...Associate Level Material American Rangelands and Forests Part 1 Choose either a rangeland or a forest of the United States and describe current federal management strategies. Explain federal efforts to manage these lands sustainably by completing the chart below. | |Rangeland or Forest Location |Brief History of | | | |Rangeland or | | | |Forest | |Research and identify the effects of |Review environmental websites and journals. |Month 1–3 | |air pollution. | | | | |Document the sources of air pollution and both environmental and health| | | |effects of air pollution. | | | | | | | |Document video interviews of environmental researchers and | | | ...
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...Monitoring sustainability with a monitoring system that is itself sustainable: addressing the cause and the symptoms IAN WATSON,1 AND PAUL NOVELLY, 2 1 Department of Agriculture and Centre for Management of Arid Environments PO Box 483 Northam, Western Australia, 6401 Ph 08 9690 2000 Fax 08 9622 1902 iwatson@agric.wa.gov.au 2 Department of Agriculture and Tropical Savannas CRC Kununurra, Western Australia ABSTRACT Throughout the 1970s and 1980s much effort was expended on a range monitoring program in Western Australia. Unfortunately, much of the system put in place is now inactive. Such a situation is not unique and the rangelands of the world are littered with monitoring sites that are no longer part of an operating system. A need has emerged for a biodiversity monitoring system in the rangelands and the discussion is currently at the point where the range management discipline was in the early 1970s. Efficiencies can be made when developing the biodiversity monitoring system by learning from the experience of the range management profession. Monitoring sustainability will only be possible if the monitoring system is itself sustainable. We suggest a number of attributes for the system that need to be in place before the system can be judged at all sustainable. These attributes are a mix of biophysical, social and institutional and highlight the view that monitoring systems of the type being suggested constitute an unusual mixture of attributes not found in...
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...RANGEPLANTS INTRODUCTION. Rangelands are the lands on which the native vegetation is predominantly grasses, grass like plants, forbs or shrubs suitable for grazing or browsing use. They are those lands with physical limitations such as erratic rainfall, are rugged, very low temperatures or very high temperatures making them unsuitable for natural cultivation or agriculture. THREATS TO THE RANGEPLANTS. 1. Climatechange. This includes temperature change, precipitation, and evaporation .It affects the length of the growing seasons ad changes in timing of germination, phenogy, pollination. It also decreases the dry season water availability due to early runoff and higher evaporation .It also leads to reduced forage yields and quality. 2. Invasive plants species. These are the plant species that are not the native inhabitants of an area but may have been introduced as a result of human activities e.g. through transportation .They evolve and colonize an area. Examples: prosopis, juniperus occidentalis, isatistentoria L.(a weed found in Montana Rangelands)-it reduces forage carrying capacity. 3. Frequent forest fires. This always occur either naturally during dry seasons or as a result of human activities e.g. burning by the honey combs. It kills other plant species. 4. Land use changes. The land use change has proven to be a threat to the rangelands. For instance cultivation. Most people have made an effort of introducing arable farming into the rangelands through irrigation. This...
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...Management 648 Leadership outline The only leader I could think of, that had a positive influence on my life was my grandfather. He migrated from Mexico in the early sixties with aspirations of a greater life. When he arrived to California he worked in the fields of Fresno as most immigrants did. From there he saved his earnings and was able to become an American citizen. From there he came to San Francisco to join the local laborers Union. After many years of hard work and money management he was able to purchase an apartment complex in San Francisco’s Marina District. With the income of that property he was able to purchase a 346 acre cattle ranch in his native state of Mexico. He began to focus on building a cattle transportation company from Durango, Mexico to El Paso, Texas. He started off with two employees, by the height of his career he had employed more than 30 people ranging from Mexico to Texas. The idea was simple he would raise cattle on his property and once they were at a mature state he would transport them to Texas and sell them for a profit. When he retired he had an estimated net worth of six million dollars at the age of sixty. It is amazing to me how a man with no education ended up with this vast amount of wealth. I was a young boy when he purchased the cattle ranch. I was still old enough to witness how he would lead his company, and how people would follow him. I truly feel he was the definition of an authentic leader. The more and...
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...American Rangelands and Forests: Tongass National Forest Name: Course: Instructor: Date: American Rangelands and Forests: Tongass National Forest Part 1: Description of the forest |Forest Location |Brief History of Forest |Current land management problems |Current federal land management strategies addressing the challenges |One sustainable effort that should be implemented | |American Rangeland or Forest: Tongass National Forest |Southeastern part of the state of Alaska, United States |The first part of the forest reserve named the Alexander Archipelago was established in 1902. In 1908, a presidential proclamation created another section of forest reserve named the Tongass. The two sections were joined in 1909 to from what is currently known as the Tongass National Forest. |-Extensive logging subjects the forest to the risk of destruction. -Lack of roads reduces efficiency of the forest officers in managing the forest and controlling overexploitation of resources. |-Formulation of laws that prohibit clear-cutting. -Construction of a road network in the forest. |-Fencing the forest and creating specified entry and exit paths can help in controlling the exploitation of natural resources in Tongass National Forest. | | Part 2: Sustainability plan 1. Action items My plan for a sustainable forest cover is to develop programs and services that will enlighten the community on the negative impacts of human activities...
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...Water Resource Plan Associate Level Material American Rangelands and Forests Part 1 Choose either a rangeland or a forest of the United States and describe current federal management strategies. Explain federal efforts to manage these lands sustainably by completing the chart below. | |Rangeland or Forest Location |Brief History of | | | |Rangeland or | | | |Forest | |Research the effects that very dry |-What is the leading cause of fires? |Month 1–3 | |conditions have on the National |-Assess those causes to develop an educational program. | | |Forest. |-Meet with environmental researchers and facilitators to determine what| | | |actions are required for long term success. | | |Develop an educational program |- In combination with the aid of facilitators and environmental |Month 1–3 | | |researchers develop a presentation that protects the National Forest | ...
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...Associate Level Material American Rangelands and Forests Part 1 Choose either a rangeland or a forest of the United States and describe current federal management strategies. Explain federal efforts to manage these lands sustainably by completing the chart below. American Rangeland or Forest | Rangeland or Forest Location | Brief History of Rangeland or Forest | What are current land management problems? | What are the current federal land management strategies that address these problems? | What is one sustainable effort that should be implemented? | Rogue River-Siskiyou National Forest | Southwest Oregon and Northern California | President Roosevelt established the Siskiyou Forest Reserve in 1905, then designating it the Siskiyou National Forest in 1907. The Rogue River National Forest became established in 1908 and until 1932 was known as the Crater National Forest. The forest has two individual geological regions which are the Cascade Range and the Siskiyou Mountains. | Build-up of fuels in fire-prone forests, (Forest Guild.org, 2014). | Implemented the National Fire Plan, theHealthy Forests Initiative (HFI), and the Healthy Forests Restoration Act(HFRA) to facilitate fuel reduction projects, (Forest Guild.org, 2014). | Mechanical thinning of small trees and prescribed fire. | Part 2 Take your information from Part 1 and use it to create a Sustainability Plan. Your sustainability plan should present what, when, and how something is to be sustained...
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...Conservation versus Preservation SCI/275 Environmental Science Emmy Spencer Sunday May 8, 2016 Dr. Rafael Sanchez Conservation of rangelands is the rotation of livestock from one section of land to another section on land to allow the first section to rest and recover. Rangelands are often over grazed, causing the grass to die and turn the land into dirt lots. The natural resource is the grass and will be used to feed the livestock. Conservation also includes controlled burn of areas to help promote new growth. (1) Preservation of wildlife is saving the habitats and environment where endangered animals, plants, and eco system lives. The habitats and environment should not be altered or changed in any way. Natural resources are not to be used and the areas need to be left alone. Conservation of rangelands has been successful in some areas and not so successful in others. There was a government act created in 2002 - Rangeland, Grazing Land and Grassland Protection Act of 2002. This act was designed for California and the protection of their rangelands. The act’s purpose is to prevent rangelands from being converted into nonagricultural areas and sustain the grazing of livestock (2) Preservation of wildlife habitats are being threatened everyday by people all over the planet. The three major types of losses are destruction, fragmentation, and degradation of habitats by humans. They are affected by agriculture, land development, pollution, global warming...
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...University of Phoenix Material Castro Environmental Resources Worksheet Using the assigned readings for Week Four, write a 50- to 75-word response to each of the following questions. Your responses will be assessed according to the accuracy of the content. Minerals 1. How do minerals affect society? Minerals affect society in many different ways; for example salt is a mineral that is used every day to enhance the flavor of foods and it is also used to retain fluids while contributing to the replenishment of electrolytes. Another mineral such as Lignite is a form of coal that can be used for energy. 2. What is the difference between metallic and nonmetallic minerals? Provide two examples from each category and discuss their uses. Metallic and nonmetallic minerals are very different and the differences are not hard to see. Metallic minerals can be melted to make a new form; an example of a metallic mineral is iron. Nonmetallic minerals cannot be melted to create a new form; an example of nonmetallic mineral is salt. Mining 1. How are minerals extracted from the Earth and processed? Minerals can be extracted through mining, which consists of explosives, picks, and shovels. Minerals that are extracted are then processed through crushers and grinding mills to break down the minerals into small pieces. Once the more valuable minerals are detected, they will be separated from the rest of the rocks and kept. 2. What are the different ways minerals can be mined...
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...American Rangelands and Forests Jacolbi Williams October 28, 2012 SCI 275 Page 1 | Rangeland or Forest Location | Brief History of Rangeland or Forest | What are current land management problems? | What are the current federal land management strategies that address these problems? | What is one sustainable effort that should be implemented? | American Rangeland or Forest: Edwards Plateau | TEXAS | Edward’s Plateau is located in South Central Texas . This plateau is mainly a grassland covered with trees, soil more suitable for farming needs and rivers running through the south and east portion of the land ("Texas State Historical Asociation", n.d). | The rapid growth of the urban areas and endangerment of species around Edward’s Plateau. The increase of growth brings more issues in different types of developments which in turn damages the value of the land. | Texas has the Southern Edwards Plateau Habitat Conservation Plan (SEP-HCP) in place to address the problems of Edwards Plateau. | Emphasize and give notice of violations against the SEP-HCP | Part 1 Page 2 The Rangeland in Texas by the name of Edwards Plateau is at risk. The human activities have begun to limit land and endanger the different species residing on that land. Without a set sustainability plan in action, Edwards Plateau as will know it will become a thing of the past. Part 2 Action Items (in order) | Action Steps | Timeline | List sources for Edwards Plateau | Write down information...
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...metallic luster, hardness, density, and good conduction of heat and electricity. Mining 1. How are minerals extracted from the Earth and processed? 2. What are the different ways minerals can be mined? Provide a brief description of at least three types of mining. 3. What effect does extracting minerals have on the environment? Soil 1. What is your definition of soil? What is soil composed of? Why is soil important to the environment? 3. What types of organisms are found in soil? Determine the relationship between soil and organisms. 4. What is soil erosion? How can soil become polluted? What effect does soil erosion and pollution have on the environment? 5. What is the purpose of soil reclamation? Forestry and Rangeland Resources and Management Strategies 1. Differentiate between government-owned and public lands. Which government agencies are involved with government-owned lands? What is the purpose of government-owned lands? 6. Why is the forest an...
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...Environmental Resource Worksheet James Abraham ENV 100 March 13, 2014 Willie Frazier University of Phoenix Material Environmental Resources Worksheet Using the assigned readings for Week Four, write a 50- to 75-word response to each of the following questions. Your responses will be assessed according to the accuracy of the content. Minerals 1. How do minerals affect society? Minerals are dense, nonliving, naturally occurring substances. That have definite chemical formulas and general structure. They vary in color, solidity, crystal form, density, crystal size, transparency, location, composition, and abundance. They have many uses and purposes in society. Almost all chemical elements in the Earth's crust are associated with at least one mineral. This is how we are able to build buildings on ground and not live in floating huts. 2. What is the difference between metallic and nonmetallic minerals? Provide two examples from each category and discuss their uses. Metallic minerals are those minerals which can be melted to obtain new products. Aluminum is one of the most abundant metallic minerals on earth. It is used in the production of automobiles, construction, electrical, machinery materials. Copper also a metallic mineral is used in building construction for things such as cables and heating pipes. Non-metallic minerals are those which do not produce new products upon melting. Clay for example is used in floor and wall tile as an...
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...Part 1 Choose either a rangeland or a forest of the United States and describe current federal management strategies. Explain federal efforts to manage these lands sustainably by completing the chart below. | |Rangeland or Forest Location |Brief History of | | | |Rangeland or | | | |Forest | |Research and identify the effects of |Review environmental websites and journals. |Month 1–3 | |air pollution. | | | | |Document the sources of air pollution and both environmental and health| | | |effects of air pollution. | | | | | | | |Document video interviews of environmental researchers and | | | |facilitators. ...
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...Conflict and the Environment The African Union Mission in Sudan (AMIS) military escort for UNEP fieldwork near El Geneina, Western Darfur. Intense competition over declining natural resources is one of the underlying causes of the ongoing conflict. SUDAN POST-CONFLICT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT Conflict and the Environment 4.1 Introduction and assessment activities 2. an overview of the role of natural resources in the instigation and continuation of historical and current conflicts, listing the major resources of concern and focusing specifically on conflicts involving rangelands and rain-fed agricultural land; and 3. a brief environmental impact assessment of the various conflicts, evaluating the direct and indirect impacts of conflict on Sudan’s environment. Chronic environmental problems are covered in other chapters, though it should be noted that at the local level, the boundary between chronic and conflict-related environmental issues is often unclear. Assessment activities The assessment of conflict-related issues was an integral part of fieldwork throughout the country. In addition, UNEP carried out a number of specific activities, including: Introduction Sudan has been wracked by civil war and regional strife for most of the past fifty years, and at the time of finalizing this report, in June 2007, a major conflict rages on in Darfur. At the same time, Sudan suffers from a number of severe environmental problems, both within and outside current and historical conflict-affected...
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...The Great Basin of North America and Wyoming specifically, is known for its arid and semi-arid environment, as well as prolonged and sometimes severe droughts. Drought is the prolonged and abnormal deficiency of moisture with the concomitant decline in runoff to a level significantly lower than usual (Guldin 1989). The history of droughts in Wyoming has been uncertain in the past, but recent studies of tree rings in the Big Horn Basin of Wyoming have given insight to droughts as far back as 1260A.D. (Gray et al. 2004). Looking at tree ring records in Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and limber pine (Pinus flexilis) trees, Stephen Gray and his colleagues discovered that droughts which have been experienced in Wyoming since the 1750's, are weak in severity and length when compared to those since. The most severe drought period in Wyoming’s history occurred from 1262 to 1281. The droughts of the 1930’s and 1950’s, which have been used as benchmarks for all other droughts in the United States in recent times (Woodhouse et al. 2002), are ranked 149th and 28th respectively in comparison (Gray et al. 2004). The five top ranking droughts for 10, 15, and 20 year periods are all prior to the 1800’s, with the four driest single years being 1263, 1274, 1278, and 1280 (Gray et al. 2004). This indicates a change in precipitation patterns in the Big Horn Basin area of Wyoming since the 18th century, as all recent droughts have been mild when compared to those of Wyoming’s past. Droughts...
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