...Eight Elements of Thought and Reasoning The Eight Elements of Thought and the Eight Elements of reasoning both have eight parts, but there are only four real distinct categories. For example, Point of View and Assumptions are two aspects of the same thing. Re-organize the eight elements of thought and reasoning into four categories. Briefly describe each category. Include the characteristics of the original eight elements in your descriptions. The four real distinct categories are deductive, inductive, abductive or inference, and analogical. Deductive Reasoning: Consist of Implication and Consequences, and Interpretation and Inference. Deductive reasoning is one of the two basic forms of valid reasoning. It starts with an assumed hypothesis or theory, which is why it has been called 'hypothetical-deduction; this assumption may be well-accepted or it may be rather precarious - nevertheless, for the argument it is not questioned. This is the opposite of inductive reasoning, which involves creating broad generalizations from specific observations. The basic idea of deductive reasoning is that if something is true of a class of things in general, this truth applies to all members of that class. One of the keys for sound deductive reasoning, then, is to be able to properly identify members of the class, because incorrect categorizations will result in unsound conclusions. Inferences are interpretations or conclusions you come to. Inferring is what the mind does in figuring...
Words: 452 - Pages: 2
...Tel: 043-‐7453546 Fax: 043-‐7453547 samanthac@border.co.za Dr. D.L. James Editor-‐in-‐Chief Student Perspectives in Cognitive Neuroscience 1 August 2014 Dear Dr. James, I would like to submit my article entitled, “Recovery from Childhood Traumatic Brain Injury: Case Study-‐Susan” for publication as a review article in the Student Perspective in Cognitive Neuroscience. The article traces traumatic brain injury in an eight-‐year-‐old child with a premorbid Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and challenging family environment. With the aid of Luria’s conceptual approach to brain organisation and function, and Piaget’s stages of cognitive development, we are able to gauge the impact of the trauma on brain function and also the long term effects...
Words: 5670 - Pages: 23
...Business Communication Essentials, 6e (Bovee/Thill) Chapter 1 Understanding Business Communication in Today's Workplace 1) Which of the following is true about the importance of effective communication to your career and to the companies where you will work? A) Communication is important for most jobs, except technical jobs such as engineering or finance. B) The higher you rise in your organization, the more time you spend using the technical skills of your profession, and the less time you spend communicating. C) Good communicators are generally more difficult to find than good accountants, good engineers, or good attorneys. D) Good communication has not been linked to financial advantages for companies. E) Communication is important for most jobs, unless you are an entrepreneur. Answer: C Explanation: C) The world is full of good marketing strategists, good accountants, good engineers, and good attorneys—but it is not full of good communicators. Acquiring good communication skills will provide you with an opportunity to stand out from your competition in the job market. Classification: Conceptual AACSB: Communication Abilities LO: 1 Difficulty: Easy Learning Outcome: Describe best practices in team and interpersonal communication 2) Which of the following is true about the importance of effective communication to your career and to the companies where you will work? A) Communication is important for most jobs, except technical jobs such as engineering...
Words: 10914 - Pages: 44
...state could be readmitted into the Union if 10 percent of its voters made a grave promise of reliability to the Union. RADICAL REPUBLICANS These people were members of Republican Party during the Civil War. They did an overwhelming effort to secure rights for liberated slaves during Reconstruction. The Wade–Davis Bill In 1840, two Radical Republicans, Senator Benjamin from Ohio and Henry Winter Davis of Maryland proposed this bill willing for Reconstruction of the South. It demanded the reliability of 50 percent people of readmitting to the union. Andrew Johnson and his plan for Reconstruction In 1864, Abraham Lincoln nominated Andrew Johnson, who was democratic representative from Tennessee, as his Vice Presidential candidate. He thought that with Johnson he would speak to Southerners who never needed to leave the Union. Black codes After the Civil War, southern states passed these laws. According to these laws, black people were insisted to live slave and do labor work “Waving the bloody shirt” In American history, the expression got acclaim with a developed event in which Benjamin Franklin Butler of Massachusetts, when making a talk on the floor of the U.S. Spot of Representatives, professedly held up a shirt with the blood of a carpetbagger whipped by the Ku Klux Klan. Comparison of US emancipation w/ other American societies the greater part of the Haitian Revolution, the French were over the Atlantic, and colonizing somewhere else around the globe, as well...
Words: 4451 - Pages: 18
...Logical Reasoning The Logical Reasoning Section The focus of this book is on the Logical Reasoning section of the LSAT, and each Logical Reasoning section contains a total of 24 to 26 questions. Since you have thirty-five minutes to complete the section, you have an average of approximately one minute and twenty-five seconds to complete each question. Of course, the amount of time you spend on each question will vary with the difficulty of each question and the total number of questions per section. For virtually all students the time constraint is a major obstacle, and as we progress through this book we will discuss time management techniques as well as time-saving techniques that you can employ within the section. The Section Directions Each Logical Reasoning section is prefaced by the following directions: “The questions in this section are based on the reasoning contained in brief statements or passages. For some questions, more than one of the choices could conceivably answer the question. However, you are to choose the best answer; that is, the response that most accurately and completely answers the question. You should not make assumptions that are by commonsense standards implausible, superfluous, or incompatible with the passage. After you have chosen the best answer, blacken the corresponding space on your answer sheet.” On average, you have 1 minute and 25 seconds to complete each question. Because these directions precede every Logical Reasoning section...
Words: 175039 - Pages: 701
...SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS LACK BUSINESS SKILLS TRAINING, EDUCATION AND SOCIAL INNOVATION By: Marisa Cloete Mini Research Proposal History and Theory of Graphic Design 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ………………………………………………………………………….....3 LIST OF FIGURES …………………………………………………………………………………..4 APPENDIX…………………………………………………………………………………………….4 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ………………………………………………………………………..…..5 CHAPTER 1: RESEARCH PROBLEM …………………………………………………………...6 1.1 INTRODUCTION ………………………………………………………………………………...6 1.2 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH PROBLEM ……………..……………………………………6 1.3 BACKGROUND OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM …………….…………..………………,.7 1.4.1 MAIN RESEARCH QUESTION .....................................................................................7 1.4.2 SUB-QUESTION ….....……………………………………………………..………………....7 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW …………………………………………..………………..8 2.1 INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………………….….……………….8 2.2 SOCIAL INNOVATION, SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS AND THEIR BASIC NEEDS…….8 2.3 SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS NEED SKILLS AND TRAINING. ……….……..…………….9 2.4 CASE STUDIES: SUCCESFULL SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS …..……………………..11 2.4.1 LOCAL CASE STUDIES IN RELATION TO DESIGN RESEARCH ……….…….....11 2.4.2 INTERNATIONAL CASE STUDIES IN RELATION TO DESIGN RESEARCH…....12 2.5. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ……………………..……..……...………..13 CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY …….…………….…………….14 3.1 INTRODUCTION ………………………………………………..…………….……………….14 3.2 QUALITATIVE...
Words: 6843 - Pages: 28
...SIGIR 2010 Geneva, Switzerland July 19-23, 2010 DESKTOP SEARCH Workshop of the 33rd Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval Organised by David Elsweiler Gareth J.F. Jones Liadh Kelly Jaime Teevan Copyright ©2010 remains with the author/owner(s). Proceedings of the SIGIR 2010 Workshop on Desktop Search (Understanding, Supporting and Evaluating Personal Data Search). Held in Geneva, Switzerland. July 23, 2010. Preface These proceedings contain details on the invited talks and the papers presented at the SIGIR 2010 Workshop on Desktop Search (Understanding, Supporting, and Evaluating Personal Data Search), Geneva, Switzerland, 23 July, 2010. Despite recent research interest, desktop search is under-explored compared to other search domains such as the web, semi-structured data, or flat text. Even with the availability of several new desktop search tools, users are more successful finding information through browsing their personal collections and subsequently show preference for this approach. Problems with existing desktop search tools include performance issues, an overreliance on good query formulation, and a failure to fit within the user’s work flow or the user’s mental model. As the available storage for desktop collections becomes cheaper and more plentiful and new media types continue to appear, the size and types of items stored in personal collections is growing rapidly. The need for effective methods...
Words: 27968 - Pages: 112
...substitute equivalent activities and assessments based on the instructional needs, learning styles, and interests of their students, the Comprehensive Curriculum should be a primary resource when planning instruction. Grade level expectations—not the textbook—should determine the content to be taught. Textbooks and other instructional materials should be used as resource in teaching the grade level expectations. Lesson plans should be designed to introduce students to one or more of the activities, to provide background information and follow-up, and to prepare students for success in mastering the Grade-Level Expectations associated with the activities. Lesson plans should address individual needs of students and should include processes for re-teaching concepts or skills for students who...
Words: 21740 - Pages: 87
...Conceptual analysis and specification of Morgan’s metaphors using the CAST method Taken from: Gazendam, Henk W.M. (1993). Variety Controls Variety: On the Use of Organization Theories in Information Management. Groningen: Wolters-Noordhoff. 400 pp. ISBN 90-01-32950-0. 4.2. An overview of Morgan's metaphors Morgan (1986) distinguishes eight metaphors for organizations: machine, organism, brain, culture, political system, psychic prison, flux and transformation, and instrument of domination. Each metaphor highlights other aspects of organizational life (see Figure 4.1.). For further analysis, the metaphors can be grouped into three groups: the machine group, the organism group, and the mind group. The machine group only contains the machine metaphor (Paragraph 4.3.). The organism group focuses on the dynamic relationship of organization and environment and contains the organism metaphor and the flux and transformation metaphor (Paragraph 4.4.). The mind group (Paragraph 4.5.) contains two subgroups. The first mind subgroup concentrates on the relationship between the minds of persons and the organization as a social construct; it contains the brain metaphor, the culture metaphor, and the psychic prison metaphor. The second mind subgroup focuses on coordination mechanisms and power plays, and encompasses the political system metaphor and the instrument of domination metaphor. metaphor machine highlights efficiency, quality, and timeliness of production processes in a machine...
Words: 16192 - Pages: 65
...The Master Key System ! Charles F. Haanel Table of Contents A Few Notes About This Edition of The Master Key System! 5 Additional Material! 6 About Charles F. Haanel! 7 Introduction! 9 Week One: An Introduction to the Master Key System! 12 Week Two: The Basics of Your Mind! 20 Week Three: Realizing Your Mental Resources! 28 Week Four: Reversing the Process — From Cause to Effect! 36 Week Five: The Creative Mind! 44 Week Six: The Brain of Man! 53 Week Seven: Utilizing the Omnipotent Power! 62 Week Eight: Thought and Its Results! 71 Week Nine: Affirmations and Your Mind! 81 Week Ten: A Certain Definite Cause! 92 Week Eleven: Inductive Reasoning and the Objective Mind! 101 Week Twelve: The Power of Concentration! 109 Week Thirteen: The Dreams of the Dreamer! 117 Week Fourteen: The Creative Power of Thought! 126 Week Fifteen: The Law Under Which We Live! 136 Week Sixteen: Gaining Spiritual Understanding! 146 Week Seventeen: Symbols and Reality! 155 Kallisti Publishing • Charles F....
Words: 69048 - Pages: 277
...A BRIEF CONTENTS PART 1 • GETTING STARTED 1. Becoming a Public Speaker 2. From A to Z: Overview of a Speech 3. Managing Speech Anxiety 4. Ethical Public Speaking 5. Listeners and Speakers 1 2 8 1 4 23 30 PART 2 • DEVELOPMENT 6. Analyzing the Audience 7. Selecting a Topic and Purpose 8. Developing Supporting Material 9. Locating Supporting Material 10. Doing Effective Internet Research 1 Citing Sources in Your Speech 1. 36 37 49 57 64 73 83 PART 3 • ORGANIZATION 1 Organizing the Speech 2. 1 Selecting an Organizational Pattern 3. 1 Outlining the Speech 4. 92 93 103 1 10 PART 4 • STARTING, FINISHING, AND STYLING 15. Developing the Introduction and Conclusion 16. Using Language 1 22 1 23 1 31 PART 5 • DELIVERY 1 Choosing a Method of Delivery 7. 18. Controlling the Voice 19. Using the Body 1 39 1 40 1 44 1 48 PART 6 • PRESENTATION AIDS 20. Types of Presentation Aids 21. Designing Presentation Aids 22. A Brief Guide to Microsoft PowerPoint 154 155 161 164 PART 7 • TYPES OF SPEECHES 23. Informative Speaking 24. Persuasive Speaking 25. Speaking on Special Occasions 1 74 1 75 188 21 7 PART 8 • THE CLASSROOM AND BEYOND 230 26. Typical Classroom Presentation Formats 27. Science and Mathematics Courses 28. Technical Courses 29. Social Science Courses 30. Arts and Humanities Courses 31. Education Courses 32. Nursing and Allied Health Courses 33. Business Courses and Business Presentations 34. Presenting in Teams 35. Communicating in Groups 231 236 240 243 246 248 25 1 253 258...
Words: 104318 - Pages: 418
...3 Managerial Decision Making: Sherman's Business Course Barbara E. Walvoord Loyola College in Maryland A. Kimbrough Sherman Loyola College in Maryland This chapter begins the discussion of the four classes the research team studied. A. Kimbrough Sherman's production management course is a required course which deals with the operational aspects of a business, such as what goods and services it provides, where it locates, and how it organizes resources, people, and processes. The course has two major thrusts: (1) strategic and tactical decision making and (2) standard (mostly quantitative) decision techniques. Writing in Sher- man's course was directed at the strategic and tactical areas. We (Walvoord and Sherman) collaborated in gathering the data and writing the chapter with generous help from McCarthy and other team members, who helped to shape the study, check data, and critique chapter drafts. Like the other classroom chapters that follow, this chapter addresses our research questions (p. 4) through an examination of Sherman's expectations and each of the six areas of difficulty we constructed for all the classrooms, focusing on how Sherman's methods and the students' strategies appeared to have affected the difficulties. (We follow the basic organizational pattern we outlined on p. 15. Our definitions of difficulties and strategies appear...
Words: 16731 - Pages: 67
...TeA M YYe PG Digitally signed by TeAM YYePG DN: cn=TeAM YYePG, c=US, o=TeAM YYePG, ou=TeAM YYePG, email=yyepg@msn .com Reason: I attest to the accuracy and integrity of this document Date: 2005.07.04 23:45:43 +08'00' ������������ Want to learn more? We hope you enjoy this McGraw-Hill eBook! If you’d like more information about this book, its author, or related books and websites, please click here. HOW TO ACE THE BRAINTEASER INTERVIEW JOHN KADOR M C G R AW- H I L L N E W YO R K MADRID C H I C AG O SAN FRANCISCO MILAN SYDNEY LISBON TO RO N TO LONDON S A N J UA N MEXICO CITY SEOUL NEW DELHI SINGAPORE Copyright © 2005 by John Kador. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-144606-0 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-144001-1. All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special...
Words: 77414 - Pages: 310
...P R E FAC E W elcome to the evolving world of organizational behaviour! Social networks and virtual teams are replacing committee meetings. Knowledge is replacing infrastructure. Values and self-leadership are replacing command-and-control management. Companies are looking for employees with emotional intelligence and team competencies, not just technical smarts. Diversity and globalization have become challenges as well as competitive opportunities for organizations. Co-workers aren’t down the hall; they’re at the other end of an Internet connection located somewhere else on the planet. Canadian Organizational Behaviour, Seventh Edition is written in the context of these emerging workplace realities. This edition explains how emotions guide employee motivation, attitudes, and decisions; how values have become important for guiding workplace behaviour; how self-concept influences employee motivation, team cohesion, leadership, and behaviour; and how appreciative inquiry has become an important strategy for changing organizations. This book also presents the new reality that organizational behaviour is not just for managers; it is relevant and useful to anyone who works in and around organizations. Canadian and Global orientation Canadian Organizational Behaviour, Seventh Edition is written by Canadians for Canadians. It includes several Canadian cases, is anchored by Canadian and global scholarship, and is filled with Canadian examples of organizational behaviour in...
Words: 11430 - Pages: 46
...extraordinary manuscript “The Science of Getting Rich”. “The Master Key System” was a phenomenon of its time, skyrocketing author Charles F. Haanel to fame, as well as to a considerable fortune! “The Master Key System” documents minutely not only the methods, but the science behind the methods which propelled Haanel himself to extraordinary levels of success, as businessman, author and personal mentor to some of his era’s most successful businessmen. Internalise this remarkable book and you too will learn The Secret, the secret of thought as creative energy, as power, as the Master Key to your own development. Haanel’s “Master Key” virtually opens the door to cosmic intelligence, allowing you to attract everything you need to achieve your dreams. Originally written as a correspondence course, the book is divided into twenty-four sections, with exercises in each section to train and develop your mind skills. Take a week at a time, study and re-read each section, build your power of concentration and visualization week by week to the level where you’ll be able to manifest your desires with lightning speed. These are the techniques which made millionaires over and over again, before the book...
Words: 61732 - Pages: 247