...龙阳逸史 京江醉竹居士浪编 第一回 挥白镪几番虾钓鳖醉红楼一夜柳穿鱼 第二回 小做作见面酒三杯大铺排倒身钱十贯 第三回 乔打合巧诱旧相知小黄花初识真滋味 第四回 设奇谋勾入风流队撇华筵惊奔快活场 第五回 行马扁便宜村汉子判鸡奸断送老扒头 第六回 六十载都小官出世两三年浪荡子收成 第七回 扯嘴皮人前撇假清赌手段当场打死虎 第八回 烟花女当堂投认状巡捕衙出示禁男风 第九回 风流客魂断杏花村窈窕娘怒倒葡萄架 第十回 小官精白昼现真形网巾鬼黄昏寻替代 第十一回 娇姐姐无意堕牢笼俏乖乖有心完孽帐 第十二回 玉林园痴儿耽寡醋凝芳院浪子斗双鸡 第十三回 乖小厮脱身蹲黑地老丫鬟受屈叫皇天 第十四回 白打白何须破钞光做光落得抽头 第十五回 十四五儿童偏钝运廿二三已冠正行时 第十六回 趋大老轻撇布衣贫厌通衢远迎朱紫贵 第十七回 活冤家死里逃生倒运汉否中逢泰 第十八回 画招牌小官卖样冲虎寨道上遭殃 第十九回 呆骨朵细嚼后庭花歪乌辣遍贴没头榜 第二十回 没人心剑诛有义汉有天理阴报没情儿 叙 余友人宇内一奇豪也，生平磊落不羁，每结客于少年场中，慨自龆龄，遂相盟订，年来轶宕多狂，不能与之沉酣文章经史，聊共消磨雪月风花． 窃见现前大半为腌臜世界，大可悲复大可骇．怪夫馋涎饿虎，偌大藉以资生，乔作妖妍艳冶，乘时竞出，使彼抹粉涂脂，倚门献笑者，久绝云雨之欢，复受鞭笞之苦．时而玉筋落，翠蛾愁，冤冤莫控，岂非千古来一大不平事？ 余是深有感焉，遂延吾友相商，构室于南屏之左，日夕闻啼鸟，玩落花，优游山水之间．既而墨酣笔舞，不逾日，神工告竣，展卷则满纸烟波浩渺，水光山色，精奇百出，尽属天地间虚无玄幻景象．虽然，唾玉挥珠，还留待聪明才俊；焚香煮茗，且搜寻风月主人．寓目者适才以之怡情，幸勿以之赘念． 崇祯壬申仲秋望前二日新安程侠题于南屏山房 第一回 挥白镪几番虾钓鳖醉红楼一夜柳穿鱼 满庭芳 白眼看他，红尘笑咱，千金缔结休夸。 你贪我爱，总是眼前花。 世上几多俊俏，下场头流落天涯。 须信道，年华荏苒，莫悔念头差。 这个词儿，一半说着小官，一半说了大老。 怎么倒先说做大老的？只看近来有等好撒漫主顾，不肯爱惜一些钱钞，好干的是那风流事情。 见着一个男色，便下了心腹，用尽刻苦工夫，催到一年半载，决然要弄上手。 纵是那从来不肯相处朋友的，听他那一甜言媚语派头的说话，免不得要上了他的香饵。 若遇那一种专好卖了馄饨买面吃的小官，见了钱钞，虽是不肯放过，还略存了些儿体面，情愿把自己的后孔，去换别人的前孔，见了那样大老官，不必你先有他的意思，他倒先打点你的念头。 这正是俗语道得好，鸡儿换盐，两不见钱。 各自得便宜的所在。 如今就把这样的说一个来。 昔日洛阳城中有个小官，名唤裴幼娘。 你说一个男人，怎么倒叫了女人的名字？人都不晓得。 这裴幼娘虽是个男儿，倒晓得了一身女人的技艺。 除了他日常间所长的琴棋书画外，那些刺凤挑鸾，拈红纳绣，一应女工针指，般般精谙。 洛阳城中晓得的，都羡慕他，所以就取了这个名字。 年纪可有十五六岁，生得十分标致，真个是个小官魁首。 就是那些女子班头，见他也要声声喝采。 怎见是魁首处？捣练子香作骨，玉为肌，芙蓉作面，柳为眉，俊眼何曾凝碧水，芳唇端不点胭脂。 这裴幼娘却又有个大值钱的所在，晓得自己有了几分颜色，自有那识得的不肯放过。 ...
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...Decline of Qing Dynasty Qing Dynasty, 1644-1911, also known as Manchu, was the last of the Chinese dynasties. During the Qing period, imperial China reached its zenith of power and influence. The Qing dynasty lasted for almost 300 years, extended China’s borders farther than they had ever been before, and perfected the Chinese imperial system. After flourishing in the 18th century, it fell apart in the 19th. Like many complicated systems, it grew brittle and inflexible. It could not adjust as new problems arose. Bad harvests, warfare, rebellions, overpopulation, economic disasters, and foreign imperialism contributed to the dynasty’s collapse. One reason for the decline of the Qing Dynasty was that the rulers were actually Manchus and instituted many things in China which the Han people did not agree with - one was the practice of shaving the head but leaving the sides and a long tail required for all males - this practice was brought to China by the Manchus and the Han people saw it as an emblem of their domination by non-domestic rulers. Opium was also a major reason for the fall of the Qing Dynasty. Opium is a drug found in the Opium Poppy Plant and contains the major ingredient in heroin. The British were in possession of a very potent strain of Opium and illegally sold it to China. This cause most people in China to get addicted to Opium. This was detrimental to Chinese society because since everyone was always high on Opium nothing got done in China. Also when China...
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...Revolution The Qing dynasty was period of restoration because inexorable laws of decay that had operated on pervious events in Chinese history. Chinese and foreign style of combination arts were formed through many events were happened by other countries and Chinese revolutionary political issues. The twentieth century was great influenced of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution of 1966-1976. Due to this revolution, Chinese arts were totally disappeared by Maoist power. During the seventeenth century, the European was respected and admired Chinese principles of government filled the writings of the enlightenment. At this period, China had affected the thought, art, and material life of Europe (Michael Sullivan, 258). In 1601, the Jesuit missionary was arrived in China, and many officials and savants had been learned about Western art and learning. Although the literati generally ignored European art, but some academician was tried to mastered Western perspective and style of arts. The architecture of the Qing dynasty was affected by Western style of arts. Yuanmingyuan which is a palace that...
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...Moon Ms. Jana Russ World Civilizations: China 23 July 2009 What were the reasons which caused Qing Dynasty to fall? And why is that important? What was the opportunity that does China got a foothold in modernization? What is the last Kingdom of the history of China? The Qing dynasty was the last kingdom ever lasted in Chinese history. In fact, the fall of the Qing dynasty facilitated modernization of China, however there were three main reasons which caused collapse of Qing dynasty: Empress Dowager Cixi, Opium war and rebellions during Qing period. First, who is Empress Dowager Cixi? As the textbook “CHINA: A Cultural, Social, and Political History” by Patricia Buckley Ebrey said the Cixi was most powerful person during the self-strengthening period. To maintain her authority, she chose her four years old cousin after her son’s death. The record also said that Cixi was a skillful political operator (p.223). However, Cixi was sided with conservative parts which caused French fleet attack on China (p.224). So this was the reason why Qing got attacked from foreign forces which the dynasty gradually got weakened, so Cixi was one of the reason why Qing dynasty got perished. This was also pretty interesting issue that it was kind of opposite view comparing to Kangxi who lived to perceive the Qing Empire firmly established (p.190). Another big issue that caused Qing dynasty to fall was the Opium War. As the textbook by Ebrey, it said that by the late 18th century, the Britain...
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...How accurate is it to say that the spread of revolutionary beliefs was the main reason for the fall of the Qing dynasty 1911-12? This essay will be looking at how much of a contribution the spread of revolutionary beliefs in China had in the fall of the Qing Dynasty. In order to determine the importance of this I will therefore also be looking at other factors such as, foreign interference, double tenth and the inability to change. I believe it is partially accurate to say that the spread of revolutionary beliefs was important in the downfall of the Qing Dynasty; however it wasn’t necessarily the most important factor. This can be determined from the effects of Sun Yatsen’s anti-government movement in China. Initially, the extreme need for revolution and reform stemmed from Cixi’s need and desire for conservatism. Her oblivious attitude towards the failure of the government angered many people and essentially gave reformers the ammunition to spread their own beliefs. As previously mentioned, Sun Yatsen was one of the people who felt strongly about changing the way things worked in China. He was particularly open minded and due to his education abroad had adopted a Westernized style of thinking. Thus, Yatsen attempted to modernise and regenerate China by removing foreign control and reasserting their unique character and greatness by forming the revolutionary alliance in 1905. Within this, his greatest belief was that the only way in which China would be able to modernise was...
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...How significant was national resentment of foreign interference in bringing about the collapse of the Qing dynasty 1911-1912? I believe that national resentment was extremely significant in bringing about the collapse of the Qing dynasty. Despite this however I believe that it was not the only factor in the fall of the dynasty. I believe that other reason such as the failure to reform, and the unequal treaties were also vital reasons for the failure of the Qing dynasty. I believe that the fall of the Qing dynasty started with ‘the unequal treaties.’ It's hard to get by when the country you need goods from does not really need to trade goods with you. This is what happened with Great Britain and the Qing Dynasty. There was a high demand for China's tea in Great Britain but a low demand for Britain's goods in China. Great Britain was in debt with China and they had to do something to get out. As a result, they turned to selling silver to make the imbalance better. China couldn’t care less about Great Britain's silver so Great Britain was still behinds in payments. When selling silver did not work they began selling opium. China's people became quickly addicted to the drug and traded silver, originally from Great Britain to get opium. Opium was illegal and China wanted the trade of opium to stop. China tried to make new restrictions against foreign merchants and ships and Great Britain did not like this idea and fought back resulting in the Opium War. Of course Britain came out...
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...How significant was national resentment of foreign interference in bringing about the collapse of the Qing dynasty in 1911-1912? The national resentment of foreign interference was significant in bringing about the collapse of the Qing dynasty. Despite this, however, there were many other factors both internal and external responsible such as… The question is focused on the fall of the Qing dynasty in 1911-12 and the role played by nationalism and foreign interference in bringing about its collapse. Answers may refer to the failure of the Boxer Rising in 1900 and the subsequent development of a new nationalist movement devoted to the overthrow of the dynasty. In 1905 Sun Yat-sen formed the Revolutionary Alliance based in Tokyo which was strongly supported by students who had trained overseas. The Alliance carried out small and unsuccessful actions against the government over the next few years. In 1911 there was a backlash against the raising of foreign loans to pay for the nationalisation of trunk lines which led to the Wuchan uprising and the start of the revolution. Sun Yat-sen was elected President of the Chinese Republic but resigned in favour of Yuan Shikai in 1912. * failure of the Boxer Rising in 1900 yes The unequal treaties and the dependence in the wake of the boxer revolution are both factors responsible for the fall of the dynasty due to foreign interference. The war with Japan was followed by a series of treaties with the European powers...
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...The Ming Dynasty wanted to revert back to Confucianism because they wanted to get rid of Mongol traces, and Kangxi ruled with Confucius-like policies. Both dynasties also created irrigation systems. Although these two dynasties are similar in some aspects, they also have differences. The Ming Dynasty can be considered Chinese, but the Qing Dynasty is more like an outside dynasty because the highest positions were held by manchus, who were from Manchuria. This means that although the Chinese held high positions in the Ming dynasty, they did not in the Qing...
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...Question #1 Mao speaks of two “mountains” that have been a great burden upon the Chinese people. Please identify and explain what these “mountains” are, and how have they hindered the development of China as a nation. The “mountains” that Mao speaks of are imperialism and feudalism. Both have plagued the Chinese for hundreds if not thousands of years. As far back as the Ming/Qing Dynasties we see the effects of feudalism and imperialism. Let us first start with imperialism, by definition it is the policy of extending the rule or authority of an empire or nation over a foreign country, which the Chinese are all too well familiar with. The Chinese had been taken over by the Mongols and the Manchus during their struggle for control of their country....
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...The Boxer rebellion is one of the most famous wars in Chinese history. It took place in the 1900s, when China had lost several wars against foreign countries and Japan, they threatened the Qing dynasty to sign several unfair treaties, such as extraterritorial rights and immunities from the Qing dynasty’s law. China was just like nonexistent country because foreign countries were each ruling different parts of China. At the fall of the Qing dynasty, a long drought followed by several floods and aggression by foreign countries [History.com Staff. 2009]. People were suffering from hunger, unfair rights and poverty. As a result, there was hatred and xenophobic reactions among the Chinese. Qing Empress Dowager Cixi declared a war on 8 nations. [History.com...
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...Brief History of China Prehistory Mythical Era Ancient Era Imperial Era Modern Era Introduction Chinese civilization originated in various city-states along the Yellow River Valley in the Neolithic era A history of 4700 years since Yellow Emperor during the period of the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors; the written history of China begins with Shang Dynasty 3600 years ago when turtle shells with ancient Chinese writing were carbon dated in 1500BC Prehistory Peking Man Paleolithic – – – – China was inhabited by Homo erectus more than 1 million years ago The archaeological site of Xihoudu site in Shanxi Province is the earliest recorded of use of fire by Homo erectus 1.27 million years ago The excavations at Yuanmou and later Lantian show early habitation The most specimen of Homo erectus found in China is the so-called Peking Man discovered in 1965 Prehistory (cont.) Neolithic – – – – – – Stone Tools The Neolithic age traced back to 10,000 BC Early evidence for proto-Chinese millet agriculture is carbon-dated to about 7,000 BC Population was increased due to agriculture, the ability to store and redistribute crops and to support specialist craftsmen and administrators In late Neolithic times, the Yellow River valley began to establish itself as a culture center, and the first villages were founded Early history of China is complicated by the lack of a written language during this period At Damaidi site in Ningxia...
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...PRESENTATION – THE BOXER REBELLION INTRODUCTION The Boxer Uprising and Rebellion in 1901 further weakened an already destabilised Qing Government and was a key component in governmental change. After the first Opium war with Great Britain from 1839- 1842, China was coming under an increase in pressure from various foreign powers. Following the war, foreigners were given the rights to control trade, collect customs money and run the courts in dozens of Chinese cities, called ‘Treaty Ports’. China had suffered the violation of the powers, although once it was suddenly made clear that the country was defenceless against modern military organisation and weapons, this encroachment was flung into a scramble for concessions. This scramble intensified the already present Chinese hatred of the foreigner. Hong Kong was given to the British in 1842, Indochina was taken by the French in 1884, and Taiwan was taken by Japan in 1894 following their war success over China. Germany and Russia also started to gain influence throughout China (Salem Press, 1992). The Qing government, also known as the Ch’ing government, was heavily manipulated by the West. This led to the distrust and lack of support by the Chinese public – severely weakening the government. The Boxer Uprising and Rebellion during 1901 was a pivotal point in the eventual destruction and downfall of the Qing by Sun Yat-Sen and the formal abdication of the last emperor Puyi in 1912 (Szczepanski, 2013). CONTEXT OF THE REBELLION ...
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...The Last Emperor: Truth and Misleading In 1987, a film came into theaters across the globe about China’s last emperor. The Last Emperor, directed by Bernardo Bertolucci, shows the life of Pu-Yi from when he enters the Forbidden City at age three to become emperor of China, to his final days as a reformed man. The film, although it showed how China was during the Qing Dynasty in a fairly honest light, also had its downfalls. Many problems plagues the last years of the Qing Dynasty, such as the Republic Revolutions, opium, warlords, and the confusing relationship with Japan and it’s government during this time. These issues were either not touched on or barely noticeable during the almost three hour long film. The story of Pu Yi, China’s last emperor, starts with him being taken to the Forbidden City at the age of three. The Dowager Empress “arranged once more for a boy emperor.” (Morton, 174) Pu Yi would not stay emperor long, as he would lose that title in 1912 because of the Republican Revolution. Formed by Sun Yat-Sen, it was a revolution against imperial rule. This revolution was also largely a military revolt and the beginnings of a fast changing government. In the film this Revolution seemed to hardly happen. Although the young emperor was being protected from the outside world, it would have made the film more historically clear if this event was explained more in depth. As an important event during that was part of Pu Yi’s loss of power, the Republic Revolution should...
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...chapter gives us the story of what Hongli was like as a child and how he won the favor of the Emperor. The book follows Hongli all the time from his birth from a low ranking palace consort right up to the end of his life even after he technically gave up his title as emperor. This book explains why Elliott believed that Hongli was a great candidate for the emperors throne. It may be a short book but there are many details and side stories of interest that keep your attention and is not hard to follow or read. There is some back ground information given on what his father and grandfather thought about him and how important they were to Hongli in his development. The book gives some background information on what kind of state the Qing dynasty was in upon emperor Qianlongs arrival and how much work that was put into it by him. There are many details about how tight and busy Qianlongs day to day tasks were. It all started early in the morning and followed him through the day from 5 am till 8 or 9 in the evening. Qianlong is shown as someone who stresses hard work and demands the same from his staff that he puts out himself. He works this way till the day he dies and Elliott mentions that when Qianlong dies, he whispers that he is sorry he left so much work undone. Qianlong is shown as a hard worker but also as someone who enjoys the arts very much. Painting , travel and poetry are some of...
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...The 1911 Revolution was a significant event in Chinese history. It brought an end to more than two thousand years of imperial dynasties and the dictatorial Manchu’s rule. A republic was set up in China under the leadership of Yuan Shikai. It also marked China’s parting with the past. The Chinese began to turn away from Confuscious ideals and became more exposed to western influence. The creation of a western-style republic speeded up and extended modernization in all areas of Chinese city life and culture. Also, the international status of China had increased after 1911. It seemed that China had changed a lot after 1911. However, many things remained the same as before. The 1911 revolution developed China in many ways, bringing down the Manchu Dynasty was most important. “such was the decline in support for the Manchu government that the last years of its life between 1908and 1911may be fairly described as a revolution waiting to happen”( page 19 Lynch) This end to 2,000 years of Imperial rule was most significant, as it was the Manchu's, who were seen as the roadblock to reform and the development of China. Throughout Chinese history, old dynasties had been overthrown or replaced by new dynasties. However the 1911 revolution was the first to cause the downfall of a monarchy entirely and attempt to extend the ideas of democracy and human rights throughout China, this had never been done so before. After 1911 Revolution, a republic was set up in China. This put an end to...
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