...Potential of Rain Water Harvesting to Address Water Logging Problem: Case Study Senpara Porbota, Mirpur By Anika Tabassum Student, Department of Urban and Regional Planning Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Email: t_anika@yahoo.com Fuad Hasan Ovi Student, Department of Urban and Regional Planning Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Email: ovi_buet07@yahoo.com Md. Abu Hanif Student, Department of Urban and Regional Planning Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Email: hanif07buet@yahoo.com Ishrat Islam, PhD. Associate Professor Dept. of Urban & Regional Planning Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Email: ishrat_urp@yahoo.com Abstract: The population of Dhaka City is increasing at a rapid pace than ever before. Due to ever increasing population pressure along with the causes and consequences of global warming; the environment of the city is degrading and the weather parameters are adversely challenged. The baseline temperature, precipitation and relative humidity are shifted and eventually accentuated due to changes in the climate system. A massive shift in the days with rainfall and days without rainfall results in water logging as well as water scarcity. This study primarily focuses on water logging problem of Dhaka city during monsoon (May to October) season. Water logging is such an acute problem for the inhabitants of Dhaka city that disrupts the...
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...RAIN WATER HARVESTING IN NORTH EAST STATES: MIZORAM AND MANIPUR Rainwater harvesting is a means of taking water out of the hydrological cycle for either human or agricultural use. The rainfall is intercepted and collected on prepared watersheds. Basically, there are two types of rainwater harvesting schemes - those designed for agricultural use and those designed for human use. Rainwater catchment schemes intended for agricultural use require large catchment areas. In this case, use of the ground surface is the obvious choice. However, water for human use should be more convenient and cleaner than water for agricultural use. Roofs are an obvious choice for a catchment surface as their elevation protects them from contamination and damage which are common to ground surface catchments. Tanks located close to homes highlight the convenience of this system.. Besides, small scale RWH does not involve the existing water right. And it has become one of the economical and practical measures for providing supplementary water supplies with its easy system installation. It can be a supplementary water source in urbanized regions for miscellaneous household uses such as toilet flushing, lawn watering, landscape and ecological pools. In many developing countries, it even serves as a major water supply source. Other than storing rain water for later uses, it is also capable of providing some detention capacity for flood attenuations in some regions . Rainwater harvesting system has been...
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...Nature has endowed India with huge water resources. We have perennial rivers like Ganga, Brahmaputra, Yamuna, Beas and others along with their tributaries and distributaries besides in North and Eastern India, we have spring fed and rain fed rivers in central and peninsular India-the major among these being- Godavari, Krishna, Narmada, Tapti and Kaveri. These huge potential water resources notwithstanding, we are facing a water crisis across the country. Over the years, rising population, growing industrialisation and expanding agriculture have pushed up the demand for water. Monsoon is still the main hope of our agriculture. Water conservation has become the need of the day. Rainwater harvesting is a way to capture the rainwater at the time of downpour, store that water above the ground or charge the underground water and use it later. This happens in open areas as well as in congested cities through the installation of required equipment. The collection and storage of rainwater from run-off areas such as roofs and other surfaces has been practised since ancient times in India. It is particularly useful where water supply is inadequate. If the collection and storage equipment is designed carefully it is possible for a family of four persons to live for a year in areas where annual rainfall is as little as 100 mm. Observations in some other countries like Zimbabwe, Botswana and Israel have shown that up to 85 per cent of all measurable rain can be collected and stored from...
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...flood can be caused by intense rain, particularly when it takes place in a saturated area where rain has previously fallen. Under these conditions the additional rain runs off over the surface and accumulates in streams and channels at a much accelerated pace. To determine earth dam’s locations multi criterion methods...
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...Water Harvesting Farming needs continual supply of water and a sound land to cultivate their crop. Overuse of ground water and increase in the salinity of the soil has brought farming communities to realise the need for conservation and restoration of land and water as resource. Therefore, the need for water management and artificial or man-made restoration system is required. The various ways of carrying out water management * Rainwater Harvesting * Preventing and netting overspill from catchments * Storing Floodwaters * Watershed management Integrated River Basin Management The Integrated River Basin Management can be defined as the process of coordinating conservation, management, and development of water, land, and related resources, across sectors, within a given river basin. An integrated approach using the whole River Basin as a basis for holistic and sustainable planning, can provide a good solution to ensure Economic, Social and Environmental sustainability and ensure Food & Water security. The various techniques of water harvesting are applied on the basis of some criteria Problem | Strategy | Activity Plan | Expected Impact | Over exploitation of Ground water | Ground water Recharge | Rainwater harvesting structures like check dams | Increase in water table | Salinity ingress in coastal aquifers | Checking sea water intrusion | Construction of ‘Bandhara’, sub surface dyke | Improvement...
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...instability and war. Peace has returned but the nation remains developmentally weak and more than 42 million Ethiopians do not have access to safe water. The aim of the paper is focusing on finding new sources of water to solve Ethiopia’s water problem. Two potential water sources are water harvesting and dam. In this report, the public acceptability of both water sources is compared. 1. Background The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Ethiopia was worth 55.61 billion US dollars in 2014. The GDP value of Ethiopia represents 0.09 percent of the world economy. GDP in Ethiopia averaged 15.70 USD Billion from 1981 until 2014, reaching an all time high of 55.61 USD Billion in 2014 and a record low of 6.93 USD Billion in 1994. GDP in Ethiopia is reported by the World Bank. It is seem that Ethiopia has a low GDP. Furthermore, The level of poverty in Ethiopia is extremely high. Ethiopia has the second largest population of all African countries and has only once, for a brief period of time, been occupied. One of Africa’s oldest independent countries. However, it is currently considered one of Africa’s poorest countries despite a rapid population boom in recent decades. Because of growing populations, the water demands is also increasing, it become a big problem for Ethiopia. The government have to find the cheapest way to provide water. On the other hand, Ethiopia is in the tropical zone laying between the Equator and...
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...com/ejsr.htm Rainwater Harvesting as an Alternative Water Supply in the Future Che-Ani A.I Correspondence Author Department of Architecture Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia E-mail: adiirfan@gmail.com Tel: +60389216299; Fax: +60389216841 Shaari N Department of Architecture Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia A. Sairi Division of Building Control,Department of Engineering Kajang Municipal Council,43300 Kajang Selangor, Malaysia M.F.M. Zain Department of Architecture Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia M.M. Tahir Department of Architecture Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia Abstract This paper discuss about the rainwater harvesting system and its implementation in Malaysia as part of the solution proposed by government to avoid water crisis in the future. It first reviewed the scenario of water shortage in Malaysia. In Malaysia, we are blessed with an ample supply of water because of abundant rains. Normally, we received the rainfall averaging around 2400mm for Peninsular Malaysia, 2360mm for Sabah and 3830mm for Sarawak. However, increasing water consumption by our industry, agricultural and household users had made our existing water supply infrastructure...
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...to 1.5m litres of water everyday from the ground . It takes nine litres of clean water to manufacture a litre of Coke. In 2000 Coca-Cola opened a plant at Plachimada , a village in Kerala to produce 1.2m litres of coke every day. Slide 4: The conditional licence granted by the local panchayat authorised the use of motorised pumps But the company drilled more than six wells & illegally installed high-powered electric pumps to extract millions of litres of pure water . The level of the water table fell from 45 to 150 metres below the surface. Slide 5: The company started dumping waste outside causing a serious health hazard. The court gave Coca-Cola a notice to cease water extraction The theft of water was not only limited to kerala Overexploitation of groundwater soon started in Kaladera Kala Dera - Thirsting from Coca-Cola : Kala Dera - Thirsting from Coca-Cola Kala Dera is a large village outside the city of Jaipur. Agriculture is the primary source of livelihood . Coca-Cola started its bottling operations in Kala Dera in 2004, and within a year, the community started to notice a rapid decline in groundwater levels Slide 7: Kala Dera lies in an overexploited groundwater area and access to water has been difficult. Summers are particularly intense in the area, when water shortages are most acute. Moreover summer months are also when Coca-Cola reaches its peak production. Coca-Cola bottling plant in Kala Dera continues extracts the most water, making already existing...
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...extensively changed the hydraulic properties of many habitable human settlements. Naturally, some areas have been observed to be less permeable or even impermeable to storm water and these areas are depressed and raised to check ponding or dishing to trap runoff in the environment. The construction of surface and conduit drainages is constructed to drain runoff efficiently and sustainably in well planned urban areas always remove natural vegetation which causes reduction, interception and transpiration of plants in the environment (CSIR, 2000). These limited vegetation cover in the environment...
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...Water – The India Story March 23, 2009 1 Table of Contents Summary Global Water Situation – A Snapshot Water in India Innovative Water Management Initiatives 2 Freshwater rich regions across the globe are projected to face water scarcity if current reserves are not managed effectively Global Freshwater Scenario Global Freshwater reserves are rapidly depleting and this is expected to significantly impact many densely populated areas of the world Low to middle income developing regions as well as highly developed countries will face water stress in the future, unless existing water reserves are managed effectively • Although low and middle income developing countries currently have low per capita water consumption, rapid growth in population and inefficient use of water across sectors is expected to lead to a water shortage in the future • Developed countries traditionally have high per capita water consumption and need to focus on reducing their consumption through improved water management techniques and practices By 2025, India, China and select countries in Europe and Africa will face water scarcity if adequate and sustainable water management initiatives are not implemented Freshwater Situation in India Traditionally, India has been well endowed with large Freshwater reserves, but the increasing population and overexploitation of surface and groundwater over the past few decades has resulted in water scarcity in some regions ...
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...Challenges and Opportunities on Kava Dan Russell University of Phoenix MGT 350 February 20, 2011 Dan Konzen Challenges and Opportunities on Kava Aqua Harvest, Inc. has identified an opportunity for expansion of its water treatment and rain harvesting operations on the South Pacific Island of Kava. The island is an ideal situation in desperate need of both the products offered by Aqua Harvest, Inc. and the employment opportunities the expansion will bring. There are numerous challenges such a remote and exposed Island presents to a start up operation and each threat must be addressed to accomplish the directive of the company. Aqua Harvest is financially able to achieve its goals in Kava, but the natural forces are of such an unpredictable nature that the physical establishment of the companies operations on the Island of Kava may be the most difficult. The Island of Kava Kava rests in the South Pacific stronghold of islands near Fiji, Samoa, and Bora Bora. Kava rests ideally in the Hawaii to Australia shipping routes with major ports on and near the island. Kava appears to be a well placed starting point for continued growth throughout the surrounding islands being serviced by both United States and Australian corporate offices. History Until 1970, Kava was a British Colony as it had been for nearly a century. Banking on its economical base of petroleum production, tourism banana and spice exportation, Kava requested and was granted...
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...Deforestation Environmental Science SCI-204 iLab 1 People relay on products from rainforest everyday and never realize it. Today, people around the world use woods that come from rainforest for products like desk, flooring, instruments, and many other products made from exotic woods. “Tropical forests yield some of the most beautiful and valuable woods in the world, such as teak, mahogany, rosewood, balsa, sandalwood and countless lesser-known species.” (Rainforest Alliance, 2014) Many medications are made up from plants and trees that are only found in rainforest. “Some 120 prescription drugs sold worldwide today are derived directly from rainforest plants.” (Talk, 2014) Many food products come from rainforest. Things like coffee beans, bananas, nuts, chocolate, and spices all can be found in the rainforest. “At least 3000 fruits are found in the rainforests; of these only 200 are now in use in the Western World.” (Taylor, 2012) Another product people use everyday is oxygen. The Amazon produces more than 20% of the world’s oxygen. “The Amazon Rainforest has been described as the "Lungs of our Planet" because it provides the essential environmental world service of continuously recycling carbon dioxide into oxygen.” (Taylor, 2012) The next time you inhale, and fill your lungs with life giving oxygen be thankful to the rainforest. The rainforest has helped the world with many products, and all of them are important to everyday life. When you go to your local coffee...
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...the developing world is facing a water-supply problem. The government is looking for an affordable solution to this problem and has asked you to investigate different methods of water provision. | Tutor Name: | | Student ID Number: | T0048411 | Date of Submission: | | Word count: | 1075 | Introduction Water is very important for every human being; it is not only used for drinking, as well as to satisfied people’s essential needs. Earth is huge, but there is a limited amount of water that humanity can use. Of all the water on Earth, only 4% is fresh, and only 0.0067% can be used by people (Gleick, 1993). Fresh water are distributed very unevenly around the globe, which is why some countries or entire regions will be left without water. One of these countries is Taiwan. It is very important to find a way to resolve the situation in the field of water supply. Next described will link Taiwan is faced with the problem of water shortages, and will also describe some of the ways to combat this problem. Fresh water is distributed very unequally around the globe, so some countries or entire regions are without fresh water. One of those countries is Taiwan. It is very important to find a way to solve the situation in the field of water supply. Follows will describe a developing country , Taiwan, which faces the shortage of water with its some plans to deal with it. Problems for water supply have to take it seriously, preventing from no water sources in the future is better...
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...the planet. Because of the finite nature of the resources and the ability of our planet to provide us infinite resources, we need to, carefully consider some aspects of our existence, like our consumption, acceptable living standards, what technologies make best use of the resources available and explore ways to preserve the ecosystems on which we depend. The primary concern regarding rapid global population growth includes aggravated poverty, starvation, water scarcity, political & social instability and depletion of natural resources. How will we feed 9.2 billion people when high food prices and the global economic recession have pushed 100 million more people than last year into chronic hunger and poverty around 1 billion people starve every day. Factors like climate change, increasing energy costs, and water scarcity will make it harder to grow the crops necessary to feed an expanding population. Increasing soil erosion and the loss of farm land will also add to the challenge of boosting food production. Water scarcity is also a growing concern as we see lakes are...
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...Unit 8 terms 1. Potable- drinkable, that is, free from harmful chemicals and organisms. 2. Freshwater- water that flows from the land to oceans and contains little or no salt. 3. Domestic- household use. 4. Tidewater- the water that flows up the mouth of a river as the ocean tide rises or comes in. 5. Food chain- the interdependence of plants and animals for food constitutes. 6. Universal solvent- a material that dissolves or otherwise changes most other materials. 7. Water cycle- the cycling of water among the water sources, atmosphere, and surface areas. 8. Desert- areas with continues severe water shortages. 9. Irrigation- the addition of water to plants to supplement the water provided by rain or snow. 10. Precipitation- the formation of rain and snow. 11. Evaporation- changing from a liquid to a vapor or gas. 12. Water shed- a large land area in which water is absorbed from rain or melting snow. 13. Water table- the level below which soil is saturated or filled with water. 14. Fertility- the amount and type of nutrients in the soil. 15. Free water- water that drains out of soil after it has been wetted. 16. Gravitational water- feeds wells and springs. 17. Capillary water- plant roots can absorb or take up this moisture. 18. Hydroscopic water- water that is held too tightly for plant roots to absorb. 19. Purify- to remove all foreign material. 20. No-till- planting crops without plowing or disking the soil. 21...
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