...Role of Government in Social Welfare ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN SOCIAL WELFARE A Government consists of group of people who govern a state. The proper governing of state plays a very important role in the development of a country. The government should take all necessary steps for the betterment of the country and its people. A democratic country is for the people, by the people and to the people. Therefore government of any country should act wisely for the development of the community. Social welfare is a policy in which the well being of a society at large is the main target. It includes every class/group of people in the society i.e. children, women, the disabled, old etc and the basic standard of living is guaranteed to every one. ROLE OF SOCIAL WELFARE DEPARTMENT OF GOVERNMENT OF MIZORAM Social Welfare was created as a small wing under Education Department during 1973 – 74 with one State Social Welfare Officer, one District Social Welfare Officer and a skeleton supporting staff. During 1974-75, the Social Welfare Is this essay helpful? Upgrade your account to read more and access more than 650,000 just like it! GET BETTER GRADES Wing was strengthened by posting one Programme Officer. Today, as many as 506 staff belonging to different grades is working in the Department, covering the whole of Mizoram. The Department of Social Welfare has been taking up various schemes for the upliftment of women and children, handicapped persons, old age persons, management of correctional...
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...Chenhall Monash University Matthew Hall London School of Economics and Political Science David Smith Monash University Social capital The role of management control systems in NGOs Research executive summary series Volume 6 | Issue 6 Key findings: • Non-governmental organisations (NGOs) are being confronted with the competitive nature of acquiring funds and need to demonstrate that they have particular competencies to funders, while at the same time continuing to adhere to their traditional welfare or development values. • The evidence shows that developing formal management controls can help NGOs to develop networks with government departments, funding agencies, other service providers and clients. However, formal management controls also have the potential to damage the internal bonding between employees. • Developing belief systems to incorporate financial concerns, along with traditional welfare goals, would seem a useful starting point in the move towards managing in a more competitive NGO sector. Overview and objectives In recent years non-governmental organisations (NGOs) have become increasingly important in addressing humanitarian issues relating to welfare and developmental aid. NGOs face increasing pressure to demonstrate service delivery in cost efficient ways. This creates tension over delivering welfare services while operating within the constraints of cost management. The application of management control systems has the potential...
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...Dr Tomasz Kaźmierczak University of Warsaw The social policy responsibilities and tasks of local government in Poland Introduction In Poland, local social policy consists primarily of welfare assistance, i.e. the domain covering a range of universal (categorical) social services and means-tested monetary benefits. An important part of Poland's social security system, welfare assistance is guided by the principles of personalized support and discretional decision-making. Unlike the old-age and disability pension system - a pillar of the country's social security framework - which remains centrally administered, welfare assistance is almost entirely devolved to local government. Local authorities are wholly responsible for the provision and - to a lesser extent - financing of statutory welfare benefits and services. In addition, non-governmental organizations have taken on an increasing role in social service delivery over recent years, although this varies greatly by area. Regardless of local disparities in the availability of non-governmental service providers, authorities are obligated to cooperate with them. By contrast, the presence of profit-oriented companies in social service provision remains fairly marginal. Poland's current institutional regime, including its social-policy model (i.e. the organizational structure and instruments, the division of roles between the state, for-profit and non-profit sectors and the relationships between the state...
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...Examine the approach and policies of governments towards families During the period 1945-1970’s the government attempted to develop the welfare state by adopting an approach that was highly interventionist. Over the last fifty years, the state has changed considerably. It has gone from being a ‘big’ state in years between 1945 – 1970, to a state which gives minimal state support in the years between 1980 and 1990 and an enabling state from the years 1997 -2010. The welfare state is a social system whereby the state assumes primary responsibility for the welfare of its citizens, as in matters of health care, education, employment, and social security. A social policy is simply a proposal or an initiative that is put into practise by a political party or a government that relates to any area of social life, and in this case the family. One policy the government introduced was the welfare state. The welfare state was introduced by Attlee’s government after their election victory in 1945, in response to the Beveridge Report of 1942. Beverigde was a British economist and social reformer who were closely associated with the development of the welfare state. The welfare state was created by the labour government to end poverty and look after everyone from the ‘cradle to grave’. The main parts of the welfare state included NHS, child benefits, job seekers allowance, and pensioners for elderly, education, state housing etc. The government’s purpose was to actively intervene in...
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...edu/executive-adviser/2010-3/5231/the-case-against-corporate-social-responsibility/ The Case Against Corporate Social Responsibility By Aneel Karnani August 22, 2010 The idea that companies have a duty to address social ills is not just flawed, argues Aneel Karnani. It also makes it more likely that we’ll ignore the real solutions to these problems. Can companies do well by doing good? Yes—sometimes. But the idea that companies have a responsibility to act in the public interest and will profit from doing so is fundamentally flawed. Large companies now routinely claim that they aren’t in business just for the profits, that they’re also intent on serving some larger social purpose. They trumpet their efforts to produce healthier foods or more fuel-efficient vehicles, conserve energy and other resources in their operations, or otherwise make the world a better place. Influential institutions like the Academy of Management and the United Nations, among many others, encourage companies to pursue such strategies. It’s not surprising that this idea has won over so many people—it’s a very appealing proposition. You can have your cake and eat it too! But it’s an illusion, and a potentially dangerous one. Very simply, in cases where private profits and public interests are aligned, the idea of corporate social responsibility is irrelevant: Companies that simply do everything they can to boost profits will end up increasing social welfare. In circumstances in which profits and social welfare are in direct opposition...
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...‘Liberalism is defined by the desire to minimise the role of the state’ Discuss. Liberalism as an ideology revolves around the idea of freedom for the individual. The reason for this is due to the liberal’s view of human nature; they see the human being as unique and rational; able to make decisions in their best interest. Although all liberals agree on individual freedom, when it comes to the role of the state they are split down the middle. On one side there are the classic liberals who believe in as little state intervention as possible, and on the other side there is the modern liberals who believe state intervention is necessary as it can develop people and create equal opportunity. When looking at a liberal view of the state it is necessary to focus on both modern and classic liberals and compare their ideas. Classic liberalism can clearly be defined by the desire to minimise the role of the state, this is also known as negative freedom. Whereas modern liberalism believes the state is necessary to develop individuals and create opportunity, this is known as positive freedom. The individual is important to both Classical and Modern liberals, as Mills stated, “Over himself, over his own body and mind, the individual is sovereign”. For liberals, the individual is the most important part of their belief and government should not restrict the individual. Instead of looking at society as a whole, they look at it as a group of individuals, all striving to be the best they...
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...SOCIAL POLICY ANALYSIS: WELFARE TO WORK Research is key to the continued development of the theory and knowledge base of social work practice. The AASW supports the undertaking of research as a key activity to build and maintain the mission of the social work profession. Research is an essential area of social work practice and is included in the AASW Practice Standards for Social Workers, (section 4.3), highlighting its importance to social work practice. Social workers are expected to “understand the role of research and evaluation in obtaining and generating new knowledge for practice.” (AASW 2013) Social work research informs professional practice. Through social work research, the profession can: * Assess the needs and resources of people in their environments * Evaluate the effectiveness of social work services in meeting people needs * Demonstrate relative costs and benefits of social work services * Advance professional education in light of changing contexts for practice * Understand the impact of legislation and social policy on the clients and communities we serve Australia’s population is ageing. At the same time, spending on income support payments as a whole (and not just age pensions) is anticipated to increase. Without on-going high rates of economic growth, the nation will struggle to support its ageing population and those who rely on government income support (ABS, 2006). Australian governments have long recognized the...
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...Although sociologists agree that social policy can have an important influence on family life, they hold different views about what kinds of effects it has and whether these are desirable. In this essay I will examine a range of different sociological views or perspectives on the impact of social policy on families. The actions and policies of governments can sometimes have profound effects on families and their members. Cross-cultural examples from different societies and historical periods can show us some of the more extreme ways in which the state’s policies can affect family life, this can help us to see the relationship between families and social policies in a new light. One particularly striking attempt by the state to shape family life was the policy set by China on controlling the population, and birth rate within the country. Chinas population control policy has discouraged couples from having more than one child. According to Adrian Wilson (1985) the policy is supervised by the workplace family planning committees; women must seek their permission to try and become pregnant, and there is often a waiting list and a quota for each factory. Couples who comply with the policy get extra benefits, such as free child healthcare and higher tax allowances. Functionalists see society as built on harmony and consensus, and free from major conflicts. They see the state as acting in the interests of society as a whole and its social policies as being for good for all. Functionalist’s...
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...Examine the ways in which the government policies and laws may affect the nature and extent of family diversity. Government policies and laws are put in place to uphold moral values of society and force people to take responsibility over themselves and who else they may be responsible for e.g. children. Although the government see its policies as being able to produce the ‘ideal’ nuclear family where the man works and the woman looks after the children, the policies today fail to take into account the changes in society and the different types of families that are becoming more common in society. The government’s policies affect different family types in different ways e.g. the government policies and laws benefit married couples in more ways that cohabiting couples and single parent families as they make divorce harder as well as being benefiting married couple financially as they can claim more tax allowances. This policy only benefits married couples as the government sees the nuclear family as the ideal family and therefore benefits this certain family type through its laws and policies. Functionalists see society built on harmony and consensus and free from major conflicts. They see the state as acting in the interests of society as a whole and its social policies as being for the good of all. Functionalists see policies as helping families to perform functions more effectively to make life better for their members. Ronald Fletcher believes the introduction of health...
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...(1970s- Era of welfare state challenges) • A series of developments predicted welfare state crises, cutbacks and retrenchment • The irreversible nature of welfare state expansion could no longer assumed • Why's the 1970s crisis different? ○ Historically there has been references to welfare state crisis (See Pierson, 2006:144-145) ○ What was the significant about 1970s was the convergence of Crises/Challenges • Convergence of crisis ○ Economic § Economic recession in the 1970s: rising level of unemployment and inflation, decline in tax revenue. § Rising costs of welfare state: Continuous demand for additional social expenditure and new services. § Globalization: Limited the policy scope of national governments ○ Social...
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...Microeconomics has a role in society as well as in the economy of a region. This field of study allows economists to determine not only the patterns of consumers, businesses, and other organizations that are spending money but also the factors that are affecting spending habits and production decisions. Microeconomics involves studying the concepts and ideas that establish supply and demand in a particular market and the way that consumers and businesses alike prioritize their spending. Essentially, the role of microeconomics is to determine how, when combined, small economic components are affecting the broader economy. Instead of looking at market indicators that represent a wide field of data, however, this type of study considers how individuals, households, or specific markets are responding to markets. Although this economic approach does not necessarily reveal or determine economic conditions, the process offers insight into the way that consumers and businesses alike decide the value of a particular product or service. This is expressed in the amount of resources that either the consumer or business dedicates to an item. Rather than tallying the way that consumers as a whole are responding to a particular product, for instance, microeconomics begins with the study of the extent of demand stemming from one single consumer. Once this demand has been determined, this study continues and expands to include a greater number of individuals in the assessment. Economists also...
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...schemes. Income guarantee schemes are social welfare provisions in which governments offer incomes to the citizens to enable them meet their needs as long as they meet established conditions. The origin of this scheme lies in the understanding that every citizen has a right to wealth and property of the state. It is also based on the reality that not all citizens are capable of earning income or sustaining themselves. Income guarantee schemes are based on social welfare models, which conceptualize that it is the role of the government to cater for the needs of the citizenry. Therefore, income guarantee schemes undermine the ideals of capitalism that call for individual efforts for purposes of meeting needs. Income guarantee schemes have a long history of evolution, implementation, and success. Introduction The United States has a number of anti-poverty programs that guarantee economic support to the vulnerable in society (Economist, 2013, p. 1). Income guarantee schemes can be of great relief to a number of poverty stricken people in the country. In Canada, a four-year experiment with income generation schemes was successful but due to economic period of the time, the schemes were discontinued (Belik, 2011, p. 1). Though they intend to end poverty and provide economic equality, income guarantee schemes are counterproductive because they make it less desirable for people to be productive. Income guarantee schemes denote the role of government in providing free income to its...
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...which an individual’s freedom imposes upon another’s. However the modern liberal T.H Green suggested that people have a natural desire to enhance others’ welfare as well as their own. Modern liberals have a more optimistic view of human nature. Hence, people’s egoism is tempered with a sense of social responsibility. Therefore according to modern liberals this philanthropic instinct suggests that the state should help those in need, enabling them to achieve the same fulfillment as others through the provision of state welfare. Therefore liberals agree on the primacy of the individual and in the pursuit of maximum freedom but they are divided over the role of the state to achieve these. Liberals disagree about the concept of liberty, and as a result the liberal ideal of protecting individual liberty can lead to very different conceptions of the task of government. Classical Liberals believe in negative freedom. This conception of freedom is ‘negative’ in that it is based on the absence of external constrains on the individual. Consequently the state is regarded as a ‘necessary evil’. Evil in that it imposes collective will on society thereby limiting the freedom of the individual but necessary in that, it lays down the conditions for orderly existence. Classical Liberals thus believe in a minimal state whose legitimate role is limited to the protection of ‘life, liberty and...
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...main concerns of which has been public welfare policies. As the history of Australian welfare state has developed with substantial inputs from pressure groups, it is worth questioning whether their influence is still considerable in shaping or changing public policy outcomes. This essay will argue that the history of Australian welfare state development has largely prevented pressure groups from establishing a solid foundation in the welfare policy area, and that their participation in the welfare policymaking process...
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...result: _____________ Date: ________________ The analysis of the Welfare system in your country and link to poverty reduction measures Esping-Anderson's welfare regimes Mr. Esping-Andersen is one of the most influential theorists and researchers the development of the welfare state. His most important work is The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism which was first empirically tested theories about the different types of welfare regimes in the developed countries. This work has made a very strong impact on research in the area of social policy. By Esping Andersen there are three types of welfare regime: * social democratic regime; * conservative-corporatist regime; * liberal-democratic regime. The welfare state is a specific historical construct that has developed between the thirties and sixties, based on a new social contract between the state and citizens, which provides basic social redistribution of risk. Social-democratic regime is called the Scandinavian or Nordic. Social rights are based on the status of a citizen, that is, on citizenship. Therefore, this system guarantees the social rights of all citizens. In the social-democratic welfare state services are cover a wide range of social risks. This regime seeks to minimize the role of the market or break the connection between the market and social welfare of citizens. It was developed...
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