...the Roy Adaptation Model: Last 25 Years Nursing Science Quarterly 24(4) 312–320 © The Author(s) 2011 Reprints and permission: sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/0894318411419218 http://nsq.sagepub.com Callista Roy, PhD; RN; FAAN1 Abstract Two key events lead to the prominence of links among Roy’s grand theory, derived middle-range theories and the design of research. The author in this column describes this work in two formats. Essential details of two areas of research are presented in episodic form—the first is work on secondary analysis of Roy model-based research over 40 years and the author’s study of persons’ cognitive recovery from mild head injury.The second is a project on re-conceptualizing coping and adaptation processing in sequential detail within the context of work in the field and the significance of on-going work for nursing practice. Keywords adaptation, coping, middle-range theory, research, Roy adaptation model The story of research based on the Roy adaptation model (RAM) can be told in many ways. When asked to write about research based on the RAM in the past 25 years I considered the major events of those years and also how to organize a description of the resulting research. First, I considered that it was 20 years ago that the first group presented a synthesis and critique of studies based on the RAM by five different investigators (Pollock et al., 1991). This was the beginning of the Roy Adaptation Association...
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...Helen Wiggins Comm Theory Spee 390 Dr. Almeida EXPECTANCY VIOLATIONS THEORY Judee K. Burgoon is an American academic. She is Professor of Communication and Professor of Family Studies and Human Development at the University of Arizona. She is also Director of Human Communication Research for the Center for the Management of Information and Site Director for Center for Identification Technology Research at the university, and currently holds an appointment as Distinguished Visiting Professor with the Department of Communication at the University of Oklahoma, and the Center for Applied Social Research at the University of Oklahoma. She has published over 240 articles and 7 books. Among the theories that she is most notably linked to are: Interpersonal Adaptation Theory, Expectancy Violations Theory, and Interpersonal Deception Theory. This paper will give insight about two journals that elaborate on Burgoon’s Expectancy Violations Theory. It will also compare the difference of the journals with Em Griffin’s approach about the theory and how I personally feel that the journals may be the same or different than the views of Griffin. Journal 1: “Nonverbal Expectancy Violations: Model Elaboration and Application to Immediacy Behaviors” By: Judee Burgoon & Jerold Hale The journal discusses that nonverbal expectancy violations theory holds that positive violations produce more favorable communication outcomes than conformity to expectations, while negative violations...
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...Importance of Theory Paper THE ROY ADAPTATAION MODEL Kandace Wood Chamberlain College of Nursing Course Number: N501 March 2015 Introduction: Theories and models despite not being synonymous are used interchangeably in nursing. In general a theory is considered to be a speculative statement that is concerned with some elements of reality that are not yet proven. There are a number of theories in the field of nursing also which are used to support practice and decision making. In this regard, Viki Burges writes, “The application of individual nursing practice is based on a combination of scientific, medical, philosophical, psychological, sociological, and nursing theories. There is no one theory that fits every situation, area of practice or practitioner” (Burges, 2009). There are a number of grand theories in nursing of which one is the Roy adaptation model. This model was developed by Sister Callista Roy as a framework for theory, practice, and research in nursing. An important fundamental assumption in the Roy Adaptation model is that the person is a bio-psycho-social being who is in constant interaction with a changing environment. Despite being considered a complex model, it has been used widely and several research studies have highlighted its importance and effectiveness in health care settings. Basic Assumptions of the Roy Adaptation Model: The basic assumptions of the Roy Adaptation model have been discussed...
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...Comparison and Analysis across Theories The purpose of the nursing theories is to provide an interrelating framework focusing on the nursing practice. The defined nursing theories promote better patient care, improve the status of nursing profession, and improve the communication between the nurses, and provide guidance to the researches and education (Keefe, 2011). Not all nursing theories have the same meanings; however, they play the important role of explaining the key concepts and principles of nursing practice in understanding way. Dorothy Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory and Sister Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model are considered as grand nursing theories. The grand nursing theories are a conceptual model, which identifies the focal point of nursing inquiry and guide the development of mid-range theories that will become useful to nurses and also to other health professionals. According to Walker and Avant (2011), these theories contributed in “conceptually sorting the nursing from the practice of medicine by demonstrating the presence of distinct nursing perspectives.” In this essay, Orem’s Health Care Deficit Theory and Sister Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model are compared and analyzed for their importance in nursing. Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory is one of three grand theories written by Dorothea E. Orem. According to Orem, nursing becomes necessary when an individual can no longer care for him or herself. Nursing provides...
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...Comparison and Analysis Across Theories Comparison and Analysis across Theories The purpose of the nursing theories is to provide an interrelating framework focusing on the nursing practice. The defined nursing theories promote better patient care, improve the status of nursing profession, and improve the communication between the nurses, and provide guidance to the researches and education (Keefe, 2011). Not all nursing theories have the same meanings; however, they play the important role of explaining the key concepts and principles of nursing practice in understanding way. Dorothy Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory and Sister Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model are considered as grand nursing theories. The grand nursing theories are a conceptual model, which identifies the focal point of nursing inquiry and guide the development of mid-range theories that will become useful to nurses and also to other health professionals. According to Walker and Avant (2011), these theories contributed in “conceptually sorting the nursing from the practice of medicine by demonstrating the presence of distinct nursing perspectives.” In this essay, Orem’s Health Care Deficit Theory and Sister Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model are compared and analyzed for their importance in nursing. Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory is one of three grand theories written by Dorothea E. Orem. According to Orem, nursing becomes necessary when an individual can no longer care...
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...Sister Callista Roy She is a highly respected nurse theorist, writer, lecturer, researcher, teacher and member of a religious community. She currently holds the position of professor and nurse theorist at Boston College Connell School of Nursing. As a researcher some of her research interests are conceptualizing and measuring coping, basis of adaptation nursing, implications of individual and common good for clinical nursing, and emerging nursing knowledge and practice outcome. She developed the Adaptation Model of Nursing in 1976. The theory was influenced by observations of practice; insights derived from existing theories and other literature sources. After working with Dorothy E Johnson, Roy’s mentor during her graduate nursing education, she encouraged Roy to develop her thoughts on adaptation into conceptual framework for nursing. Roy becomes convinced of the importance of describing the nature of nursing as a service to society. This prompted her to begin her model with goal of nursing being to promote adaptation. Roy’s model was conceived when nursing theorist Dorothy Johnson challenged her students during a seminar to develop conceptual model of nursing. Johnson’s nursing model was the impetus/motivation for the development of Roy’s adaptation model. Roy’s model incorporated concepts from Adaptation – Level – Theory of Perception from renowned American physiological psychologist Harry Helson, Ludwig von Bertalanffy’s system model and Anatol Rapoport’s system definition...
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...Contemporary Nursing Theories NUR513/Theoretical Foundation of Practice June 4, 2012 Lisa Ousley Contemporary Nursing Theories Introduction Nursing is a profession that employs the use of the combination of physical science, social science, nursing theory, and technology in the provision of care to others (Sigma Theta Tau International). Nursing theories serve as the groundwork for the practice of the profession. It guides every nurse on how to do things effectively and competently. This paper endeavors to give emphasis on contemporary nursing theories specifically focusing on a variety of aspects, such as definitions, concept statements, metaparadigms, philosophies, and conceptual models. Moreover, this paper also aims to tackle one particular nursing theory in relation to its application in practice. Contemporary Nursing Theories Early nursing theorists aimed in defining what is nursing; conversely, contemporary theorists discussed the metaparadigm concepts in more depth, gave high regard to nursing actions in particular, and attempted to provide the rationale about when is nursing necessary (Daniels, 2004). The works of contemporary theorists like Myra Levine, Dorothea Orem, and Sister Callista Roy as highlighted by Daniels (2004), serve as the theoretical basis for a variety of interventions in current nursing practice. Core Concepts In the theories formulated by Sister Callista Roy, which is known as the adaptation theory and in the -self-care theory by Dorothea...
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...Nursing Philosophy and Comparison Paper A Comparison of Personal Philosophy and Sr. Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model September 14, 2011 Nursing Philosophy and Comparison Paper A Comparison of Personal Philosophy and Sr. Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model A personal philosophy is what one values for themselves as human beings. It reflects the many faceted realities of their self-concept and is influenced by: culture, spirituality, morals, values, and belief concepts. The relevance of one’s personal philosophy to nursing is significant. One’s philosophy directly affects the interpersonal relationship and care given to patients. For the purpose of this paper, the author will reflect and incorporate her nursing philosophy with the four nursing metaparadigms: person, environment, health and nursing, with the Roy Adaptation Model (RAM) and compare similarities’ and differences. Personal Philosophy The author’s personal philosophy is seeded in spirituality and seeing the world as interconnected with a divine source where all things are possible. She attempts to integrate the core concepts of her philosophy: intuition, altruism, holism, empathy, knowledge, compassion and advocacy into the nursing process. The author will define and demonstrate her nursing philosophy as applied to the metaparadigms. The person is viewed as a unique individual and energetic being (spirit) within a physical and integrated body system connected to a higher supreme source; environment:...
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...Nursing Theory Assignment Clifton Reed Mississippi University for Women NU 459 Dr. Linda Mills January 25, 2016 Nursing Theorist Shape Modern Nursing Every industry that has been able to survive and build upon its earlier growth has been able to do so because of research, theory, or evidenced-based practice. This statement cannot be more true about the wonderful world of nursing. The world of healthcare continues to change. The airline industry and nuclear power industry have prided themselves on finding ways to standardize processes and decrease accidents and improve employee and public safety. The automotive industry was charged with producing more energy-efficient vehicles. In nursing the goal is to utilize theory and evidenced-based practice to improve the quality of life of communities and people that entrust their care to nurses. Nursing has been forever indebted to many theorists of the modern nursing era. Two notorious individuals that linger in one’s mind are Sister Callista Roy and Madeleine Leininger. These two ladies have helped to transform nursing because of their contributions to evidenced-based practice, nursing research, and nursing theory. Nurses today have a tremendous amount of theory and history to reflect upon. This paper will focus on Sister Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model of Nursing and Madeleine Leininger’s Transcultural Nursing Theory. Sister Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model of Nursing states that one is at...
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...Theorists’ Grading Criteria” document, located on the Materials page of the student Web site. Name: Steve Early Theorist Selected: Sr. Callista Roy Description of Theory: Sister Callista Roy believed that “Humans are bio-psycho-social beings existing within an environment. Needs are created within interrelated adaptive modes: physiological, self-concept, role function, and interdependence” (Taylor 74). Sr. Roy believed that the patient’s modes of adaption were partly innate and partly acquired behaviors; if the behaviors are appropriately applied there is an increase in health restoration. According to "Nursing Theory" (2011), The nursing theory was named “The Adaptation Model,” and includes a “six step nursing process: 1) The first level of assessment, which addresses the patient's behavior, 2)The second level of assessment, which addresses the patient's stimuli, 3)Diagnosis of the patient, 4)Setting goals for the patient's health, 5)Intervention to take actions in order to meet those goals, and 6)Evaluation of the result to determine if goals were met.” Theory’s Historical background: Sister Callista Roy is considered a living legend as she has been awarded various acknowledgements for her contributions to nursing. Sr. Roy developed the Adaptation Model in 1976, and for the past 36 years, she has been researching and updating her work, literally adapting to the ever-changing world and social needs. She has based her works upon...
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...Importance of Theory Paper Laura A. Novascone Chamberlain College of Nursing Instructor Jodi Protokowicz 7/16/15 A nursing theory provides a view or window into the reality of nursing (CCN, 2015). Nursing theories are basic concepts that define nursing practice and provide the explanation to why nurses do what they do. I have given no thought to the use of nursing theory until taking this nursing class and this assignment is proving very difficult to follow. I have utilized nursing theory in my everyday work of nursing. A nurse will use multiple nursing theories during the scope of their day. These theories guide how nurses treat their patients, how tasks are performed and assessments or interventions are carried out. Critical thinking skills start by studying nursing theory. Nursing theory is theoretical practices to gain insight and knowledge on a particular concept. The theory I have selected to use is the Roy adaptation model which is a grand theory. The purpose of this assignment is to identify a nursing theory which is the Roy adaptation theory, analyze the importance of the selected theory to the nursing profession and summarize key concepts and relationships among the concepts of the selected nursing theory. I will analyze how the Roy Adaptation Theory relates to nursing education. Importance of Nursing Theory Nursing theories were developed to help define the unique practice of nursing as its own separate profession. If it wasn’t for early theorists like...
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...The Leadership and Legacy of Florence Nightingale Mary-Margaret Charles NSG 510 June 24, 2016 Professor Michelle Dorin Nursing is an evolving and constantly changing profession. It is a blend of art and science that proves to put a theory to action. Florence Nightingale created modern nursing and before Nightingale's time, nursing was considered an action that did not demand any skill or training and was only for the old, sick and indigent women that were not suitable for other worthy jobs. Nurses first organized into groups during the Christian Era with nursing ideas of charity, serving others, and self- sacrifice being in sync with the teachings of the Christian Church (Cook, 1942). Armies or churches provided most care to the sick before Nightingale's era; and healthcare didn't exist except in unsanitary, substandard conditions (Algood, 2002). Florence Nightingale took problems, created nursing theories, and instituted many changes during her career. One of the first things she did was train nurses during the Crimean War and organized care to the wounded soldiers. She rounded on the sick at night with her lamp to ensure that they were properly healing and this lead to the patient- centered care. With high mortality rates, she realized that the soldiers were dying not from their injuries, but from environmental effects from poor, unhygienic conditions. She developed the idea of "documenting proper use of air, light, warmth, cleanliness, and a good selection...
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...The purpose of this essay is to compare and contrast nursing metaparadigms formulated by Sister Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model and Dorothy Johnson: The Behavioral System Model. These two theorist are identified as grand theorist of the post-positivist era (1950’s-1990’s). The contrast and comparison is structured as Roy’s and Johnson definition of person, health, environment and nursing. Roy defines persons as an adaptive systems with cognation and regulatory subsystems working together to continue adaptation. Roy uses four modes of adaptation (physiological, self-concept, role function, and interdependence) that has to stay balance in order for the person to function at an optimal level. Johnson defines persons as behavioral systems with seven substructures (security, recognition, basic body supply, waste evacuation, sexual needs, defense, and fulfillment) needs to balance to prevent illness. Roy’s model is adaptive and Johnson’s theory of person is reactive to internal/external impulses. Roy defines environment as all conditions and all states of affairs in one’s life that affect development and behavior. Johnson explains environment as internal and external surrounding. Both theorist environments are influenced by one’s current situations that are fixed and those surrounding that are self-restrained. Johnson’s explains health as an adequate and capable function system. Johnson also defines health as observable system balance and security. Roy’s health is the state...
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...Critique and Analysis of a Theory Useful in Family Nursing Power Point Presentation 6. Present at least one research article and related research questions or hypotheses that have used this theory to guide the research. Briefly describe the study purpose, methods, and results. Present ideas for future research needed to continue development of this theory or for use of it in family nursing practice. Slide #6-1 Patients/families/nurses experience with critical illness * Importance of family nursing practice * Physiological and psychological change needed * Stress management * Allowing Adjustment time * Nurses’ role in identification of family care * Coping mechanism Speaker Note Adaptation is a positive response to the environment changes. It is the process by which an individual or groups used to reflect their awareness, conscious to create an integrate environment after some trial, adversity occurred. Patient is considered as an adaptive system, the stimulus comes from the environment. Adaptation is a nursing goal and method to promote wellness. Change can occur at long term, patient and family may adjust in time until the sentinel-event happened. Slide #6-2 Roy Calista Adaptation Model-Based for Patient-Family- Nurse Research Study. * Description: * Purpose of research study * Method used, and results obtained * Ideas for future research needed for family nursing practice method of application Speaker Note References ...
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...From Nightingale to Now: The Evolution of Nursing and Nursing Theory Student Name Professor Name Course Name and Number School Name Date The profession of nursing has come a long way in the past century. In the 1880s nurses had a reputation as being “drunken, dishonest, and disreputable” (Hoyt, 2010); today, Americans rank nursing as the most ethical profession in the field of health care (Hoyt, 2010). Florence Nightingale was single-handedly responsible for changing not just the way nursing is conducted, but also changing public perception of the nursing profession. In the years since Nightingale established nursing as a serious and legitimate profession, many theories have been developed that continue to codify and define what nursing is and how nurses can best serve their patients. At the core of all these theories remains the most important concept Nightingale established: nurses must have a “single eye to the patient’s good” (Hoyt, 2010). The foundational paradigm of Nightingale’s approach to nursing was strict adherence to a code of ethics. Nightingale insisted that her students be “sober and truthful” (Hoyt, 2010) and that they treat patients in an ethical manner. Nightingale...
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