...the suitable menu objects. Thus it is the oracle forms tool that handles data gathering and data validation in a commercial application. Report Writer: Report writer allows programmers to prepare innovative reports using data from the oracle structures like tables, views etc. It is the report writer tool that handles the reporting section of commercial application. Oracle Graphics: Some of the data can be better represented in the form of pictures. The oracle graphics tool allows programmers to prepare graphs using data from oracle structures like tables, views etc. SQL (Structured Query Language): Structured Query Language is a database computer language designed for managing data in relational database management systems(RDBMS), and originally based upon Relational Algebra. Its scope includes data query and update, schema creation and modification, and data access control. SQL was one of the first languages for Edgar F. Codd's relational model in his influential 1970 paper, "A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks"[3] and became the most widely used language for relational databases. • IBM developed SQL in mid of 1970’s. • Oracle incorporated in the year 1979. • SQL used by IBM/DB2 and DS Database Systems. • SQL adopted as standard language for RDBS by ASNI in 1989. DATA TYPES: 1. CHAR (Size): This data type is used to store character strings values of...
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...be read together with the class lectures, reading material, and statutes dealing with the subject RDBMS/Slide 1 Introduction Flat files - 1960s - 1980s Hierarchical – 1970s - 1990s Network – 1970s - 1990s Relational – 1980s – present Object-oriented – 1990s – present Object-relational – 1990s – present Data warehousing – 1980s – present Web-enabled – 1990s - present RDBMS/Slide 2 1 Introduction Data Models Classification Data models can be classified as: 1. 2. 3. File-based systems Traditional Data Models Semantic Data Models File-based Systems: Entities or objects of interest are represented by records that are stored together in files. Relationships between objects are represented by using directories of various kinds. RDBMS/Slide 3 Introduction Data Models Classification Traditional Data Models: Traditional data models are the Hierarchical, Network and Relational Models. Hierarchical Model:- Evolved from the file based system Network Model:- Is a superset of the Hierarchical model. Relational Model:- Is based on the mathematical concept of relation. Semantic Data Models: This class of data models was influenced by the semantic networks developed by artificial intelligence researchers. Semantic networks were developed to organize and represent general knowledge. These models are able to express greater interdependencies among entities. RDBMS/Slide 4 2 Introduction Common characteristics required for data models: A data model must show...
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...Big Data Big Data and Business Strategy Businesses have come a long way in the way that information is being given to management, from comparing quarter sales all the way down to view how customers interact with the business. With so many new technology’s and new systems emerging, it has now become faster and easier to get any type of information, instead of using, for example, your sales processing system that might not get all the information that a manger might need. This is where big data comes into place with how it interacts with businesses. We can begin with how to explain what big data is and how it is used. Big data is a term used to describe the exponential growth and availability of data for both unstructured and structured systems. Back in 2001, Doug Laney (Gartner) gave a definition that ties in more closely on how big data is managed with a business strategy, which is given as velocity, volume, and variety. Velocity which is explained as how dig data is constantly and rapidly changing within time and how fast companies are able to keep up with in a real time manner. Which sometimes is a challenge to most companies. Volume is increasing also at a high level, especially with the amount of unstructured data streaming from social media such as Facebook. Also including the amount of data being collected from customer information. The final one is variety, which is what some companies also struggle with in handling many varieties of structured and unstructured data...
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...Smith Consulting Database Environment Student Name DBM/380 Date: Instructor name: Smith Consulting Database Environment Smith Consulting’s current employee management system is inefficient involving a one table database, which produces duplication of many attributes throughout the system. The first iteration of database design provided a new version consisting of various one-to-many relationships to link its various modules. There are currently four modules that consist of an employees, jobs, skills, and projects tables. Smith Consulting has many employees filling many jobs descriptions. Furthermore, each job position may encompass many skills. Finally, many employees may be working on many projects. This first iteration of database design provided a database model that is inadequate and requires a return to the database development life cycle (DDLC) to incorporate the needed many-to-many relationships among tables for efficient allocation of human resources in order to better meet company customer needs. An analysis of the database environment has surfaced the various problems and constraints with the current system. This in turn has determined the scope and boundaries for the new system version. An overall objective and supporting objectives provided the needed data specifications, which is depicted in a logical model table and database schema. Database Environment Analysis The current database environment involves a one table database. This current system has various...
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...DBMS vs. RDBMS • Relationship among tables is maintained in a RDBMS whereas this not the case DBMS as it is used to manage the database. • DBMS accepts the ‘flat file’ data that means there is no relation among different data whereas RDBMS does not accepts this type of design. • DBMS is used for simpler business applications whereas RDBMS is used for more complex applications. • Although the foreign key concept is supported by both DBMS and RDBMS but its only RDBMS that enforces the rules. • RDBMS solution is required by large sets of data whereas small sets of data can be managed by DBMS. 1. What is database? A database is a collection of information that is organized. So that it can easily be accessed, managed, and updated. 2. What is DBMS? DBMS stands for Database Management System. It is a collection of programs that enables user to create and maintain a database. 3. What is a Database system? The database and DBMS software together is called as Database system. 4. What are the advantages of DBMS? I. Redundancy is controlled. II. Providing multiple user interfaces. III. Providing backup and recovery IV. Unauthorized access is restricted. V. Enforcing integrity constraints. 5. What is normalization? It is a process of analysing the given relation schemas based on their Functional Dependencies (FDs) and primary key to achieve the properties (1).Minimizing redundancy, (2). Minimizing insertion, deletion and update anomalies. 6. What...
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...Video on Demand (Multimedia databases). - -Video on Demand (Multimedia Databases Introduction Video on Demand (VoD ) is an interactive multimedia system . The fundamental process of its working is same as that of cable television In this , the customer has the option of selecting a movie from a large video database and can watch different programs as and when required . It seems that the video rental shop is present at home . Research is going on to improve the quality of VoD-related services . Some of the VoD-related applications are providing Video Films on Demand , Local news and Weather Forecasting , Games , music and Leisure , Education and Remote Learning Facilities , Home Shopping and Other Consumer Services , Banking etc . This system has three main components . These are Video server : it stores and provides access to programs Data delivery network : it is the linking source for subscriber Set-top box : It is the interface between TV equipments and VoD services MPEG (Motion Picture Experts Group ) is a group of people who work for ISO (International Standards Organization ) to generate digital video standards i .e producing sequences of images in time and to generate audio compression . Various kind of MPEG are ranked on the basis of the speed (in CD-ROM data rates ) at which they deliver video to consumer devices . For example , the speed of MPEG-1 was 1 .5 Mbit /s , MPEG-2 with improved resolution deliver broadcast and HDTV quality video . Over...
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...Topic : Name : Course : Date : Word Count : Abstract NoSQL databases offer a noteworthy change to how venture applications are manufactured, testing to two-decade authority of social databases. The inquiry individuals face is whether NoSQL databases are a fitting decision, either for new extends or to acquaint with existing undertakings. Where they originated from, the nature of the information models they utilize, and the diverse way you need ought to consider utilizing them, why they won't make social databases old, and the essential outcome of bilingual ingenuity. Versatile Search consolidates the force of Apache Lucene (NoSQL since 2001) and the simple to utilize composition free web index that can serve full-content hunt appeal, key-esteem lookups, pattern free investigation demands. The key highlights of Elastic Search with live cases. The discussion won't be a thorough highlight presentation yet rather a review of what and how Elastic Search can accomplish for you. Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. What is Nosql Database Systems? 3. Relational Database Systems 4. Comparison 5. Conclusions 6. REFERENCES 1. Introduction NoSQL stays for Not Only SQL in like manner declared as noseequel. NoSQL is used for securing epic measure of data made by various source, for instance, facebook(audio, highlight and consistently posts). NoSQL is a non-social database organization structure and speedy information recuperation...
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...Review Guide Table of Contents OOPS ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 2 JAVA .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 3 C#....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Database/SQL ................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Web Development............................................................................................................................................................................ 7 SDLC................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 UML ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 11 1 Review Guide OOPS Resources: http://en.wikipedia...
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...In order to accommodate for , and mitigate against the risk of database configuration and implementation mismatch( see risk priority 1), the development team must be able to provide the following: 1. Specific documentation stating what database software is supported by the RMT. 2. Generate and apply specific tests against supported RDBMS. 3. Provide configuration examples for the supported RDBMS software 4. Work with client, and provide support for RDBMS software that is out of scope for integration. 5. Generate scenarios in documentation that explains “like” configurations of the databases. By enforcing a rigid set of examples and tests against the supported RDBMS software, working with the client to ensure that these match specific requirements for development, and providing helpful support when the issue may arise, much of this risk is mitigated by providing a specific path on how to compensate for the risk. 6. Technical Process Plans This section addresses the processes and mechanics behind the RMT development team’s plans to analysis, construct and test the source code based on the client’s needs. 6.1 Process Model...
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...for parallel computation Created by Yahoo Like a Built in Function for Map Reduce We write queries in PIG – Queries get translated to Map Reduce Program during execution HIVE : Provides adhoc SQL like queries for data aggregation and summarization Written by JEFF from FACEBOOK. Database on top of Hadoop HiveQL is the query language. Runs like SQL with less features of SQL HBASE: Database on top of Hadoop. Real-time distributed database on the top of HDFS It is based on Google’s BIG TABLE – Distributed non-RDBMS which can store billions of rows and columns in single table across multiple servers Handy to write output from MAP REDUCE to HBASE ZOO KEEPER: Maintains the order of all animals in Hadoop.Created by Yahoo. Helps to run distributed application and maintain them in Hadoop. SQOOP: Sqoops the data from RDBMS to Hadoop. Created by Cloudera API to extract data from external databases Pulls data from Hadoop and place it in HIVE Put RDBMS data to HDFS Flume and scoop for distributed reading of large data MAHOUT: Machine learning...
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...with RDBMS: As far as data modeling is concerned, OODBMS deals with objects while RDBMS deals with entities. The important features of OODBMs are: 1. Building up of complex objects from simpler ones by application of constructors that represent collections, attributes and relations, and order. 2. The objects in OODBMs have identities independent of their values so that there is a considerable equality and distinction between any two identical objects that point to exactly the same data structure in allocated memory. 3. The objects can be encapsulated i.e. only the operations specified in the interface can be performed on objects by applications and the interface contains hidden implementations which are inaccessible by the applications. 4. Provides database garbage collection i.e. it helps in keeping external programs from having to track the use of object pointers. Next, the main features of RDMS (Relational Database System) are: 1. Efficient secondary data storage management 2. Data provided to be stored is arranged in tables. 3. Data is indexed for quick retrieval of data. 4. A facility primary key is provided to uniquely identify the desired rows. When to Use Object Databases & When Not To? Object databases should only be used when there are complex data relationships. Such relation comprise a many-to-many object relationship. Object databases should not be used when there would be fewer joint tables or large volumes of a simple transactional data. Comparison of RDBMS with...
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...Revision History in next page. Table of Contents 1. Purpose and Scope 3 2. Pre-Install requirements 3 3. EM Deployment Entities that are available today 4 3.1. List of Deployment Procedures 4 3.2. List of Software Library Components 5 3.3. List of Database Templates 5 4. Steps to Provision Oracle Components 6 4.1. Provisioning a RAC Database. 6 4.2. Provisioning a Standalone Database. 17 4.3. Monitoring a submitted procedure. 28 5. Executing root.sh script post install 32 5.1. For CRS install 32 5.2. For RDBMS Install 33 6. Manual Tasks 33 7. Glossary 34 8. Appendix 34 9. References 34 10. Documentation History 35 a. Revision History 35 b. Contributors 35 c. Reviewers 35 Purpose and Scope This document provides complete steps for provisioning an Oracle CRS, RDBMS home and create a vanilla database through Oracle Enterprise Manager (OEM) Cloud control 12c. Pre-Install requirements a) Enterprise Manager Agent should be...
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...Database Management System Tutorial.pdf Free Download Here Database Management System [DBMS] Tutorial http://www.tutorialspoint.com/dbms/dbms_tutorial.pdf i DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM [DBMS] TUTORIAL Simply Easy Learning by tutorialspoint.com tutorialspoint.com Tutorial: Introduction to Database Systems http://home.hit.no/~hansha/documents/database/training/Introduction%20to%20Database%20Systems/Introduction%20to%20 Database%20Systems.pdf Tutorial: Introduction to Database Systems ! 3.2! ... The!software!used!to!do!this!grouping!is!called!arelational!database!management!system.!The!term! COURSE: DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM - Gi?i thi?u http://ccs1.hnue.edu.vn/hoanpt/DBMS/REF/MBA%20758%20Database%20Management%20System.pdf There will be tutorial lectures to organized for this course. ... MBA 758 DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM •Database normalization is usually performed when designing a CP 4105 Database Management System https://www.bitmesra.ac.in/UploadedDocuments/Menu_634642043645840000_CS4105%20Database%20Management%20S ystems%20Tutorial.doc semester-iv. cs 4105 database management system tutorial sheet. department of computer science and engineering, b. i. t. mesra. introduction. 1. discuss the main ... Got a MySpace Page? Table of Contents - Idea2IC http://www.idea2ic.com/File_Formats/Database%20Tutorial.pdf Database Management Systems This is the main screen you'll see when opening up Access to view an existing database. The outer part is the database management system ....
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...Database Design: Relational Database Management Systems Marvin E. Eubanks CIS111: Introduction to Relational Database Management Systems Strayer University Professor: Emelda Ntinglet-Davis November 22, 2011 Introduction Regardless of the size of a company or business, the employees are usually considered the most important asset. However, data should rank equally important as the employees do. It is very vital that a company’s data is stored and maintained as accurately and as quickly as possible. Having a Database Management System allows a business to do just this. Database Management System (DBMS) Webopedia (2011), states it simply: “A DBMS is simply the software program on a computer that is used to store and manipulate data.” Manipulation of data consists of adding new data such as adding personal information about an employee; deleting unwanted data such as deleting the personal information of an employee who has quit or been terminated; or changing existing data such as changing the pay rate of an employee who has been promoted. Advantages to having a DBMS are it aides in data security, data integrity, data sharing, data concurrence, data independence, and data recovery to name a few. Database management systems are important because it allows businesses to manage data more efficient and effective; query language allows quick responses to ad hoc queries; improves access to more data; and reduces the chance that data will be inconsistent. Features...
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...System). The second approach was based on the network data model, which its main aim of creation was to create a standard database that would unify number of functionalities such as programming languages (queries) for data retrieval, and the inability of the existing database to represent complex relationships database management systems (DBMS). However, these two models had some fundamental disadvantages: • Complex programs had to be written to answer even simple queries • There was minimal data independence • There was no widely accepted theoretical foundation. In reference to DBMS and the ability of building complex relational system, many Relational database management system RDBMS has been developed (also referred as a second generation of DBMSs). RDBMS was used extensively in the 80’s and 90’s, however due to its limitation to respond the more complex entity and, needs of companies and the increasing complexity of database applications. Two “new” data models have emerged; the Object-Relational Database Management Systems (ORDBMS) and Object-Oriented Database Management Systems (OODBMS), which subscribes to the relational and object data models respectively. The OODBMS and ORDBMS have been combined to represent the third generation of Database Management Systems. Current trends of database model: 1. Distributed databases: Distributed databases are the most...
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