...Children Children’s pain is multidimensional with psychological, physiological and behavioural domains, which presents unique challenges in the assessment and evaluation. These challenges require close consideration of the child’s age, prior pain experiences, developmental, cognitive and communication levels. As nurses are responsible in the assessment of children’s pain, it is appropriate to know all methods, and techniques of alleviating this uncomfortable stimuli, thus presenting the clinical question; in children, how can non-pharmacological (complementary/ alternative) methods be more beneficial in pain management compared to non-pharmacological/conventional medicines? The purpose of this paper is to explore how non-pharmacological methods can be useful in reducing pain. The different variations of non-pharmacological interventions, adverse effects of pharmacological medication, economic factors and knowledge deficits related to nurse education of pain management will be discussed below. Non-Pharmacological Techniques Non-pharmacological techniques, or complementary therapies are considered as any intervention used for pain alleviation that are non-analgesics or other kinds of medications and can be used with or without pharmacological aid. To better understand how many of these types of procedures are effective on a cellular level, we must look at “The Gate Control Theory”. This theory proposes inhibitory neurons in the spinal cord regulate pain information to the brain...
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...etc, marked as crazy * Like all dissent, whistleblowing makes public a disagreement with an authority or a majority view. * Dissent, breach of loyalty and accusation. Is there ways to find alternatives in-order not to breach these things? * You could be harming something bigger by being a whistle blower * Most important question, whether the existing avenues for change within the organization have been explored * Whistleblowing should be last alternative because of its destructive side affects, only chose when all other things are considered and rejected. * Does it infringe personal or private matters that we have no right to invade. Animal Rights – 135-164 * 200 million animals were used for scientific purposes * in the name of improving the quality of human life * vivisection is to dissect it, to cut it and while it is alive * 3 major areas of science in which animals are routinely used * biological and medical eduction * toxicology testing for harmful affects for human beings of various chemical first tested on animals * original and applied research, including not...
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...documents. Thus, qualitative research uses words instead of numbers. This paper is going to analyze the planning and design of a qualitative research paper titled: Patient’s experience of pain and pain relief following hip replacement surgery, published in the Journal of Clinical Nursing on October, 2010. Research questions Although the research question or questions are not clearly labeled in the study, the research questions were as follows: 1) How do patients describe their experience with pain after hip replacement surgery?, 2) How do patients describe their pain relief following hip replacement surgery?, 3) How does pain affect patients after hip replacement surgery? Problem A research problem is “an area of concern in which there is a gap in the knowledge base needed for nursing practice” (Burns & Grove, 2011). In this research, it was identified that many patients undergo hip replacement every year and previous research has focused largely on the long-term effects of pain for these patients but not so much on their subjective, early postoperative pain experience. Purpose A research purpose is “a clear, concise statement of the specific goal or focus of a study” (Burns & Grove, 2011). The purpose of the research study was to describe patients’ experience of pain and pain relief following hip replacement surgery (Joelsson, Olsson, & Jakobson, 2010). Hypothesis A hypothesis is “a formal statement of the...
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...Can marijuana reduce pain in patients with neuropathic pain? Timothy Fichtler Professor Bekker Psychology 101 February 15, 2011 PS101S General Psychology Research Question: Can marijuana reduce pain in patients with neuropathic pain? Johnson, J.R. (2009). Study of the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of THC. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management The main purpose of this article was to determine what effect marijuana had on subjects with neuropathic pain. A key question the author looked at was whether or not marijuana use would relieve patients with advanced cancer-related pain. Participants were either given a placebo or marijuana in the study. Patients who received marijuana reported significantly greater pain reduction than the group that received the placebo. The experimenters used the pain Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) to determine the results of the study. Doctor Johnson concluded that THC from marijuana is very effective at treating cancer patients whose pain is not fully relieved by opioids. Future research should use marijuana in treating diseases other than cancer that cause unbearable pain to patients. Ellis, R.J. (2008). Smoked Medicinal Cannabis for Neuropathic Pain in HIV: A Randomized, Crossover Clinical Trial. Neuropsychopharmacology, Vol. 34, 672-680. The main purpose of this article was to see whether or not marijuana would relieve HIV-related pain in patients. Doctor Ellis wanted to see if marijuana would reduce...
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...horrendous medicinal side effects from treatment and illness, or break the law by self-medicating by way of marijuana. Medical marijuana should be legalized for the chronically ill as an alternative treatment method to painful and horrid side effects of current treatment methods that are in place. Marijuana originates from the dried parts of the Cannabis Sativa or hemp plant and is known by hundreds of street names such as pot, weed, and grass. The hemp plant has existed for thousands of years with archaeologists discovering hemp fibers that date back as far as 400 BCE (Henningfield, 2008). Marijuana used for recreation is used primary for its hallucinogen effects, whereas used for medicinal purposes it has been known to alleviate nausea, increase appetite, and decrease chronic pain. The effects of marijuana through inhalation or ingestion can be attributed to delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinal, or THC (Henningfield, 2008). The...
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...|Gender: | |J.F.C |20 years old |5’2 |55kg | | |History of present illness: |Past medical History: |Social History: |Family History: |Drug Allergies: | |Juvenile Diabetes Mellitus-Type 1 |None |None |HTN (both sides of my |None | | | | |parents-grandfather and grandmother) | | A. Current Non-Prescription Medication -NONE B. Current Prescription Medication |Name of |Purpose or Reason |Dose |Times of Day |Side Effect/ |Adverse Effect |Drug Interaction | |Medication |taken | | |Special | | | | | | | |Instruction | | | |Mixtard 30 HM |Insulin-requiring |Inject/administer |6:00am- |None |Hypoglycemia, urticaria, rash, | | |(70/30) |diabetes |insulin twice a |40 units | |diabetic retinopathy, inj site |--- ...
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...Background and purpose: Spondyloarthropathy (SpA) is a rare inflammatory arthritic condition misdiagnosed due to its presentation of similar diagnoses. The purpose of this case report is to demonstrate the physical therapist’s capability to differentially diagnose SpA with a thorough examination and evaluation of the clinical findings. Case Description: The patient is a 48-year-old Caucasian male who presents with pain and a progressive loss of mobility bilaterally in the neck and shoulders over the past two years in addition to a ten-year history of chronic low back and neck pain. The outcome measure utilized was the neck disability index (NDI). The physical therapist evaluated the patient for physical therapy, differentially diagnosed...
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...In “The Pain of Animals,” (originally published in 1989) David Suzuki’s subject is the pain humans inflict on animals by using them in scientific experiments, hunting them, and keeping them in zoos. Suzuki’s thesis is that we use animals for these purposes because their bodies, nervous systems, and responses are much like ours. This similarity between humans and animals means, however, that animals feel fear and pain just as we do. Suzuki’s main purpose is to convince us that it is immoral to inflict pain on animals. Suzuki develops this argument first by telling a story about his own changing attitudes towards animals. The “piercing shriek of terror and anguish” (p. 269) of the squirrel he hit with a slingshot convinced him as a teenager that animals feel pain just as we do. His experiences with fishing made him realize that humans, as predators, use animals without thinking of their pain. He began to question our right to use animals without considering their “pain and fear” (p. 270). Suzuki then gives a series of examples of how we inflict pain on animals in zoos and in scientific experiments the most controversial of these involves the treatment of animals that that are most like us: the chimpanzees. He cites from the experience of Jane Goodall and other experts on primates, to suggest that humans seem to think these animals are expendable: that they can be sacrificed for our selfish goals. The details about a film on the suffering...
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...MEDICAL PURPOSES FOR MARIJUANA 1 Medical Purposes for Marijuana CM 101 MEDICAL PURPOSES FOR MARIJUANA 2 MEDICAL PURPOSES FOR MARIJUANA MEDICAL PURPOSES FOR MARIJUANA 3 Abstract In the medical field there are many uses for marijuana, scientifically known as cannabis sativa. The main psychoactive chemical compound in cannabis is tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the plant is known to contain about sixty cannabinoids; however, most of these “minor” cannabinoids are only produced in trace amounts. Besides THC, another cannabinoids produced in high concentration by some plants is cannabiniol (CBD), which has been shown to block the effect of THC in the nervous system. (wikipedia.org) Many research teams from the United States to Madrid have reported findings of the beneficial use for cannabis. Clinical trial studies have proved that the use of cannabis in patients with HIV/AIDS, cancer, and patients that suffer from chronic pain has significantly improved their quality of life. (Ellis et al. 2008 op. cit.) Although clinical studies have...
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...The Purpose of Medical Marijuana Stacey Alvarez ENG147 Monday July 06, 2015 Myrene Magabo Abstract In this paper, this researcher explored books, journals, and websites, to find certain information on the purpose of medical marijuana and to question why patients are not allowed to use it all over the country. This work includes the story of a young girl and her struggles with seizures until she received the care she needed. Readers will also be taken back to the 19th century to see who first discovered marijuana for medicinal purposes. The literature review also proves that while there are some side effects to the use of medical marijuana, it has properties that relieve patients of their sufferings. The two major components of medical marijuana are also discussed. The Purpose of Medical Marijuana I read a story about a little girl who was getting brain damage from multiple seizures. Her name is Charlotte, daughter of Matt and Paige Figi; she is a true miracle child. From the time she was born until the age of two, she had multiple seizures a day and would last for thirty minutes at a time, if not longer. People, I am talking fifty seizures attacking a baby trying to sleep! By the age of 5, doctors and hospitals had tried everything. They were ready to put her in an induced coma, just so her little body could get some rest. Her parents were able to get her a medical marijuana card in Colorado. As soon as she took her first dose, the seizures immediately...
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...Americans addicted to prescription pain medication American Intercontinental University Presentation Essentials PRES111 Americans addicted to prescription pain medication Topic: Americans addicted to prescription pain medication. General Purpose: To inform. Specific Purpose: To inform my audience of the epidemic of addiction painkillers. INTRODUCTION 1. A deadly epidemic is happening at a rapid pace with Americans and pain medication 2. Reasons Americans abuse these medications. 3. General facts about the danger of these drugs. A. Physically B. Mentally C. Overall behavior 4. Review and conclusion. 5. Thesis: Addicted and overdosing, Americans of all ages are abusing prescription pain medications. People need to be better educated about the danger of these legal painkillers. Better ways to prevent the rising addiction among Americans needs to be talked about more often. 1. What are the drugs being most abused and the shocking numbers of death due to addiction? A. These drugs are known as opiates or narcotics. 1. Most abused pain medication includes, Hydrocodone which includes iodine, Lora tab, and Lori tan. 2. Oxycodone which includes oxytocin, Percocet, and Percodan. 3. Morphine and codeine are on the list as well. B. The shocking numbers of increase dangers from these medications. 1. 3.7 million people filled 21 million legal prescriptions for opiate pain pills in 2007 (Center for Disease Control & Prevention, 2012). 2...
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...enhancing care for end of life patient, including collaboration with physicians and surrogate decision makers or a power of attorney (POA), as well as pain management policies. However, all aspects of care for end of life patients are taken into consideration when determining which facet is most important. The group’s research consists of quantitative and qualitative articles focusing on transitioning to hospice programs, new measures of care, acceptance of death and experience of caregivers for the dying patient. According to the Journal of Health Politics, Policy & Law (2008), three of every four Americans do not fear death as much as they fear being in pain at the time of death. End-of-life care can be a challenge requiring the full range of a family physician's skills. Significant pain is common but is often undertreated despite available medications and technology. Physicians must overcome their own fears about using narcotics and allay similar fears in patients, families and communities. Drugs such as corticosteroids, antidepressants and anticonvulsants can also help to alleviate pain. A considerable amount of research has compiled over time to aid in reducing the amount of pain in the dying patient (Health Care in America, 2004). Side effects of pain medications should be anticipated and treated promptly, but good pain control should be maintained. The physical, psychological, social and spiritual needs of dying patients are best managed with a team approach. Home...
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...Suicide is man's way of telling God, 'You can't fire me - I quit.' (Bill Maher) Death can come suddenly in the blink of an eye or brought upon slowly and thought through. Death is very straightforward, it is when someone or something stops living. Although what inflicts the death upon someone or something can have a whole other meaning to it, maybe symbolizing something much deeper. My symbol ice-nine relates to my book because it brings death upon many people throughout the book. Although ice-nine was made for a good cause, to solidify mud it ends up bringing great pain and death to many. “ I opened my eyes and all the sea was ice-nine” (pg.392) This quote represents that ice-nine causes a catastrophic event that eventually kills everyone...
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...fitness and competence in providing health care services for the people of Florida. The Florida Board of nursing’s responsibility is to ensure that every nurse practicing in Florida meets minimum requirements for safe practice, which is the purpose of the Nurse Practice Act. In contrast, the Florida Nurses Association, which is a professional organization, purpose is to advocate for all nurses in the state of Florida. They speak on behalf of nursing in Tallahassee as well as before many regulatory bodies and partner with other organizations that share their vision to create a unified nursing advocacy program for nurses in our state. B. The American Nurses Association Code of Ethics influences my nursing practice daily. Provision 1 of the Code of Ethics states “the nurse practices with compassion and respect for the inherent dignitity, worth, and unique attributes of every person.” I follow this code with every patient and family member. In the hospital I work at, I interact with many patients that have different cultural backgrounds, lifestyles, value systems, and beliefs. I once had a patient with history of drug abuse, who stated they were in pain and had nothing ordered to relieve their pain, the doctors were hesitant about prescribing pain medication due to the patient’s history. As a nurse, I provide nursing services based on the patient’s needs, setting aside any biased or prejudice. So I called...
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...a concept, which is comfort. The next step is determining the purpose of the analysis. The purpose is to define what comfort means and what comfort measures are and how they are used in nursing. The third step is to identify the uses of the concept of comfort. This includes definitions of term comfort and a literature search. The fourth step is to determine the defining attributes of comfort. This allows for insight into the concept and includes the characteristics of comfort. Comfort can mean many things to many people. Comfort can be caring words, caring touch, warm blankets, pain relief or encouragement. The fifth step is a model case or a real life example of the concept that includes the attributes of the concept and a borderline and related case. The sixth step is to identify consequences and antecedents and consequences. The final step is to define empirical referents or measurable ways to show the occurrence of comfort. Purpose The concept of comfort is used frequently in nursing practice; however, it is not always clearly defined. It is a basic value of nursing care and interventions and is frequently described as comfort measures. A basic understanding of the concept of comfort and the definitions is essential in understanding its use in bedside nursing practice. The purpose of this concept analysis is to explore and clarify the meaning of comfort. A concept analysis gives the framework and purpose and is essential in analyzing claims of knowledge (Baldwin, 2008)...
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