...SOST30202: Assessed Assignment 1 Literature: The collective dynamics of smoking in a large social network by Christakis N, Fowler J. Social network analysis [SNA] is the mapping and measuring of relationships and flows between people, groups, organizations, computers, URLs, and other connected information/knowledge entities. The nodes in the network are the people and groups while the links show relationships or flows between the nodes. SNA provides both a visual and a mathematical analysis of human relationships (Orgnet, 2013). It is a study of social networks and how the network someone belongs to affects that individual and also how the individual selects or affects (influences) the network. This report will focus on the concepts namely influence, selection and homophily separately and also with reference to the literature, ‘The Collective Dynamics of Smoking in a Large Social Network’ by Christakis and Fowler (2008) and will then attempt to assess the results of the study and discuss the various questions in poses for its readers. Andrew Lansley, Member of the British Parliament said, ‘’Peer pressure and social norms are powerful influences on behaviour, and they are classic excuses’’. This quote is very apt to what the literature in question talks about. Christakis and Fowler (2008) inspect the scale of person-to-person spread of smoking behaviour and the extent to which clusters of people quit together, using network analytic methods and longitudinal statistical models...
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...Human Resources Task I Western Governors University May 19, 2014 2 A. Constructive discharge as a legal concept is relative to this specific scenario in the aspect of the previous employee quitting because of a perceived evidence of difficult or hostile work environment. A specific event or chain of events, that do not have to be related, can lead to this evidence and elective discharge. In this specific case, a mandated change in scheduling causing an overlap with a religious holy day is the issue at hand. B. A protected category under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 that is relevant to the scenario would be religious class. “It shall be an unlawful employment practice for an employer to fail or refuse to hire or to discharge any individual, or otherwise to discriminate against any individual with respect to his compensation, terms, conditions, or privileges of employment, because of such individual’s race, color, religion, sex, or national origin” (SEC. 2000e-2, 2014). C. The company should respond to the employee’s charge of constructive discharge by first acknowledging the formal charge and then contact their legal team to start building a case to fight the charge. 1. Discuss how three chosen legal references support your recommendation. a. “Employee must show that the intolerable working condition with the intent of forcing the resignation was deliberate” (Dempsey, & Petsche, 2006). As stated in the scenario the entire production...
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...Alienation in my understanding is seen as the withdrawal or separation of people from each other or from what is important or meaningful to them. This can be expressed through a range of representations such as novels - Kite Runner, a poem – Polynesian old man and a film – The help. These certain depictions have enriched my understandings of how alienation can emerge from disconnections made through cultural and family matters Kite Runner by Khalid Hosseini expresses several different concepts; one significantly represented though is cultural alienation. In this text it highlights the contrast between two races that are present in Afghanistan, the Hazaras a lower class race that society looks down upon and treats as servants and the Pashtuns a higher class race that society has approved of. This is exposed by quotes reflecting the way the Pashtuns refer to the Hazaras, “You! The Hazara, look at me when I talk to you, you mice eating flat nosed donkey.” Throughout the novel these two races are continually compared and contrasted against one another, showing us they can become disconnected by stereotypes formed in certain societies. Throughout the novel the composer really exaggerates the disconnection by using certain techniques such as motifs and symbolism. The Hazaras lived in mud huts that were partially destroyed, broken down, with no living space. Whilst the Pashtuns lived in stable buildings with working facilities and were significantly larger, so by this it could...
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...SHRM Foundation’S EFFEctivE PRacticE GuidElinES SERiES Retaining A Guide to AnAlyzinG And MAnAGinG eMployee turnover Talent SHRM Foundation’S EFFEctivE PRacticE GuidElinES SERiES REtaininG talent A GuiDe to AnAlyzinG AnD MAnAGinG eMPloyee tuRnoveR by David G. Allen, Ph.D., SPHR i REtaininG talent This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information regarding the subject matter covered. Neither the publisher nor the author is engaged in rendering legal or other professional service. If legal advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent, licensed professional should be sought. Any federal and state laws discussed in this book are subject to frequent revision and interpretation by amendments or judicial revisions that may significantly affect employer or employee rights and obligations. Readers are encouraged to seek legal counsel regarding specific policies and practices in their organizations. This book is published by the SHRM Foundation, an affiliate of the Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM©). The interpretations, conclusions and recommendations in this book are those of the author and do not necessarily represent those of the SHRM Foundation. ©2008 SHRM Foundation. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This publication may not be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in whole or in part, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical...
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...The Effects of Smoking during Pregnancy Cassandra Buckner National American University Abstract There are many dangers to an unborn child that can follow them the rest of their lives from maternal smoking. Many studies and significant research shows smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of a long list of problems. Still birth is the most common complication, but placental dysfunctional, premature labor and low birth weight are also problems that can harm the fetus. Over 40% of children studied also had some form of heart defect. Exposure to cigarette smoke during pregnancy has also been linked to SIDS. Birth defects such as cleft palate and cleft lip can be caused from smoking while pregnant as well as your child being diagnosed with asthma. Speech defects as well as behavioral problems such as ADD/ADHD also play a role in maternal smoking. No one would give an infant a cigarette, so why would we while carrying our child smoke? Smoking during pregnancy can harm both the baby and the mother. Most would do anything to protect their child. Yet many women, who feel this way, continue to smoke while pregnant, insisting that the dangers are non-existent. In reality, there are many dangers to an unborn child that can follow them for the rest of their lives, if they survive gestation, and birth. Miscarriages, low birth weight, premature labor, and organ defects are just a few things that can plague the child of a smoking mother. There are many studies, and significant...
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...Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency Mary-Katherine Guzofski Liberty University Abstract An adolescent who engages in delinquent behavior is it a high risk of drug use and addiction, quitting school before graduation, future incarceration, and continued criminal behavior lasting into adulthood. Early intervention and prevention methods can divert juveniles from many of the adverse consequences that result from delinquency. Intervention is best done by parents in the home as they are the closest to the adolescent on a daily basis. Quality time and open communication are essential factures in the intervention and prevention of juvenile delinquency. Prevention stems from activities such as positive and interactive school attendance, and community involvement with a faith based church group. All of these methods are keys to prevent or minimize delinquent behavior. . Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency A large number of inmates in adult facilities have been living a delinquent / criminal lifestyle since they were juveniles, therefore it is safe to say that focusing on prevention will produce an overall reduction in crime. Juvenile delinquency is on the rise and this is cause for concern. More serious crimes are being committed by adolescents, and the younger they start the more likely they are to continue their involvement in crime. Whether a juvenile’s delinquent behavior actually begins in childhood, or is a characteristic that develops later on in the teenaged years...
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...BSBHRM507A MANAGE SEPARATION OR TERMINATION TRAINING AND ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES AND QUESTIONS The Trainee will be required to demonstrate competence on the job, in practical demonstration; observation, question/answer and role-play situations, incorporating verbal questions and written work, including completing workplace forms, either to the RTO Trainer or Supervisor, under the guidance of the RTO Trainer. Element of competency: 1. Develop policies and procedures for separation/termination of employment 2. Manage separation/termination processes 3. Manage exit interview process 1. What does ‘policy’ mean? Set of policies are principles, rules, and guidelines formulated or adopted by an organization to reach its long-term goals and typically published in a booklet or other form that is widely accessible. Policies and procedures are designed to influence and determine all major decisions and actions, and all activities take place within the boundaries set by them. Procedures are the specific methods employed to express policies in action in day-to-day operations of the organization. Together, policies and procedures ensure that a point of view held by the governing body of an organization is translated into steps that result in an outcome compatible with that view. HR policies are continuing guidelines on how people should be managed in the organization. They define the philosophies and values of the organization on how people should be treated, and from these...
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...easiest type of unemployment to explain is known as frictional unemployment. Frictional unemployment is unemployment that occurs because it takes workers some time to move from one job to another. It is frictional because the labor market does not automatically match up all available jobs with all available workers. Instead, job search requires time for the right worker to find the right job. Both workers and society benefit when job applicants are matched to the appropriate job. Sources of frictional unemployment include the following: people entering the workforce from school; imperfect information (information about the availability of jobs); people re-entering the workforce after raising children; people changing unemployers due to quitting or being fired (for reasons beyond structural ones); people changing careers due to changing interests; people moving to a new city (for non-structural reasons) and being unemployed when they arrive. Economic science considers frictional unemployment is normal and is not cause for alarm. Moreover, frictional...
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...CHAPTER ONE 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Introduction This chapter contains the background of the problem, statement of the problem, purpose of the study, objectives of the study, research questions, justification of the study, limitations of the study, the scope of the study and the conceptual framework. 1.2 Background to the Problem Seventy percent of Kenyan families are affected by alcoholism (Simiyu, 2006). Man has, over time, indeed come to acknowledge the fact that alcoholism is indeed destructive to the human race. This explains the reason as to why numerous studies have been conducted and some are still underway in relations to various areas where alcoholism is indeed a major threat. It is however important to note that most of these studies are mainly centered on the alcoholic. Alcoholism is a term that has many and sometimes conflicting definitions. In current and historic usage, alcoholism refers to a condition that results from continued consumption of alcohol despite the social and medical impacts that are raised by the vice. Alcoholism also referred to, in the nineteenth century and partly in the twentieth century, as dipsomania, may also refer to pre-occupation with or compulsion towards the consumption of alcohol and/or impaired ability to recognize the negative impacts of excessive alcohol consumption. The Macmillan dictionary (2002) defines the word alcoholism as a medical condition that makes it difficult to control the amount of alcohol you drink. ...
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...BACKGROUND INFORMATION This case study is based on a former student of Nadi Muslim College.Due to confidentiality his real name will not be used in this project.Zoheb Ali, 16, has ditched school to work full time to assist his financially struggling family. He sells pineapples, watermelons and other local seasonal fruits by the roadside six days a week. Chatting away while expertly skinning and slicing succulent pineapples with a dangerously sharp-looking knife, Ali said he has been doing this work since he was 14. Before he quit school, he was working only on weekends. Last year his parents gave him permission to start working full-time. “I did not like school and I wanted to make money to help my family,” he said, smiling. Ali’s father, who is a taxi driver, and his mother, a tailor at agarment factory, did not protest too hard when their son said he wanted to leave school and work. The family was struggling to make ends meet, and the extra income was much needed. Observers believe that the situation of tens of thousands of poor families like Ali’s has become even more desperate since the global economic crisis struck in 2007. Such families are now forced to prematurely pull their children out of school and send them to work. Several other boys with similar stories to Ali are employed by the latter’s boss. Some, like 16-year-old Anzar Khan, along with his younger brother and sister, are still in school. But further hardships could force him and his siblings to follow...
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...Movie Analysis Sociology 3620 (Criminology) Criminological Theories in "Empire" The movie "Empire" is a dramatization of the life in the shoes of one of four heroin dealers in the New York City area known as South Bronx. It is a story told by Victor Rosa, the main character referred to by many as Vic, as the viewer follows him around the city The movie begins by naming all the main drug dealers and their territories across the South Bronx region, Victor's territory noticeably bigger than the others. Out of the four competitors, we only see one that Victor has any trouble with later in the movie and that is the drug dealer known as Tito. Tito is another successful, Hispanic drug dealer who sells his product in the territory just south of Victor. Due to the location of these two territories it isn't uncommon to see a pedlar cross into another dealers area of sales. The first outbreak of violence between the two gangs erupts after Victor is informed by an appointed leader in his crew that one of Tito's men had been witnessed selling their product across the "invisible line". Usually these gang leaders wouldn't handle business themselves but when it comes to cutting into their profits, that is when the leader of the crew must make a statement by taking matters into their own hands. Victor and two of his men show up on the street corner where they find Tito's men continuing to push their product. The two members Victor arrived with proceed to raise their weapons at two...
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...CHAPTER - 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 - AIM OF THE DISSERTATION This Dissertation aims at studying the Human Resource Strategies which can be employed to retain skilled employees in Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) organizations particularly in call center organizations in India as well as follow the shift in trends from traditional practices due to high attrition rates and evaluate the effectiveness of these strategies. 1.2 - OBJECTIVES AND RESEARCH QUESTION To Study and Analyze the Possible reasons for high attrition rates in call center organizations. To examine the strategies developed to reduce high attrition rates in call center organizations. and To Evaluate the effectiveness of strategies introduced to reduce attrition rates in call center organizations Taking the Above objectives into consideration the research question is – “What are the strategies used by Human Resource Managers to combat High attrition rates in Call Center Organizations in India?” 1.3 - RATIONALE Business Process Outsourcing industry in India is a source of income multipliers for Indian Economy as well as a source of jobs for unemployed. India has huge unemployed population and the Business Process Outsourcing launched itself at a stage when unemployment problem started having negative impact on the Indian Economy. The Industry generated employment for countless non-technical skilled employees in the organized service sector. Since its inception Call Center Industry has been facing...
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...Introduction In this era of technology and information explosion, social media has become a part of our lives, almost everyone have their own Twitter, Facebook, Flickr and Blogs account. Nowadays social media is becoming increasingly popular; a survey (SilkRoad Technologies, 2012) shows 75% of employees logged social media while at work at least once a day, with 60% accessing multiple times. The report also pointed out that most of companies have not develop clear guidelines and policy for using social media in workplace, only less than 10 % offering social media training to their staffs. The workplace should not prohibit the use of social media sites? Some people said it should be but some ones said should not. Each has their own justifications, it is benevolent see benevolence and the wise see wisdom. Whether employers permit or not, to develop a set of the company’s social media policy is a must. Although, Singapore Airlines (SIA) have guidelines stating that all employees must not posted confidential business information or tweeted about a colleague, but the rule is usually not strongly enforced. Social media is not easy to manage in the workplace, based on historical experience cyber bullying, harassment, discrimination and victimization are constantly recurring in between colleagues, similar incidents have also occurred in the Singapore Airlines (SIA). Therefore, in order to design an effective social media policy of the organization, first must consider and resolve a...
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...2012 NELOSN MANDELA’S LEADERSHIP . . Microsoft 06.06.2012 6/6/2012 NELOSN MANDELA’S LEADERSHIP June 6, 2012 TITLE PAGE CAUCASUS UNIVERSITY CAUCASUS SCHOOL OF BUSINESS COURSE TITLE: Developing effective leadership skills COURSE CODE: MGS-3211 INSTRUCTOR: Dara Ahmed GROUP PRESENTATION: N1 PRESENTATION TITLE: NELSON MANDELA’S LEADERSHIP GROUP MEMBERS: Tamar Geladze DATE: 6th of June, 2012 12 Page 2 NELOSN MANDELA’S LEADERSHIP June 6, 2012 TABLE OF CONTENT TITLE PAGE............................................................................................................................................. 2 TABLE OF FIGURES................................................................................................................................. 4 ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................................................. 5 LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................................................................. 6 NELSON MANDELLA’S BRIEF BIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................. 7 NELSON MANDELLA’S LEADERSHIP ....................................................................................................... 8 SUMMARY ..................................................................................................................
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...CHAPTER II THEORETICAL REVIEW 2.1 Human Resource Management Management in business pursuits and organizations can be defined as the process of coordinating people and processes in order to accomplish specific goals and objectives. Business management specifically includes planning, organizing, staffing, directing operations, and resourcing. Resourcing, furthermore, requires the strategic use of human, financial, technological, and natural resources in accomplishing the goals of a business entity. Because business can be usefully viewed as “systems”, business management can be seen as human action designed to facilitate useful outcomes from the system. This view allow for the opportunity to “manage” oneself, an important factor to consider before managing operations and employees. Human resources management is the function within an organization that focuses on recruitment of, management of, and providing direction for the people who work in the organization. It is the organizational function that deals with issues related to people such as compensation, hiring, performance management, organization development, safety, wellness, benefits, employee motivation, communication, administration, and training. Human Resources management is the strategic approaches to the management of an organization’s most valuable asset—the people who work for that organization and who, individually and collectively, contribute to the achievement of the objectives of the business. Simply put, human...
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