...Sweden This thesis is submitted to the School of Computing at Blekinge Institute of Technology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Computer Science. The thesis is equivalent to 20 weeks of full time studies. Contact Information: Author(s): Imran Ashraf Address: c/o Gulfam Abbas, Älgbacken 4 LGH 081, 37234 Ronneby, Sweden E-mail: im_qamar@yahoo.com Phone: +46 700746734 Amir Shahzed Khokhar Address: c/o Gulfam Abbas, Älgbacken 4 LGH 081, 37234 Ronneby, Sweden E-mail: amir_ask@yahoo.com Phone: +46 760811926 University advisor(s): Professor Lars Lundbarg School of Computing Blekinge Institute of Technology, Sweden External advisor(s): Magnus Vigerlöf Ericsson AB Address: Ölandsgatan 1, 371 23 Karlskrona Phone: +46 10 7140404 School of Computing Blekinge Institute of Technology Box 520 SE – 372 25 Ronneby Sweden Internet Phone Fax : www.bth.se/com : +46 457 38 50 00 : + 46 457 102 45 2 Abstract Centralized databases are becoming bottleneck for organizations that are physically distributed and access data remotely. Data management is easy in centralized databases. However, it carries high communication cost and most importantly high response time. The concept of distributing the data over various locations is very attractive for such organizations. In such cases the database is fragmented into fragments and distributed to the locations where it is needed. This kind of distribution provides local control of...
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...of shift work and fatigue and the results noted on medication errors. Two articles were chosen using the University Library, a qualitative research study and a quantitative research study from peer reviewed articles through the use of databases such as EBSCOhost, ProQuest, and Gale Powersearch. To research this topic, the query tool utilizing terminology such as shift work, fatigue, and medication errors was used to narrow the search. The intent of this paper is to identify the difference between research study articles versus plain journal articles, the type of nursing journals, and if the article is peer reviewed. EBSCOhost allows one to narrow the search, by selecting the mode as Boolean search, the source type as Academic Journal, the subjects as errors and patient safety, the publication as Journal of Nursing Management, AORN Journal, and Journal of Nursing Education, and finally the database as CINAHL plus with full text reduced the results to 259 articles. The articles are in order from most relevant to least relevant. Effects of working conditions of intravenous medication errors in Japanese hospital, written by Seki and Yamazaki was the most relevant article posted that encompassed the use of a quantitative research method to support the educational content. According to Burns and Grove (2011) “quantitative research is a formal, objective systematic processes in which numerical data are used to obtain information about the world” (p. 20). Referencing the above article...
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...forces that shapes demand and supply. The shape of the things to come will depend partially upon how one shapes the controllable factors. With different strategies, the forecasting will be different, offering multiple scenarios for management decision making. Forecasting is an estimate of sales in physical units for a specified future period under proposed marketing plan or programme and under the assumed set of economic and other forces outside the organization for which the forecast is made. Long term forecasts: Product diversification, sales, advertizing budgets, capacity planning and investment planning, Short term forecasts: Material control, loading and scheduling, and budgeting. Objectives of forecasting Short term objectives • • • • • • Formulation of production policy – Regular supply of material, Maximum utilization of machines, Regular availability of labour Formulation of pricing policy Proper control of sales Arrangement of finance Production capacity Labour requirements Long term objectives • Capital restructuring and resourcing Steps in forecasting demand Determining the objectives Period of forecasting – Short term or long term Collection and analysis of data – data to be collected, tabulated, analyzed and cross-checked by applying statistical or graphical techniques Study of correlation – between sales forecasts and sales promotion plans studying policies, Scope of forecast – Product level, industry level Competitors activities – national level programmes...
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...[Fourier analysis of Control System] [Fourier analysis of Control System] Submitted to: Dr. S. K. Raghuwanshi Submitted By: Rishi Kant Sharan Semester: V Branch: Electronics & Communication Engineering Submitted to: Dr. S. K. Raghuwanshi Submitted By: Rishi Kant Sharan Adm. No: 2010JE1117 Semester: V Branch: Electronics & Communication Engineering Abstract The assignment focuses on the Fourier analysis of Control System. Which leads to frequency domain analysis of control system. The scope of estimation and controlling the behavior a system by means of Fourier transformation of its transfer function and analyzing its frequency response. Abstract The assignment focuses on the Fourier analysis of Control System. Which leads to frequency domain analysis of control system. The scope of estimation and controlling the behavior a system by means of Fourier transformation of its transfer function and analyzing its frequency response. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT There is an old adage that says that you never really learn a subject until you teach it. I now know that you learn a subject even better when you write about it. Preparing this term paper has provided me with a wonderful opportunity to unite my love of concept in CONTROL SYSTEM. This term paper is made possible through the help and support from everyone, including: professor, friends, parents, family, and in essence, all sentient beings. Especially, please allow me to dedicate...
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... Submission Date: 29th Mar, 2014 Contents Chapter 1 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Purpose 2 1.3 Goals 2 Chapter 2 3 2.1 Introduction 3 2.2 Identifying Stakeholders 3 2.3 Recognizing multiple viewpoints 5 2.4 Working towards collaboration 6 2.5 Common requirements 6 2.6 Conflicting Requirements 6 2.7 Final requirements 7 2.8 Conclusion 7 3.1 Introduction 8 3.2 Eliciting Requirements 8 3.3 Collaborative Requirements Gathering 9 3.3.1 Requirement elicitation through interview 9 3.3.2 Requirement elicitation through questioning 10 3.3.3 Record view 10 3.3.4 Observation 10 3.4 Quality Function Development 10 3.4.1 Normal Requirements 11 3.4.2 Expected Requirements 11 3.5. Case Scenario 12 3.5.1. Registering Online 12 3.5.2. Admission 12 3.5.3 Student database generation 13 3.5.4 Attendance sheet generation 13 3.5.5 Result sheet generation 13 3.5.6 Annual report generation 13 Chapter 4 14 4.1 What is usecase diagram? 14 4.2 Usecase Diagram 15 4.3 Activity Diagram and Swimlane Diagram 31 4.3.1 Activity Diagram 31 4.3.2 Swimlane Diagram 39 Chapter 5 47 5.1 Data Modeling Concept 47 5.3 Data Relationship Diagram 51 5.4Entity Relationship(ER) Diagram 52 5.4 Table Schema Diagram 54 Chapter 6 56 6.1 Class Based Modeling Concept 56 6.2 Identifying Analysis Classes 56 6.3 Class Schema Diagram 58 6.4 Class Responsibility...
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...(2008), "Pension Fund Performance", OECD Working Papers on Insurance and Private Pensions, No. 20, OECD publishing, © OECD. doi:10.1787/240401404057 OECD Working Papers on Insurance and Private Pensions No. 20 Pension Fund Performance Pablo Antolin* JEL Classification: C80, G11, G23 * OECD, France PENSION FUND PERFORMANCE Pablo Antolin August 2008 OECD WORKING PAPER ON INSURANCE AND PRIVATE PENSIONS No. 20 ——————————————————————————————————————— Financial Affairs Division, Directorate for Financial and Enterprise Affairs Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 2 Rue André Pascal, Paris 75116, France www.oecd.org/daf/fin/wp ABSTRACT/RÉSUMÉ Pension Fund Performance This report provides an analysis of aggregate investment performance by country on a risk adjusted basis using relatively standard investment performance measures. The report also describes privately managed pension funds around the world and the regulatory environment they face. It compares pension funds across countries according to total assets under management and asset allocation, and briefly discusses certain issues surrounding the data reported by pension funds and regulators on investment returns. JEL codes: G11, G23, C80 Keywords: Investment performance, pension funds, returns on investment, asset allocation, Sharpe ratio, Markowitz mean-variance portfolio maximization. ***** La Performance des Fonds de Pensions Ce rapport fournit une analyse par pays des performances...
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...systems are used by many large corporations; they can be custom-built by a service provider or by people working for the corporation. This is because they are very expensive, cutting edge software systems. Past research has shown that BI is one of the fastest-growing methods of intelligence gathering in the field. With all of the attention of advances in information technology (IT) and how helpful they are it is easy to overlook some of their repercussions. This paper highlights the importance of BI in decision-making areas and the techniques used to make them. Advantages and benefits are then discussed and one major problem is described in detail. Computer hacking is becoming more popular as the future comes closer and it is a larger problem than most think outside of the business world. The conclusion offers an insight into the future of BI and identifies the problem of hacking as its major threat. 1. Introduction Business intelligence (BI) has become one of the most successful and popular ways that an organization uses to answer specific questions or problems over the past 25 years and is vital to success. BI is a term that covers a multitude of different concepts, theories, and methods that are related to data that has been kept in software designed for this specific purpose. The...
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...INTEGRATED SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT IN THE GOVERNMENT ENVIRONMENT ABSTRACT With the fall of East European Socialist-Bloc and opening up of the Asian markets, the trade barriers began falling during the 1980’s and continued throughout the 1990’s. This development lead to organizations having a supply chain, that criss-crossed the whole globe. The proliferation of trade agreements has thus changed the global business scenarios. The Integrated Supply Chain Management (ISCM) is now not only a problem of integrated logistics (as a process) but also demands that the supply chain management (SCM) must look into the ramifications of these arrangements on the cost of transportation (including tariffs or duties) of products within a trade zone and outside it, besides, developing logistics strategies. The field has thus developed in the last few years for bridging the gap between demand and supply vis-à-vis efficiency and cost trade-offs. The SCM now not only involves the “management of logistic function”, as was done in the past (to achieve internal efficiency of operations) but, includes the management and co-ordination of activities, upstream and downstream linkage(s) in the supply chain. The integrated supply chain management, in particular include : Planning and Managing supply and demand; Warehouse Management; Optimal Inventory control; Transportation and Distribution, Delivery and customer’s delight following the basic principles of supply chain management viz. working together;...
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...INTEGRATED SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT IN THE GOVERNMENT ENVIRONMENT R.K. Gupta* and Pravin Chandra** ABSTRACT With the fall of East European Socialist-Bloc and opening up of the Asian markets, the trade barriers began falling during the 1980’s and continued throughout the 1990’s. This development lead to organizations having a supply chain, that criss-crossed the whole globe. The proliferation of trade agreements has thus changed the global business scenarios. The Integrated Supply Chain Management (ISCM) is now not only a problem of integrated logistics (as a process) but also demands that the supply chain management (SCM) must look into the ramifications of these arrangements on the cost of transportation (including tariffs or duties) of products within a trade zone and outside it, besides, developing logistics strategies. The field has thus developed in the last few years for bridging the gap between demand and supply vis-à-vis efficiency and cost trade-offs. The SCM now not only involves the “management of logistic function”, as was done in the past (to achieve internal efficiency of operations) but, includes the management and co-ordination of activities, upstream and downstream linkage(s) in the supply chain. The integrated supply chain management, in particular include : Planning and Managing supply and demand; Warehouse Management; Optimal Inventory control; Transportation and Distribution, Delivery and customer’s delight following the basic principles of supply chain...
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...INTEGRATED SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT IN THE GOVERNMENT ENVIRONMENT R.K. Gupta* and Pravin Chandra** ABSTRACT With the fall of East European Socialist-Bloc and opening up of the Asian markets, the trade barriers began falling during the 1980’s and continued throughout the 1990’s. This development lead to organizations having a supply chain, that criss-crossed the whole globe. The proliferation of trade agreements has thus changed the global business scenarios. The Integrated Supply Chain Management (ISCM) is now not only a problem of integrated logistics (as a process) but also demands that the supply chain management (SCM) must look into the ramifications of these arrangements on the cost of transportation (including tariffs or duties) of products within a trade zone and outside it, besides, developing logistics strategies. The field has thus developed in the last few years for bridging the gap between demand and supply vis-à-vis efficiency and cost trade-offs. The SCM now not only involves the “management of logistic function”, as was done in the past (to achieve internal efficiency of operations) but, includes the management and co-ordination of activities, upstream and downstream linkage(s) in the supply chain. The integrated supply chain management, in particular include : Planning and Managing supply and demand; Warehouse Management; Optimal Inventory control; Transportation and Distribution, Delivery and customer’s delight following the basic principles of supply chain...
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...have produced optimization models that capture important features of reality, such as changing investment opportunities, unpredictable labor income, habit formation, and transaction costs. And at the same time, scientific studies of actual financial behavior have revealed that people consistently make certain mistakes because of lack of knowledge, faulty logic, cognitive dissonance, and biased statistics. The new science of finance has had a profound impact on the practice of institutional risk management.1 Sophisticated enterprisewide risk-management systems are widely used today by financial service firms and a growing number of nonfinancial companies (DeLoach 2000). In comparison, applications of this new science to the important life-cycle issues households face have been limited. Online financial planning “ tools” “ and optimizers” far behind the best lag theory. Contemporary theory uses multiperiod hedging techniques and contingent-claims analysis, but the quantitative models routinely used by professional financial planners appear to be ad hoc blends of trial-and-error Monte Carlo forecasting and Markowitz’static mean– s 2 variance model of efficient portfolio diversification. The aim of this article is to suggest ways to align the practice of life-cycle investing with the latest scientific knowledge. Among the important insights of modern financial science are the following: A person’welfare depends not only on her end-of-period wealth but also on the s consumption of...
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...Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2012; 44: 344–349 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Factors associated with catheter-associated urinary tract infections and the effects of other concomitant nosocomial infections in intensive care units EKREM TEMIZ1, NIHAL PISKIN2, HANDE AYDEMIR2, NEFISE OZTOPRAK2, DENIZ AKDUMAN2, GUVEN CELEBI2 & FURUZAN KOKTURK3 From the 1Departments of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Bitlis Government Hospital, Bitlis, 2Departments of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, and 3Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Zonguldak,Turkey Abstract Background: Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are the most common nosocomial infections in inten- sive care units (ICUs). The objectives of this study were to describe the incidence, aetiology, and risk factors of CAUTIs in ICUs and to determine whether concomitant nosocomial infections alter risk factors. Methods: Between April and Octo- ber 2008, all adult catheterized patients admitted to the ICUs of Zonguldak Karaelmas University Hospital were screened daily, and clinical and microbiological data were collected for each patient. Results: Two hundred and four patients were included and 85 developed a nosocomial infection. Among these patients, 22 developed a CAUTI alone, 38 developed a CAUTI with an additional nosocomial infection, either concomitantly or prior to the onset of the CAUTI, and 25 devel- oped nosocomial...
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...The Accuracy of Demand Forecasting Between Point of Sale and Order History Supply Chain Management TBS908 Table of Contents 1. Executive Summary 4 2. Company Profile 4 3. Demand 5 3.1 Demand Forecasting 6 3.2 Demand Forecasting Methods 6 3.2.1 Opinion Polling / Qualitative Method (subjective): 6 3.2.2 Statistical Methods/Quantitative Approach (objective): 6 4. Order History Vs. Point-of-sale 8 5. Planning Promotions 8 5.1 Promotion Planning and Supply Chain Contracting in a High-Low Pricing Environment 9 5.1.1 Basic Household Inventory Model: 9 6. Types of demand forecast in GCC and UAE 10 7. Objective 10 8. Methodology 11 Table 3 13 Figure 1 13 9. Result 14 10. Recommendations 14 11. Conclusion: 15 11. References 16 12. Appendixes 17 Appendix I 17 Appendix II 19 1. Executive Summary Demand forecasting is essentially anticipating future prospects by reviewing historical data in the most calculated way in an uncontrollable environment. Foreseeing what and when buyers will purchase has never been a simple procedure for producers or retailers. Troubled by the overwhelming undertaking of correctly coordinating supply with interest, makers are always enhancing procedures to accomplish the most noteworthy estimate exactness that will guarantee when the customer enters a store, the item they are searching for is on the rack. This is getting significantly tricky as the uncertainty level increase. In the below report the demand...
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...Analysis of Noise impact on various parameters by Response Surface methodology for optimum Safe Working Area N.Boominathan1, G.K.Vijayaraghavan2, R.Kathiravan3 1Research scholar, Periyar Maniammai University, Vallam, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu. Email:nboominathan@gmail.com 2Principal, Dhaanish Ahmed college of engineering, Padappai, Chennai 601 301. Tamilnadu Email: haigkv@yahoo.com 3Professor and Head, Aerospace engineering department, Periyar Maniammai University, Vallam, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu. Email: kathirrk3000@gmail.com Abstract— Enormous growth of population and industries leads waste disposal problems and occupational health hazards like noise, illumination, pollution. They become very difficult to control and manage. Huge amount of money and time are spent year by year to minimize the effects and to find an easy and safe way to manage them. Lot of research works are going on to find an optimum level to minimize the health hazards for workers and society. Various factors are to be considered and it may vary from place to place and time to time. Noise analysis is essential with various related parameters like noise producing sources, its intensity, number of sources and distance. It is necessary to find an optimum safe working area or location for occupational...
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...mission is to bring consumers high quality goods at a low, discounted price. Wal-Mart operates more than 8,692 retail units across three business segments of retail worldwide that offer a wide array of general merchandise, including groceries, apparel, electronics, and small appliances. In addition, the company is the world’s largest retailer and grocery chain according to sales volume and just over half of their sales comes from grocery items. Over 54% of the company’s stores are located in the United States, with the majority of international stores located in Central and South America, and China. (Jaeah, 2012). Wal-Mart was started in Rogers, Arkansas during the early 1960’s. Sam Walton traveled all around the country researching what consumers wanted in a retail store. When Walton first opened Wal-Mart he “built it under the foundation of honesty, respect, fairness and integrity”. Walton tried to create a culture that shared the same beliefs as he did. Out of his beliefs he chose the three strongest which he felt best suited his store: respect for individuals, service to customers, and striving for excellence. Wal-Mart’s stockholders have benefited from their tremendous success (i.e. their competitive advantage), which focuses on offering the lowest price across its various business segments, which together earned $408 billion in revenues in 2010, a 1% increase from sales in 2009. Because of its mammoth size and buying power,...
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