...Purpose In his articles, Porporino (1995, 1991) examines the viability of cognitive behaviour therapy as a correctional intervention. After summarizing cognitive behaviour therapy principles, he discusses strategies for implementation, and provides research data supporting its effectiveness, including post release outcomes on the Reasoning and Rehabilitation (R & R) program. Porporino’s conclusions are subsequently compared with other researcher’s opinions and research based empirical data. Methodology Porporino criticises several programs he reviewed that claimed to be cognitive. In particular, he disregards motivational programs that lack empirical evidence of reduction of recidivism, and those programs that criticise forms of thinking without providing reasoning. Likewise, he dismisses programs that criticise current forms of thinking without providing reasoning, or adapted to corrections without adequate training or strategies for implementation. He is also critical of holistic programs that claim to address life skills, stating that they lack the systematic targeting of key factors that maintain criminal attitudes. Although in 1991, he advocated for a living skills program based on the success of the cognitive skills program. Furthermore, he dismisses cognitive programming models based on stages of morality, because they lack empirical evidence and he maintains they are not cognitive (Porporino, 1995, p.p. 2, 3, 18). Why cognitive Porporino maintains it is...
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