...Literature Research Literature reviews are completed by students to learn the proper format for setting up their own research projects. The following is information gleaned on what a literature review is, why it is conducted, and how to understand completing one . Additional information on how to write a review is covered as well. A literature review surveys scholarly articles, books and other sources relevant to a particular issue, area of research, or theory, and by so doing, providing a description, summary, and critical evaluation of these works. Literature reviews are designed to provide an overview of sources you have explored while researching a particular topic and to demonstrate to your readers how your research fits into the larger field of study. A literature review may consist of simple a summary of key sources, but it usually has an organizational pattern and combines both summary and synthesis, often within specific conceptual categories. A summary is a recap of the important information of the source, but a synthesis is a re-organization, or a reshuffling, of that information in a way that informs how you are planning to investigate a research problem. The analytical features of a literature review might: * Give a new interpretation of old material or combine new with old interpretations, * Trace the intellectual progression of the field, including major debates, * Depending on the situation, evaluate the sources and advise the reader on the...
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... 607-625 Page Scan Article PDF Article Summary Journal * 2. The Killing of the Father: The Background of Freud's Group Psychology Jaap van Ginneken Political Psychology, Vol. 5, No. 3 (Sep., 1984), pp. 391-414 Page Scan Article PDF Article Summary Journal * 3. The Secret Lives of Liberals and Conservatives: Personality Profiles, Interaction Styles, and the Things They Leave Behind Dana R. Carney, John T. Jost, Samuel D. Gosling, Jeff Potter Political Psychology, Vol. 29, No. 6 (Dec., 2008), pp. 807-840 Page Scan Article PDF Article Summary Journal * 4. A Kohutian Analysis of President Bush's Personality and Style in the Persian Gulf Crisis Robert H. Swansbrough Political Psychology, Vol. 15, No. 2 (Jun., 1994), pp. 227-276 Page Scan Article PDF Article Summary Journal * 5. Personality and Development in Childhood: A Person-Centered Approach Daniel Hart, Robert Atkins, Suzanne Fegley, Richard W. Robins, Jessica L. Tracy Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, Vol. 68, No. 1, Personality and Development in Childhood: A Person-Centered Approach (2003), pp. i-iii+v+vii+1-122 Page Scan Article PDF Article Summary Journal * 6. Flight into Security: A New Approach and Measure of the Authoritarian Personality Detlef Oesterreich Political Psychology, Vol. 26, No. 2, Special Issue: Authoritarianism (Apr., 2005), pp. 275-297 Page Scan Article PDF Article Summary Journal * 7. When Do Individual...
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...Critical Article Review Overview Critical review of an article is to summarizing, evaluating, and critically commenting on the ideas and information presented in the research work or article. The sections like Title Page, Abstract, Introduction, Technique and methodology used, results and Outcomes, Discussion and debate, References, Tables, charts and Figures in the research paper are being analyze, evaluate and offering comments in critical reviews. Follow these steps when writing a critical review. First step: (understating the main theme) Gain overall idea of the research article by Reading the Article carefully and spend sufficient time to understand its main theme.. Identify the research question and assumptions used which you can find in the Abstract and Introduction of the research paper or article and make notes. Identify the findings and their interpretation by analytical reading from the conclusion, charts and figures and make brief notes of findings and high light the key ideas. Second step: (reading in depth) Now read the research article deeply another time and find out the detail information and how the writer is supporting the assumptions and what is the purpose of the article. Find out the legitimacy and validity of the evidence by examination and going over the references and how are these convincing the research article. Observe the appropriateness of methodologies and find out the weaknesses of the methodologies used in the research article? And...
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...Write an Article Review An article review is both a summary and an evaluation of another writer's article. Teachers often assign article reviews to introduce students to the work of experts in the field. Experts also are often asked to review the work of other professionals. Understanding the main points and arguments of the article is essential for an accurate summation. Logical evaluation of the article's main theme, supporting arguments and implications for further research is an important element of a review. Here are a few guidelines for writing an article review. Steps Sample Article Reviews Sample Newspaper Article Review Sample Research Article Review Writing Your Own Review 1 Read the article several times. Begin by looking quickly at the opening statements, headings and opening sentences of each paragraph and the conclusion. Then go back to the beginning and read the article in its entirety. Reading the article a third time with a highlighter or pen in hand allows for making notes or highlighting important sections. 2 Create a summary outline. This is an outline of the main points made in the article and the supporting research or arguments. It is strictly a restatement of the main points of the article and does not include your opinions. Review the summary outline to eliminate unnecessary items. Erase or cross out the less important arguments or supplemental information. 3 Write an outline of your opinions. Review each item in the summary outline to determine...
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...CETM11 Portfolio item 1 –A comparative literature review This is worth 30% of your module The following learning outcomes are assessed: Knowledge 1. A critical appreciation of the nature of research and the goals of academic reading, information searching and communication. 2 A critical appreciation of the clarity, scientific approach and structure of academic writing. This item will allow you to get feedback on skills that you need to help with the Research Plan in Portfolio item 2. TASK You are required to do a comparative literature review of the following topics (you may need to customise the title to include the domain) Choose one of the following topics on which to do a comparative literature review (word limit 2000 words): * The impact of personality traits of the project leaders in project success * Managing change management * Communication skills and project success * Network security and social networking * The role of effective IT management strategies in organisations * Assessing risks in home and public access wireless networks * Ethics in the design of business applications You may find the Q5 technique useful to map out the structure of each paper before you do the review. The task You will select a topic then find two or more academic papers that address the topic. You are required to write a comparative review of the topic from the perspective of these papers. This may require you to examine several schools of thought...
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...PROJECT PROPOSAL GUIDE TRS3056 : PROJECT TRS3266 : MEDIA PROJECT TRS3284 : CREATIVE MULTIMEDIA PROJECT I TRS3334 : GRAPHIC DESIGN PROJECT 1 : MINOR PROJECT TRS3242 : VISUAL COMMUNICATION PROJECT I TRS3152 : PROJECT I Introduction Project is a compulsory part of the program structure in Bachelor in Information and Communication Technology, Bachelor in Creative Multimedia, Bachelor in Graphic Design, Bachelor in Game Design and Animation, Bachelor in Media Science and Bachelor in Visual Communication. It builds on the skills and knowledge learned in the first two and half years; to enable students to use these to demonstrate competence in the theory and practice based on their respective programs. Aims of Project The main aims of this project are: 1. To provide students with a realistic group experience in designing, implementing and documenting computer, multimedia, and graphics products in the form of applications, systems, design, etc. based on the needs of clients/stakeholders. 2. To let students apply their knowledge and skills in handling tasks with appropriate tools. 3. To provide a learning environment for students to independently manage their projects under supervision. 4. To build students’ ability to present and rationalize their work with confidence and logics. 5. To enable the students to delegate tasks and work as a team, and manage their project time and budget accordingly. General proposal format: 1. Paper Size Type Color 2. Type Face Font Size Title Font Spacing ...
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...Writing a Research proposal and Tips for Literature Review By: Shantiram Dahal 1. Background Human being is the unique product of the nature. In comparison with the other animals, they have most developed nervous and mental system which is very helpful to produce sounds and symbols (letters and numbers) that make possible the communication and recording of their questions, observations, experiences and ideas. To satisfy the curiosity and solving problems of daily life they involve in investigation. In modern times the complexities of human beings are increasing. To reduce such complexities, they have to conduct different research activities. Research is the essential part of graduate and post graduate program. Without conducting any academic research the objectives of the course will not be fulfilled. But conducting research is not as easy as we thought. It is a systematic investigation to acquire new knowledge, information's, facts, appropriate solution to a problem, deduce theory and generalization. It helps scholars to expand the area of knowledge and further study. There are various micro steps should be followed by the teachers for effective academic research. Before conducting research, the researcher have to submit the research proposal for approvable. When the research proposal is approved by the department then the research should be conducted consultation with the research guide. 2. Research proposal The preparation of research proposal is...
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...School of Management Course Syllabus Purpose Seminar/Constructive Action: Intra & Entrepreneurship/Business Planning Course Code: FLD 521 PCA Course Description Students create an intra or entrepreneurial plan for the development and growth of a beneficial and profitable venture incorporating the necessary marketing, financial, legal, organizational and administrative components. Course Objectives After completing the course, the student will be able to: 1. Apply acquired business skills (finance, accounting, marketing, management, negotiation, human relations, legal, and administrative) to create an intra or entrepreneurial business plan for the development and growth of a beneficial and profitable venture. 2. Improve on key business skills including writing, oral communications, goal-setting, and organizational leadership and planning. 3. Produce a business planning document that will enable you to successfully implement your Purpose III Constructive Action project. Course Relevance to CA The course introduces the students to business management: planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling that are applicable to managing entrepreneurial or intrapreneurial ventures. This course prepares the students for real life business operations and teaches them practical application of theoretical learning. Course Prerequisite Purpose I Constructive Action Required Textbook: Stutely, R. (2007). The definitive business plan: the fast-track...
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...A Critical Review of the Research Vincent Reed EDU 695 Dr. Throne February 28, 2011 A Critical Review of the Research A Critical Review of Hansen-Thomas, 2008, ‘Sheltered instruction: Best practices for ELLs in the mainstream,’ Kappa Delta Pi Record, 44 (4), 165-170. Sheltered instruction is defined as a research-based instructional framework developed to meet the academic needs of ELL. In Sheltered Instruction: Best Practices for ELLs in the Mainstream by Holly Hansen-Thomas, (2008) research done on sheltered instructions includes the use of cooperative learning activities involving appropriate heterogeneous groups of ELL students. It includes the use of the ELL first language to enhance comprehensibility, and focuses in on the use of academic language as a key to the curriculum’s vocabulary. In summary, this research also indicates that the use of hands on activities that includes realistic materials, teacher and student based demonstrations, student modeling and strict teaching implementation of learning strategies (Hansen-Thomas, 2008). A Critical Review of Hill & Flynn, 2007, ‘Classroom instruction that works with English Language Learners’, Issues in Teacher Education.’ 16 (2), 86-89. ELL’s are represented in every state and have increased by as much as 400% in many regional areas of the country. In Classroom Instruction that Works with English Language Learners, by Jane Hill and Kathleen Flynn, (2006) recent reports have indicated ELL...
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...Objectives 5 The Challenges Facing Management 6 Undergoing a Paradigm Shift 8 A New Perspective for Management 10 Evidence-Based Management 12 Historical Background: The Hawthorne Studies Reasons for the Emergence of Diversity 35 Developing the Multicultural Organization 38 Individual Approaches to Managing Diversity 39 Organizational Approaches to Managing Diversity 41 Ethics and Ethical Behavior in Organizations 46 47 The Impact of Ethics on "Bottom-Line " Outcomes 13 The Illumination Studies: A Serendipitous Discovery 13 Subsequent Phases of the Hawthorne Studies 14 Implications of the Hawthorne Studies 15 Research Methodology to Determine Valid Evidence 16 The Overall Scientific Perspective 16 Starting with Theory 17 The Use of Research Designs 18 The Validity of Studies 19 Summary 49 Ending with Meta-Analytic Research Findings 50 Questions for Discussion and Review 52 Internet Exercise: Ethical Issues in the Workplace 52 Organizational Behavior Case: How Far-Reaching Are Globalization and Technology? 52 Organizational Behavior Case: I Want...
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...Challenges Facing Management 6 Undergoing a Paradigm Shift 8 A New Perspective for Management 10 Evidence-Based Management 12 Historical Background: The Hawthorne Studies Reasons for the Emergence of Diversity 35 Developing the Multicultural Organization 38 Individual Approaches to Managing Diversity 39 Organizational Approaches to Managing Diversity 41 Ethics and Ethical Behavior in Organizations 46 47 The Impact of Ethics on "Bottom-Line " Outcomes 13 The Illumination Studies: A Serendipitous Discovery 13 Subsequent Phases of the Hawthorne Studies 14 Implications of the Hawthorne Studies 15 Research Methodology to Determine Valid Evidence 16 The Overall Scientific Perspective 16 Starting with Theory 17 The Use of Research Designs 18 The Validity of Studies 19 Summary 49 Ending with Meta-Analytic Research Findings 50 Questions for Discussion and Review 52 Internet Exercise: Ethical Issues in the Workplace 52 Organizational Behavior Case: How Far-Reaching Are Globalization and Technology?...
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...How to write a literature review What is a literature review? The aim of a literature review is to show your reader (your tutor) that you have read, and have a good grasp of, the main published work concerning a particular topic or question in your field. This work may be in any format, including online sources. It may be a separate assignment, or one of the introductory sections of a report, dissertation or thesis. In the latter cases in particular, the review will be guided by your research objective or by the issue or thesis you are arguing and will provide the framework for your further work. It is very important to note that your review should not be simply a description of what others have published in the form of a set of summaries, but should take the form of a critical discussion, showing insight and an awareness of differing arguments, theories and approaches. It should be a synthesis and analysis of the relevant published work, linked at all times to your own purpose and rationale. According to Caulley (1992) of La Trobe University, the literature review should: • compare and contrast different authors' views on an issue • group authors who draw similar conclusions • criticise aspects of methodology • note areas in which authors are in disagreement • highlight exemplary studies • highlight gaps in research • show how your study relates to previous studies • show how your study relates to the literature in general • conclude by summarising what the literature says The...
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...study, this should be very specific in nature. The statement of the problem might begin with the words, "The problem of the study is...." or "This study will address the problem of..." Guiding questions for this area are: • • • Does the problem pose significance for education? Will the problem present data that explains previously unexplained facts? Will the problem serve as a point of departure for the study? Purpose of the Study - this section provides you with an opportunity to tell the reader the overall purpose of your study. For a thesis, include research questions to be answered and/or hypotheses. Guiding questions are: • • • • • • • • Is the question directly related to the review of the literature? Does the question help clarify the problem statement? Does the question project a bias? Is it possible to misinterpret the question? Is the objective specific and clearly stated? Is the objective directly related to the review of the literature? Is each hypothesis clearly stated? Are the hypotheses testable? Limitations - these are constraints to the study that are beyond your control but that may influence the data. Limitations may emerge at...
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... 2. Use the Short Cycle Process to familiarize yourself with the case. 3. Use the Long Cycle Process to analyze the case 4. Usually there will be group meetings to discuss your ideas. 5. Write up the case (if required) 2. In the class discussion: 6. Someone will start the discussion, usually at the prompting of the Instructor. 7. Listen carefully and take notes. Pay close attention to assumptions. Insist that they are clearly stated. 8. Take part in the discussion. Your contribution is important, and is likely a part of your evaluation for the course. 3. After the class discussion: 9. Review ASAP after the class. Note what the key concept was and how the case fits into the course. Six steps in case study report Step 1. Determine and Define the Research Questions The researcher establishes the focus of study by forming questions about the situation or problem to be studied and determining a purpose for the study. Case study...
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...A CRITICAL REVIEW OF AN ANOREXIA NERVOSA RESEARCH Institution: Name: Tutor: Date: TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION AND LITERATURE REVIEW 3 PURPOSE STATEMENT REVIEW 5 RESEARCH METHOD REVIEW 6 RESULTS ANALYSIS 7 DISCUSSION ANALYSIS 8 SUMMARY REVIEW 8 REFERENCE 10 INTRODUCTION AND LITERATURE REVIEW Factoring that AN is fast rising disease that cannot be treated by common medicine, there is a great need for further information on what it entails. According to the research, the project seeks to further understand what fosters the development of Anorexia Nervosa. This disease is a behavioral disease, meaning that it can be treated and stopped and the research is proving that significant steps can be made towards eradication or maybe just simply minimized. It is terribly sad that this is a disease suffered by women and it is proving very hard to deal with due to the exaltation of the human being physical and thus making people with little self esteem grow up knowing that. This research will prove instrumental as it seeks to create an alternative approach to the said disease. The literature review was not very thorough and comprehensive factoring the number books, references made in the entire book. Some may be of the opinion that a lot of literature material was used in the research, but the fact one uses the same types of book and material doesn’t make them to be thorough but rather biased (Halawi, 2005). The researchers and the literature review were thus biased as the books used...
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