development in the Malaysian automotive industry, which focused on PROTON, and its role in developing the suppliers’ relationships and development. This study indicates that PROTON and its suppliers’ development program plays a crucial role in developing and extending comprehensive support to its supplier’s firm such as supplier selection and appointment, development, match making, and promoting continuous performance development and improvement programs. Keywords: Supplier chain management, supplier relationship management, supply chain management, value chain, automotive industry *Corresponding author. Tel: 03-89467736 Email: abunaqib@econ.upm.edu.my 29 International Journal of Economics and Management INTRODUCTION In today’s competitive business climate, buying firms...
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...CONTENT NO. | PARTICULAR | PAGE | 1 | BACKGROUND OF PROTON | 2 | 2 | PORTER’S FIVE FORCES MODEL | 5 | 3 | SWOT ANALYSIS | 10 | 4 | TOWS MATRIX | 13 | BACKGROUND OF PROTON Figure 1 Global PROTON Logo Perusahan Otomobil National Berhad (PROTON) was incorporated in May 7, 1983 to manufacture, assemble and sell motor vehicles and related products, including accessories, spare parts and other components. PROTON produced Malaysia’s first car, the Proton Saga, commercially launched on July 9, 1985 by then Malaysian Prime Minister, Dato’ Seri Mahathir Mohamed, who had originally conceived the idea of a Malaysian car. PROTON’s main plant in Shah Alam, with an area of 923 900 sq. meters, was originally designed for a capacity of 80 000 units per year. In 1997, capacity increased to 230 000 units per year with the construction of the Medium Volume Factory, which is next to the Main Plant. Today, the Shah Alam factory is capable of producing 240 000 vehicles per year. Besides being shareholders, Mitsubishi Corporation and Mitsubishi Motors Corporation are also PROTON’s technical assistance partner and component supplier. PROTON has a total of 11 subsidiaries and 11 associate companies, which are involved in manufacturing, research and development, sales and service activities. In December 30, 1996, marked the launch of the Proton Putra, a two-door coupe, as well the production of our millionth car from the Shah Alam plant. PROTON made a major step in upgrading its engineering capabilities...
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...faced by Proton Car Ethical issues faced by Proton Car Now a day businesses are considering ethical issues as a terms of administrative compliance to cope with legal environments and following internal organizational rules and regulations. It is also true that following business ethics not only motivate employees but also help them to perform at their level best. The impacts of different ethical issues faced by Proton Car of Malaysia are discussed below: a. Rights, conflicts and responsibilities: While Proton car was established in Malaysia, they don't have the skill and technology to run this business swiftly as a result they hired technology and skill from Mitsubishi Motors Corporation. As the technological and knowledge shifted they started to produce on their own effort. This means, Proton Car Corporation is depended on the skill of the labor. So they must give them some rights to motivate them and increase the profitability. As it engaged in global business the necessity for giving the employee rights increased much. Now Proton car have 10,300 employees to cover up its activities. This essay is an example of a student's work Disclaimer This essay has been submitted to us by a student in order to help you with your studies. This is not an example of the work written by our professional essay writers. Essay Writing ServiceEssay Marking Service Who wrote this essayPlace an Order As over 42% of the equity is held by the Malaysian Government the employees of Proton car enjoy...
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...About Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI) Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris or Sultan Idris University of Education (UPSI) is a Public Institution of Higher Education (IPTA) which plays an important part in the history of our nation’s education. This institution grows in stages from a college to a renowned university. The growth of UPSI was developed through three important periods whereby it started with the SITC (1922-1957), MPSI (1957-1987) and IPSI (1987-1997). On May 1997, it was established and named Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI) located in Tanjung Malim, Perak Darul Ridzuan. Currently, it has two campuses mainly Sultan Abdul Jalil Shah and Sultan Azlan Shah Campus. It aims to be a prestigious university providing exceptional leadership in education, based on the advantage of broad experience and high level of competency in meeting global changes. UPSI is committed to making a difference in education through teaching, research, publication, consultancy and community services to achieve the vision of the nation. The name of UPSI reflects the symbol of excellence because this is the only university that specialises in teacher training and education programmes of study in the first degree as well as post degree levels. In its early establishment, there were only four (4) faculties which offered ten programmes of Diploma and Bachelor study. The faculties were the Faculty of Languages, Faculty of Social Sciences and Art, Faculty...
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...country‐classification system been in place, Malaysia would have qualified as a middle‐income country. Since then, it has continued to enjoy relative prosperity, initially as a commodity exporter of rubber, tin, then palm oil and petroleum, with total income rising at 6 to 7 percent each year from 1970 until 2000. As a result, industrial sector in Malaysia has been rapidly grow over the past few dacades. Industrial sector can be define as a category of stocks that relate to producing goods used in construction and manufacturing. This sector includes companies involved with aerospace and defense, industrial machinery, tools, lumber production, construction, cement and metal fabrication. Performance in the industrial goods sector is largely driven by supply and demand for building construction residential, commercial and industrial as well as the demand for manufactured products. When the economy contracts and consumers save more and spend less, activity in this sector drops because companies will postpone expansion and produce fewer goods. The industrial sectors are drawn for each contain a mixture of international corporations, national companies, entrepreneurial smaller and medium-size enterprises (SMEs) and informal local businesses. Each part of a sector may have different impacts and dependence on economics activity. In many of the examples, the process of changing performance in industry sectors has followed a common sequence, though the detail varies considerably between sectors...
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...MARKET SUMMARY Proton is the Malaysian national automobile manufacturer (Malay acronym for Perusahaan OTOmobil Nasional, 'National Automobile Enterprise'), which was established in 1983 under the direction of the former Prime Minister, Dr. Mahathir Mohamad. Proton Holdings Berhad, the holding company, is listed on the Bursa Malaysia. Based on technology and parts from Mitsubishi Motors, production of the first model, the Proton Saga began in September 1985 at its first manufacturing plant in Shah Alam, Selangor. Initially the components of the car were entirely manufactured by Mitsubishi but slowly local parts were being used as technologies were transferred and skills were gained. The 100,000th Proton Saga was produced in January 1989. Until the end of the 1990s, the car's logo featured the crest from Malaysia's coat of arms, featuring a crescent and a fourteen-pointed star. The new Proton logo features a stylized tiger head. In 1993, a model called Proton Wira was introduced based on the Mitsubishi Lancer/Colt. More than 220,000 units were sold between 1996 and 1998. Proton Perdana, based on the Mitsubishi Galant/Eterna, was first produced in 1995, intended for higher end market. The Proton Waja (Proton Impian in UK), which launched early 2001, is the first car model designed internally by Proton. By 2002 Proton held a market share of over 60% in Malaysia, which was reduced to barely 30% by 2005 and is expected to reduce further in 2008 when AFTA mandates reduce import...
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...MARKET SUMMARY Proton is the Malaysian national automobile manufacturer (Malay acronym for Perusahaan OTOmobil Nasional, 'National Automobile Enterprise'), which was established in 1983 under the direction of the former Prime Minister, Dr. Mahathir Mohamad. Proton Holdings Berhad, the holding company, is listed on the Bursa Malaysia. Based on technology and parts from Mitsubishi Motors, production of the first model, the Proton Saga began in September 1985 at its first manufacturing plant in Shah Alam, Selangor. Initially the components of the car were entirely manufactured by Mitsubishi but slowly local parts were being used as technologies were transferred and skills were gained. The 100,000th Proton Saga was produced in January 1989. Until the end of the 1990s, the car's logo featured the crest from Malaysia's coat of arms, featuring a crescent and a fourteen-pointed star. The new Proton logo features a stylized tiger head. In 1993, a model called Proton Wira was introduced based on the Mitsubishi Lancer/Colt. More than 220,000 units were sold between 1996 and 1998. Proton Perdana, based on the Mitsubishi Galant/Eterna, was first produced in 1995, intended for higher end market. The Proton Waja (Proton Impian in UK), which launched early 2001, is the first car model designed internally by Proton. By 2002 Proton held a market share of over 60% in Malaysia, which was reduced to barely 30% by 2005 and is expected to reduce further in 2008 when AFTA mandates reduce import...
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...Proton: Its Rise, Fall, and Future Prospects For Dato’ Haji Syed Zainal Abidin Tahir (Syed Zainal, hereafter), Managing Director of Proton, recent headlines such as “Auto Sector Faces Numerous Challenges” and “European Carmakers Zoom in”[1] were simply reminders of the challenges his company faced. Proton had been troubled by its declining share of the domestic auto market (Exhibit 1) and consequent dwindling profits and margins. Without taking into account the government’s R&D grant in 2007/2008, the company suffered three straight years of losses from 2007 to 2010. Its finances recovered a little in 2009/2010, thanks to the government’s “cash for clunkers” incentive programme, a MYR143 million (USD48 million)[2] R&D grant from the government, and some improvement in sales. However, its net profit margin barely reached 3% — very low by industry standards — and most of its performance measures lagged behind those of the industry leaders (Exhibits 2 and 3). The stock price of Proton’s listed parent, Proton Holdings Berhad (Proton Holdings Limited), had been substantially lower than its net asset value for several years (Exhibit 3). Because of its low market to book ratio and the heavy government subsidies paid to Proton, Mr. Syed Zainal was under tremendous pressure to turn around Proton’s performance. Adding further pressure, the changing institutional environment had exposed Proton’s inability to compete. Since 2005 when the government committed to reducing import tariffs...
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...R e se a rc h a n d Stat i s t i c s B r a n c h working paper 16/2009 Impact of the Global Economic and Financial Crisis over the Automotive Industry in Developing Countries UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION RESEARCH AND STATISTICS BRANCH WORKING PAPER 16/2009 Impact of the Global Economic and Financial Crisis over the Automotive Industry in Developing Countries Peter Wad Copenhagen Business School UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION Vienna, 2010 This paper was prepared by Peter Wad, UNIDO consultant and backstopped by Nobuya Haraguchi, UNIDO staff member, Research and Statistics Branch, Programme Coordination and Field Operations Division. Iguaraya Saavedra provided administrative support. The designations employed, descriptions and classifications of countries, and the presentation of the material in this report do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries, or its economic system or degree of development. The views expressed in this paper do not necessarily reflect the views of the Secretariat of the UNIDO. The responsibility for opinions expressed rests solely with the authors, and publication does not constitute an endorsement by UNIDO. Although great care has...
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...INSTITUTE OF DEVELOPING ECONOMIES IDE Discussion Papers are preliminary materials circulated to stimulate discussions and critical comments IDE DISCUSSION PAPER No. 120 A Flowchart Approach to Malaysia’s Automobile Industry Cluster Policy Akifumi KUCHIKI* September 2007 Abstract In this paper, we apply a flowchart approach to investigate Malaysia’s automobile cluster policy. We investigate whether the industrial cluster policy has been successful or not, suggest policy prescriptions, and propose a way to prioritize policy measures. Our flowchart approach leads to the following three policy prescriptions: (1) Malaysian firms should establish sites for exporting compact cars with automatic transmissions; (2) actors in the public, semi-public and private sector should work to upgrade skilled labor; and (3) the central government should promote liberalization and deregulation to attract foreign firms into the supporting industries. Keywords: Malaysia, automobile industry cluster, policy prescriptions, actors, deregulation JEL classification: G18, O18, R11 * Executive Vice President, Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO) E-mail: akifumi_kuchiki@ide.go.jp The Institute of Developing Economies (IDE) is a semigovernmental, nonpartisan, nonprofit research institute, founded in 1958. The Institute merged with the Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO) on July 1, 1998. The Institute conducts basic and comprehensive studies on economic and related affairs in all...
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...Team Case Report General Electric Medical Systems, 2002 University of Central Oklahoma BADM 5305 April 15, 2013 by Anthony Acquah Cody Buchholz Cary Cundiff Russ McNellis INTRODUCTION In 2002, General Electric Medical Systems Division (GEMS), was adjusting to new leadership and faced many challenges and opportunities. The company has positioned itself as an industry leader competing in an extremely dynamic, global market. Healthcare is a worldwide industry with many challenges due to the wide variations of service across national boundaries. The products and services offered are extremely specialized with customers including hospitals and clinics. The customer needs are specific to the design of the healthcare coverage within their country. Many of the industry trends require advances in the services GEMS provides. As we evaluated this case, we agreed that the most interesting aspect of the analysis involved the globalization and competitiveness of the healthcare industry and the opportunities for GEMS as an established, industry leader. The case illustrates the importance of formulating a global strategy and properly evaluating the theory of comparative economic advantage to maximize the efficiency of production and manufacturing. EXTERNAL ANALYSIS Five Forces Analysis Threat of New Entrants (Weak) With regards to the medical systems industry (MSI), the threat of new entrants is weak. Capital requirements to enter into and produce medical equipment or systems...
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...Coursework Assignment: Case Study Analysis of Porsche Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Barriers to entry that a new entrant will encounter when entering the global automotive industry 3. Value Chain Analysis for Porsche’s organizational capabilities 4. Porsche Business models 5. Recommendations on future growth options Introduction The case study is aim to using a different frame work to analyse and interpret the Porsche primary and secondary activities in order to find out the company resources and capability for each segment. The resources and capabilities linkage will develop the core competencies for the Company. In further analyse, we will be able to identify competitive advantage which help the Company sustain in the business and its competitors. Barriers to entry that a new entrant will encounter when entering the global automotive industry The global automotive industry is unique and it request high competencies to enter in the industry. The competitive and challenges environment have created numerous of barriers for new entrant to enter the industry. One of the greatest barriers is capital requirement. The capital requirement is extremely high not only purchase physical manufacturing plants, raw materials and distribution, as well as hire and train employees. In order to compete with the industry leaders, the new entrants have to keep up with the latest innovations. Thus, it is involve huge investment in research and development. It is...
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...What is the form of energy that is present in pizza that we eat? A) Mechanical B) Chemical C) Radiation D) Electrical Which of the following is not a unit of energy? A) Joules B) Meters C) BTU D) Calories What is the energy stored in the bonds that hold molecules together called? A) Chemical B) Kinetic C) Nuclear D) Thermal Which of the following is the process of breaking a large nuclei into two intermediate size nuclei? A) Chemical reaction B) Nuclear fusion C) Nuclear fission D) All of the above A woman moves a box through a distance of 10 m. What is the work done if the force applied is 10N? A) 100 J B) 50 J C) 0 J D) None of the above How many calories is 1 food calorie equivalent to? A) 1,000,000 B) 100 C) 1000 D) 10,000 What property of a small meteor falling from the sky causes a lot of damage when it hits the earth? A) High Kinetic energy B) High heat energy C) High Potential energy D) Explosive Chemical energy What happens to its temperature when a gas is compressed? A) can either increase or decrease B) decreases C) remains the same D) increases Energy possessed by a body due to its motion is called A) Thermal B) Kinetic C) Potential D) Chemical Energy can be created or destroyed. A) True B) False Correct answer(s): False In what direction does thermal energy flow? A) independent of the temperature difference B) From low temperature to high temperature C) From high temperature to low temperature D) in both directions What is the form of energy in a flying airplane...
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...The Evolution and Development of E-Commerce Market and E-Cash Azamat Nogoev1 Faculty of Business Management and Globalization LimkokwingUniversity of Creative Technology, Cyberjaya, Malaysia Azamat_nogoev@yahoo.co.uk Rashad Yazdanifard2 Faculty of Management,Multimedia University Cyberjaya, Malaysia rashadyazdanifard@yahoo.com Shahriar Mohseni3 Faculty of Management,Multimedia University Cyberjaya, Malaysia shahriar_mohseni@yahoo.com Behrang Samadi4 Faculty of Management,Multimedia University Cyberjaya, Malaysia behrang_samadi@yahoo.com Meera Menon5 Faculty of Design Inovation, LimkokwingUniversity of Creative Technology, Cyberjaya, Malaysia meera@limkokwing.edu.my ABSTRACT Given the impact of the Internet on all aspects of economic life, it can be regarded as a source of emergence of new electronic economy with an extremely rapid growth, creating new opportunities for Industrial and business activity, increase employment opportunities.Robust economic activity on the Internet or by using its capabilities led to the emergence of a new concept- electronic commerce. KEY WORDS Internet, electronic commerce, electronic payment systems. 1. INTRODUCTION Advances in communication technologies within the last decade of the twentieth century paved the way for innovations, promoting rapid globalization. The convergence of telecommunications and computer technology has given birth to a new business organizational system called the internet, presenting a revelation...
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...scientific it must be testable?it must, in principle, be capable of being proven wrong. Fact: A phenomenon about which competent observers can agree. Theory: A synthesis of a large body of information that encompasses well-tested hypotheses about certain aspects of the natural world. Law: A general hypothesis or statement about the relationship of natural quantities that has been tested over and over again and has not been contradicted. Also known as a principle. Evidence: which serves to either support or counter a scientific theory or hypothesis. Experiment: is a test carried out in order to discover whether a theory is correct or what the results of a particular course of action would be . What did Galileo do to challenge Aristotle?s belief that heavy objects fall faster than lighter objects? Galileo very carefully examined Aristotle?s hypothesis. Then he...
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