...ACADEMIC PLAN FOR SEMESTER-VIII (for 2011-12) SUB : Quality Control & Quality Assurance Sub. Code: ETME – 402 Total Lecture Available: Total Teaching Weeks in Semester: weeks Total Tutorial Classes : |S.No. |TOPICS TO BE COVERED |Lecture | |FIRST TERM | | |1 |Introduction | | | |Introduction, Definitions & Need of Quality | | | |Quality Design, Quality of Conformance, Quality of Performance |1 | | |Quality Characteristic, Specification of Quality, Quality Function | | | |Cost of Quality, Value of Quality, Optimum Quality of Design |1 | | |Inspection & Types of Inspection | | | |Concept of Quality Control & Its Objectives, Inspection v/s...
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...RELIABILITY ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT RELIABILITY MANAGEMENT STRATEGY FOR TEXTILE MANUFACTURING PROCESS FOR RELIABLE TEXTILE MATERIALS BY YUSUF AJIBOLA SARAFADEEN (201318885) Mini Research paper in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree MASTER OF ENGINEERING IN ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT FACULTY OF ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY OF JOHANNESBURG Supervisor: Mr. Alex Rooney TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION RELIABILITY RELIABILITY RELIABILITY MANAGEMENT AND STRATEGY RELIABILITY MANAGEMENT AND STRATEGY TEXTILE MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS TEXTILE MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS TEXTILE MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS TEXTILE MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS DESIGN FOR RELIABILITY DESIGN FOR RELIABILITY 1 2 3 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 9 10 11 12 DESING FOR RELIABILITY 13 DESIGN FOR RELIABILITY OF A TEXTILE MANUFACTURING SYSTEM TO PRODUCE RELIABLE TEXTILE MATERIALS 13 -15 CONCLUSION REFERENCES 16 17 ABSTRACT The improvement of manufacturing process during the past years due to technology advancement and data collected from statistical analysis of plant/equipment failures is remarkable. Many companies have developed to the point where breakdown maintenance and preventive maintenance are the predominant maintenance approaches. Despite these improvements in technology and apparent unending stream of new maintenance management strategies plant/equipment performance is in many cases not the most reliable...
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...11P171 Section – ‘C’ Supervised by- Prof. Manoj Srivastava Abstract In today’s highly competitive world markets, high reliability plays increasingly important role in the modern manufacturing industry. Accurate reliability predictions enable companies to make informed decisions when choosing among competing designs or architecture proposals. This is all the more important in case of specialized fields where operations management is a necessary requirement. Therefore, predicting machine reliability is necessary in order to execute predictive maintenance, which has reported benefits include reduced downtime, lower maintenance costs, and reduction of unexpected catastrophic failures. Here, the role of Support Vector Machines or SVMs comes in to predict the reliability of the necessary equipment. SVMs are cited by various sources in the field of medical researches⁶ and other non-mining fields¹ to be better than other classifying methods like Monte-Carlo simulation etc. because SVM models have nonlinear mapping capabilities, and so can more easily capture reliability data patterns than can other models. The SVM model minimizes structural risk rather than minimizing training errors improves the generalization ability of the models. Contents 1. Objective 2. Literature Review * Introduction of Reliability * Introduction of Support Vector Machine 3. Case Study 4. Conclusion 5. References Objective...
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...INSE 6310 Systems Engineering Maintenance Management (4 credits) 1. General Information • • • • • • INSE 6310: Systems Engineering Maintenance Management (4 credits) Mondays Wednesday: 6:30 p.m. – 9:00 p.m., H-531 Zhigang (Will) Tian, Ph.D., Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering, ENCS. Office: EV7.637, extension 7918, tian@ciise.concordia.ca Office hours: Wednesdays from 2:00 p.m. to 4:00 p.m., or by appointment. Course website: http://users.encs.concordia.ca/~tian/INSE6310 On the course website, you can find lecture slides, handouts, course project information, and other resources. Students are suggested to visit the course website regularly. 2. Course Description • This course teaches basic concepts, models, methods and tools in maintenance management. The related reliability concepts, deterministic replacement, preventive maintenance and condition based maintenance will be discussed. Case studies will be performed. Software tools will be introduced. 3. Prerequisites • • A solid background in Probability and Statistics is required to be successful in this course. MATLAB will be used as a tool to solve assignment problems (primarily Matlab and the Optimization Toolbox). 4. Course Materials • Textbook (required): o Andrew K.S. Jardine, Albert H.C. Tsang. Maintenance, Replacement, and Reliability: Theory and Applications, CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2006. ISBN: 0849339669 • Available at the Concordia University Bookstore. • Put on reserve...
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...MTBF and Power Supply Reliability Abstract: A general misconception is that Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) is the same as the operational life of a product. In fact MTBF represents the statistical approximation of the percentage of units that will pass (or fail) during a products useful life period. MTBF should be considered as a measure of a product’s reliability, not product life. There are many factors that go into the determination of product reliability, such as grounding methods, electrical stresses, and temperature. Oftentimes there are even differences in the way the calculations are derived due to a manufacturer’s methodology and approach to reliability engineering. Product reliability speaks to the strength of the design and the commitment of the manufacturer. Therefore special care should be given to understanding all the key concepts of MTBF. In this way, one can accurately determine the best product and manufacturer for a given application. John Benatti Technical Support Engineer Astrodyne Corporation 508-964-6300 x 6330 jbenatti@astrodyne.com www.astrodyne.com 1 Introduction MTBF (Mean Time Between Failures) may be one of the more familiar terms seen in datasheets, yet there is still a widespread misunderstanding of the term and its application. Consequently, some designers place too much emphasis on this parameter, others very little, and some have trudged through too many disparate data sheets to deem it any use at all. The truth...
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...----------------------- Energy Trace Barrier Analysis (ETBA) – Qualitative analysis technique used to identify hazards by tracing energy flow into, thru, & out of a system. “Energy hazard” is defind as an energy source tht adversely impacts an unprotectd or vulnerable target. Assessment is conductd by following the energy path to determine if adequate controls are in place to assure undesird energy release does not occur.– Energy flow is tracd through the system operation & energy transfer points are identifid– Barriers to ento energy flow are evaluatd to determine adequacy • ETBA process can be applied at any stage of the project lifecycle & can be very useful for:– Systems design –Developing procedures(e.g., lockout--‐tagout). – Planning/judging operational readiness. – During mishap investigation or making “safe--‐to--‐enter” decisions at mishap sites. ETBA Approach • Examine system & identify all energy sources • For each energy source, trace its path through the system • Identify all targets tht could be vulnerable to the energy source • Identify all barriers in the energy flow path • Determine if existing controls are adequate. Energy Source– any material, mechanism, or process tht contains potential energy tht can be releasd •Electrical •Mechanical •Chemical •Radiation• Sonic• Thermal• Nuclear• Pneumatic• Hydraulic• Others Energy barrier --‐ any design or administrative method tht prevents energy from being releasd or prevents a hazardous energy source from reaching a...
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...Chapter 3: Introduction to Reliability Theory Claver Diallo OUTLINE 1. Part 1: Basic Reliability Models 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. System Reliability function Probability distributions Reliability Block Diagram Serial and Parallel Structures Stand-by Structure k-out-of n Structure Complex structure 2. Part 2: Reliability of Structures 3. Part 3: Reliability Allocation 4. References 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Chapter 3 - Part 1: Basic Reliability Models SYSTEM System: a collection of components or items performing a specific function. 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 STATE OF A SYSTEM A system is considered to be in one of the two following states: In operation (Up) Failed (Down) Transition from one state to the other occurs according to a known or unknown probability function. de aF de aF delllliiiiaF de aF 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 noitca ecnanetniaM noitca ecnanetniaM noitca ecnanetniaM noitca ecnanetniaM riapeR riapeR riapeR riapeR e eruliaF gn arepO gn arepO gniiiittttarepO gn arepO SYSTEM LIFETIME Lifetime is a measure of performance. Lifetime is a measure of performance. In general, lifetime is measured by the number In general, lifetime is measured by the of hours the system was in operation. number of hours the system was in operation. It can also be measured by the number of It can also be measured by the number of km or miles raced, number of pages copied, pages copied, km or miles raced, number wheel rotations, …etc. of wheel rotations, …etc. Lifetime (T) is a...
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...minimize their effects. Figure 19.1 shows how this chapter fits into the operation’s improvement activities. Operations strategy Failure prevention and recovery Operations process improvement makes processes better Design Operations management Improvement Total quality management organizes process improvement Planning and control Failure prevention and recovery stops processes becoming worse Topic covered in this chapter Figure 19.1 This chapter covers failure prevention and recovery . 618 Part Four Improvement Key questions I I I I I ??? Why do operations fail? How is failure measured? How can failure and potential failure be detected and analyzed? How can operations improve their reliability? How should operations recover when failure does occur? Operations (not) in practice Barings Bank and Nick Leeson On 3 March 1995 Nick Leeson, the Singapore-based ‘rogue trader’, was arrested immediately after his flight from the Far East touched down in Frankfurt. Since 27 February, the world’s financial community had...
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...| Company A | Memo To: Supervisor From: Brian Nunez Date: 12/3/12 ------------------------------------------------- Re: Cost Quality Considerations ------------------------------------------------- Company A has been producing consumer tangible products in the United States and abroad for more than a decade. We pride ourselves in producing products that anyone can enjoy, no matter age, race, or gender. Our most popular product to date is the Ninja Juicer 2000. This memo will address three cost quality considerations for the Ninja Juicer 2000. The first recommendation is in the area of prevention costs. In order to save the company time and money, there has to be a more detailed defect prevention plan. A great way to ensure fewer defects in the Ninja juicer 2000 is by developing an automated system that assembles the main components of the Ninja juicer 2000 automatically. Assembling the main components of the juicer is becoming more difficult as demand for the juicer has risen. Due to this increased demand, human error has increased. An automated assembly line will drastically decrease human error, and will decrease production time. Tradeoffs for this approach include the potential layoffs of employees, and the high cost to get the automated assembly line up and operational. Although costs may be high at first, the automated assembly will pay for itself the first year. The next recommendation is in the area of appraisal costs. Our company spends thousands of dollars...
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...A distributed system is a collection of processors that run a single system, but may act independently. The processors on a distributed system can be on a single computer or multiple computers and can be spread across a local or wide area network. With this type of systems, potential problems can arise. The following will address some of these problems. Network Failure One problem that may arise in a distributed system is a failure within the network. The processors on a distributed system must communicate with each other over a network and failure to do so could cause problems with the function needing to be carried out. In order to fix this problem, you would need to find out which end the problem is originating from. This can be done by checking the data sent by all the processors and seeing if the data is being sent correctly. This will help to determine whether or not the problem is in the sending of the data or the receiving of the data within the network. After isolating the source of the problem, it can be addressed appropriately. Timing Failure A timing failure can occur when processors on the network are not synchronized. When processors are not synchronized, then processes that require two or more processors might become delayed or fail all together. For instance, if a process the uses multiple processors is schedule to occur at noon and one of the processors’ clock is a couple minutes fast, that processor will start the process too early which could result in a...
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...Chapter 5 Types of Maintenance Programs � 5.1 Introduction What is maintenance and why is it performed? Past and current maintenance practices in both the private and government sectors would imply that maintenance is the actions associated with equipment repair after it is broken. The dictionary defines maintenance as follows: “the work of keeping something in proper condition; upkeep.” This would imply that maintenance should be actions taken to prevent a device or component from failing or to repair normal equipment degradation experienced with the operation of the device to keep it in proper working order. Unfortunately, data obtained in many studies over the past decade indicates that most private and government facilities do not expend the necessary resources to maintain equipment in proper working order. Rather, they wait for equipment failure to occur and then take whatever actions are necessary to repair or replace the equipment. Nothing lasts forever and all equipment has associated with it some predefined life expectancy or operational life. For example, equipment may be designed to operate at full design load for 5,000 hours and may be designed to go through 15,000 start and stop cycles. The need for maintenance is predicated on actual or impending failure – ideally, maintenance is performed to keep equipment and systems running efficiently for at least design life of the component(s). As such, the practical operation of a component is time-based function. If...
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...2. Where is the theater’s control lacking? The company is lacking at the control environment system- the overall governance of the company which has been developed by the top level of the organisation. It comprises of i. Corporate culture ii. Ethics iii. Quality of people to be hired iv. And how the company is controlled. Are the controls themselves weak or incomplete, or are the theater’s problem caused primarily because of lack of disciplines in using the existing controls? The controls in the theatre is weak or incomplete i. Taking their jobs for granted: failed to collect cash from known customers; lead to conflict of interest; fail to identify the ticket carefully; either wrong dates or colors. ii. Misuse the power and authority given: give free tickets to customers that he likes by signing on the tickets; didn’t conduct any supervision on his employees. iii. No proper segregation of duties: the one who record the sales also the one who collect the cash. 3. Identify the control improvements you would suggest for Leo’s Four-Plex: Establish code of conduct a. Set up basic principles for employees to understand what is expected and follow the rules b. Manager should take responsibility to set up the code of conduct Monitoring employees work a. Hire someone to supervise the employees work b. Eg: checking the cash register twice per day at the refreshment stand to avoid failure of the stand attendants to collect cash ...
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...TO: John Smith, Supervisor FROM: SUBJECT: Three types of cost when quality considerations are made Given the highly competitive nature of today’s markets we as a company must provide high quality products to survive. Quality itself has become a major competitive factor and in many ways is a contributing factor in success or failure. The intent of this memo is to identify, explain and evaluate the three types of cost associated with quality. The three types of cost of quality are Prevention costs, Appraisal costs and Failure cost (Both internal and External) (Stevenson, 2009 pg. 421) The first type of cost is Prevention costs. Prevention refers to all costs associated with preventing the failure or non-conforming product or service occurring in the first place. Some specific examples of prevention costs are development of equipment, maintenance and calibration of inspection tools, audits of supplier materials, quality training of employees and the development and implementation of quality control processes. Although initial investments are required to implement prevention costs, they are often considered to be the least expensive cost of quality as many preventive costs and / or processes are repeatable with minimal reoccurring expense. The second type of cost is Appraisal cost. Throughout the process of a product or service being produced an inspection of that product or service must be performed in order to make sure that it is conforming to the quality standard set...
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...I am Prerana Manandhar, fairly simple yet full of life; born and brought up in the capital city. I was a hardworking student from my school days till (+2) was over. It was until I made the most crucial choice of my life in pursuing a promising CA profession. But the entire decision was acutely driven; partly by my family pressure, a considerable peer pressures and mostly the greed to earning lot of money. I did clear my CAP-1 of CA with flying colors. Very soon my false dreams and fake hopes were all shattered. I failed CAP-2. I realized that I was once again trapped into the same scary infinite failure loop. I attempted 4 back to back re-sits and still my best was not good enough to get me through CAP-2 exams. I had completely lost peace of my mind. And in the due course, I had even messed up my BBS. I had realized that if something is not working your way maybe it’s time you change gears. As such, I chose to switch my inclination to the complete opposite and hence got myself completely immersed into noble causes of social welfare without caring what would happen in my life. Then only I realize the true warmth in giving. I got to know about my interest during this time frame. I learnt Indian cooking, bakery etc . I love food and I love cooking. And there are thousands of people who love to eat. I want to start my own business focusing on food business. And doing MBA will teach me the entrepreneur skills and help in my career goal to become a good business person. ...
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...Failure is interesting,” Dyson tells entrepreneur.com. “It’s part of making progress. You never learn from success, but you do learn from failure. I started out with a simple idea, and by the end it got much more audacious and interesting. I got to a place I never could have imagined because I learned what worked and didn’t work. We have to embrace failure and almost get a kick out of it. Not in a perverse way, but in a problem-solving way.” Design graduate Dyson’s ultimately-successful problem-solving experiments began in 1979. “I’d purchased what claimed to be the most powerful vacuum cleaner on the market,” he tells inc.com. “But it was essentially useless. Rather than sucking up the dirt, it pushed it around the room. I’d seen an industrial sawmill which used something called a cyclonic separator to remove dust from the air, and I thought the same principle of separation might work on a vacuum cleaner. I rigged up a quick prototype, and it did.” It took five years and a further five thousand one hundred and twenty-six prototypes to perfect his design, and almost another decade of failed licensing deals and countless fruitless meetings with distributors before Dyson’s Dual Cyclone vacuum cleaner finally went on sale in the UK in 1993. Having failed to interest any manufacturers in the design, Dyson had mortgaged his house to set up his own manufacturing plant. “I liked living on the edge,” he says. “All those years that my house was in hock to the bank… I liked the...
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