...Concept Comparison and Analysis Jo Ann Tyler Green NUR/513 10/15/2012 Michelle Johnson Concept Comparison and Analysis The concept, quality of life, as used in nursing theories, is presented in a historically situated context. This approach to concept analysis was selected to illuminate the subjective, contextual, and fluid nature of the concept. Based on this review, quality of life is defined as an intangible, subjective perception of one’s lived experience. From a review of Peplau’s, Rogers’, Leininger’s, King’s, and Parse’s conceptualizations of quality of life, it is concluded that it may be viable to replace health with quality of life as a meta-paradigm concept for nursing. There are numerous definitions of quality of life that exist. Described as experiences of life (Meeberg, 1993), satisfaction with life, and well-being (Ferrans, 1996; Haas, 1999; (Meeberg, 1993), the definition of quality of life lacks precision and specificity. Consistency is important because “differences in meaning can lead to profound differences in outcomes for research, clinical practice, and allocation of health care resources” (Ferrans, 1996, p. 294). Nurses have made important contributions to understanding this concept. The quality of life has been examined in groups of people experiencing a particular illness or health deficit, such as cancer or heart disease (C. R. King, 1998). Quality of life concept analyses have focused on existential aspects of the concept. However, these...
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...professional nursing have evolved over the years, contemporary nursing practice is different from that of the past, but issues affecting the profession today are related to our history. Developing a sense of nursing evolution provides the background necessary to understand current nursing practice. The development of the discipline of nursing practice has gone through stages which helped in shaping the characteristics of the discipline as a human science. Thus, we have these stages of development of theoretical nursing: 1. Stage of Practice, Apprenticeship and Services. This stage deals with the provision of health care for the promotion of healing and sense of well being and creation of healthy environment in order to minimize suffering and deterioration. 2. Stage of Education and Administration. In this stage the focus is on social goals to empower nurses to provide effective and quality care by developing programs that suits best for nurses to develop their craft. 3. Stage of Research. This stage nurses needs to improve the nursing practice, by engaging in any scientific studies. There is a challenge to develop the substantive content needed for practice with nursing disciplinary perspective. 4. Stage of Theory. This stage gives emphasis on the basic query around the heart of nursing and its undertaking and objectives, and focus on the attempt of the development of nursing theory and research and legitimacy of the approach of knowledge development in nursing by different...
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...Concepts and Theories in Nursing Module 8 November/2014 Running Head: EVALUATING THEORY7 C-BaC Model Evaluation The criterion-based critique model (C-BaC) was designed to assist in the identification of connections between nursing practice and various theories. The design of C-BaC is to utilize eight standards (or criteria) to help you make judgements about the value and use of a theory (Johnson & Webber, 2010). This paper will view the theory of self-transcendence using the C-BaC model. Pamela Reed’s Theory of Self-Transcendence focuses on enhancing well-being of the whole person in the context of health experiences by means of self transcendence(Parker & Smith, 2010). Phase One The Meaning is Clear and Understandable: The theory of self-transcendence was originally aimed at addressing phenomena related to the aging process of the older adult and was later expanded to address well-being across the entire lifespan. Reed’s theory proposes that when people face life-threatening illness or undergo health related disruptions that illuminates one’s limitations the potential to expand (or transcend) self-boundaries becomes evident enhance well-being (Parker & Smith, 2010). The theory of self-transcendence aligns with contemporaries such as Martha Rogers because of the concept of human-beings being an open system requiring interaction with its environment. Reed’s theory is more difficult to understand due to the fact that it was originally...
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...NURSING PHILOSOPHY, 1 NURSING PHILOSOPHY NURSING PHILOSOPHY, 2 Nursing philosophy Definitions Philosophy Philosophies encompass a multitude of value statements and beliefs. Philosophies are based on knowledge derived from reality, personal values, existence, reasoning, and relevant presentation of concepts. According to Alligood (2014), they address concepts such as person, environment, health, and nursing. Philosophies are derived from different theoretical works which affirm general ideas pertaining to those works. Philosophies are all based on individual ideas which conceptualize different views of nursing. Alligood (2014) suggests that philosophies broaden everyday views of nursing. Nursing Philosophy Nursing philosophy is a representation of philosophy as it directly relates to nursing. According to Alligood (2014), specific nursing philosophies encompass theory guided nursing practice. The three different philosophies of nursing that each has their own value system are Nightingale’s, Watson’s and Benner’s. Each philosophy addresses its own concept of nursing care and factors that are associated with that. Alligood (2014) suggests nursing philosophies give us different views to consider when applying nursing care. Each philosophy serves its purpose as an interpretation of a rationalized value system of ideas of nursing care. Metaparadigm A metaparadigm is a knowledge type of nursing. The core basis of nursing is...
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...Historical Development of Nursing Timeline Blesilda Galsim NUR/513 March 6, 2012 Noura Kassis Ed.D.,R.N. Historical Development of Nursing Timeline Introduction The evolution of nursing as a profession had showed through time that it is both an art and science. Before the 19th century, the military and religious orders are the ones who perform the duties of how nurses work today. As time went by, different events throughout history such as wars and epidemics had shaped nursing to its present organization. Nowadays, nursing is pushing further towards the future in improving itself as a profession for better care and service to the community. The objective of this paper is to discuss the historical development of nursing timeline, relationship of nursing science on the profession and influences nursing science has on other disciplines. Historical Development Nursing as an organized discipline, made its first significant impact during the Crimean War in 1853. Florence Nightingale considered as the founder of nursing, created the initial model on nursing science. Her theory became the initial foundation and cornerstone in nursing. Her main goal is on changing the environment to facilitate care, nourishment, and recovery. Her views suggested that nursing is about not only giving medicines and about treatment, but environmental factors are also vital in directly affecting one’s health status. In 1952, Hildegard Peplau described...
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...1. Theoretical Framework of Dorothea Orem’s Nursing Theory, BSN 2. ……….BSN NUR/513 Theoretical Framework of Dorothea Orem’s Nursing Theory The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of Orem’s theoretical framework and analyze the critical components of the conceptual nursing model. Orem’s Self Care Deficit Theory is widely used in models of nursing. Orem chaired the Nursing Development Conference Group which examined nursing problems and research. Orem’s interest in curriculum development arise ++her interest in formulating a conceptualization of nursing. Theoretical Framework Orem presented her conceptual framework consisting of four concepts about persons and two about nursing and theories derived from this model – the self care deficit theory. The theory of self care, and the theory of nursing system. Concepts in the model are self care, self care agency, self care demand, self care deficit nursing agency, and nursing system (Fitzpatrick & Hall, 2005). Orem sees nursing as a science, technology, art, and a helping service given to a person with a legitimate need for it by nurses who have specialized knowledge and skills. Nurses help clients meet existing or anticipated demands for self care in order to sustain life and health, recover from disease or injury and cope with their effects (Fawcett, 2005). When speaking of nursing, Orem uses the terms nursing and nursing agency. Orem described the human being as an integrated whole composed of an internal physical...
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...Virginia A. Henderson’s Nursing Theory Critique Gaylinn Breeze Maryville University Abstract This paper aims to provide an in depth critique of Henderson’s Nursing Theory using Fawcett’s framework for analysis and evaluation of nursing models. This paper will provide an analysis of the theory based on its scope, context and content. Secondly, the paper will provide an evaluation to unearth its significance, internal consistency, testability, as well as provide empirical and pragmatic adequacy. Lastly, the paper will give a detail of its assumptions and limitations. Virginia A. Henderson’s Nursing Theory Critique Virginia A. Henderson was considered a mother of nursing in the advent of modern day nursing. Her contribution to the nursing system was widely considered as a tool for transforming the nursing practices in health facilities. She gave elaborate guidelines and drew attention of nurses towards what an effective nursing practice would require of them. In her own setup, she carried out research and formulated a theory. Her theory of nursing focused on providing patients with factors that would enhance independence for the patients. In her efforts to transform the patient’s care approach, she acknowledged that basic needs were of primary concern in enabling a functional nursing approach. Her relationship between nursing care and basic needs propagated the ‘Needs Theory’. Scope and...
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...Concept Comparison and Analysis across Theories Paper NUR 513 August 6, 2012 Comparison and Analysis Theories Paper The heart of nursing has always been caring. Since the start of professional nursing with Florence Nightingale, theorists have been writing about caring. This paper highlights three caring theories Madeleine Leininger, Jean Watson, and the combine theory of Patricia Benner and Judith Wrubel these theorists each has developed a theory of caring. This paper will examine each by comparing and contrasting on how each looks at caring. Leininger Madeline Leininger developed her first theories in the mid-1950s. Her main theory is transcultural nursing and caring theory. This theory was formed by an inadequate knowledge of cultural factors that represented a missing link to providing quality nursing care. Leininger believed that caring is universally present in all cultures (Nelson, 2006). Leininger’s definition of caring for nursing is “the central and unifying domain for the body of knowledge and practices in nursing’ It is critical to human growth, development and survival and has helped human beings through cultural evolution” (Cohen, 1991). Leininger’s transcultural theory of nursing her assumption human caring is a universal expression. However, patterns vary among different cultures. Caring has multiple dimensions of biophysical, psychological, cultural...
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...family nursing that has developed into a fundamental aspect of nursing. Research of nursing has shown that individual poor health affects the entire family and not only an individual, plus, the effectiveness of health care is improved when emphasis is placed on family (Harmon & Hansen, 2001). There was no conceptual theoretical framework that was found in family nursing. Friedman, Bowden and Jones (2003), discussed the lack of a complete family nursing theory with their proposal “nurses must draw upon multiple theories to work effectively with families” (p. 62). This particular subject matter will discuss the family system and theories related to the up-and-coming to unite with family nursing. This will also portray stratagem to integrate nursing theories in the practice of family nursing. This includes family work as a system, concept of area of nursing practice, most helpful area in my nursing of practice, chosen concept of family and why is it helpful, theories conducive in the area of my practice and last, the conclusion. Family work as a system Family must first define themselves to have a better understanding on how to work as a family nursing system. In real life family is composed primarily mother, father, single, and married children. Family must have unity to function well. Each member of the family should first learn themselves how to become aware of their own characteristics in functioning within the family system. Family systems theory suggests...
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...Personal and Professional Health Care Communication Tara Clark HCS 350 October 7, 2013 Penny Horper Personal and Professional Health Care Communication Today’s environment of healthcare is both specialized and clinical. Health care communication is a vital component of health care for every patient. Because nurses have a greater responsibility, interaction with patient’s and families can often be hurried, leaving them feeling like they have many unanswered questions. Communication or therapeutic communication as defined by Ruesch (1961) in health care is “an interactive dynamic process entered into by nurse and client for the purpose of achieving identified health-related goals” (p. 175). Relevancy of Communication Health care communication involves many different aspects from both the sender and the receiver of the message. Health care communication is relevant with other health care professionals, patients, and families because it is vital in establishing a trusting, therapeutic, caring environment for everyone involved and can affect outcomes and satisfaction. A code of conduct defines acceptable and unacceptable behaviors for each organization and promotes a culture of collegiality and is essential for a work environment that strives to provide high-quality patient care. Collaborating with other health care professionals is relevant because it helps create a culture of teamwork and essentially helps provide the best care and leaves...
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...Concept Comparison and Analysis Across Theories Julie McKay NUR/513 Theoretical Foundations of Practice December 06, 2014 Stephanie Vaughn Ph.D. R.N. CCRN A concept is a term that theoretically describes and names a fact or phenomenon, thus providing it with a separate identity or meaning. Nurses use theories to clarify the events through nursing practice. A concept analysis provides insight to nursing knowledge and understanding of the concepts allows nurses to determine nursing actions (George, 2011). Quality of Life Quality of life (QOL) is a contemporary phrase which was first heard after the Second World War and, since then, has been frequently used but not well explained (Meeberg, 1993). Most theorists have at least an unexpressed belief that human health and QOL are associated closely. It is the interest of most healthcare providers to promote QOL for those who are seeking help. However, nurses cannot work with clients to attain QOL if the goal is unclear (Meeberg, 1993). Both Virginia Henderson and Rosemarie Parse are influential nursing theorists that share a common concept of QOL. This paper will explore perspectives in regards to QOL between these two theorists. Henderson’s Theory Virginia Henderson believed humans have universal needs of water, air, and food for survival, and everyone plays a part of the contribution to the well-being of each other leading to the creation of a healthy society. Nurses care for patients, sick or well until they can care...
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...Application of Watson’s Caring Theory Name Institution Affiliation Application of Watson’s Caring Theory Human Caring Theory by Jean Watson contributes to the existential nursing. It concentrates on authentically caring concerning the whole patient. This caring involves the patient’s spirit, body and mind to facilitate the healing process to persist at an optimum level (Watson, 2011). Watson defined it as a caring model, which includes both science and art; providing a framework that intersects with and embraces science, art, spirituality, humanities, and new dimensions of spirit-body-mind medicine in addition to nursing. The essay describes the idea of Watson’s theory, the application of Human Caring theory in nursing practice connected to personal case, and the relevance of Human Caring theory in nursing leadership related to nursing problem. Watson supposes that the theory is ever changing and ought to be open to the evolving nursing practice as well as the human phenomena dynamics. Watson elaborates by explaining that caring art and science goes past an intellectualization of the subject luring us into endless, but timely space to re-examine the recurrent phenomenon of the human ailment. Using such abstract notions of faith, love, hope, caring, trust, and spirituality to nursing art and science could help stratify the human caring concept (Watson, 2011). The current nursing practice is incredibly affected by the theories designed by Dr. Watson. Various...
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...Project M. Ryan Western Governors University RUP1 Project Nursing as a profession is an incredibly varied field, with as many opinions on how and why as there are nurses. It is therefore incumbent on each nurse to determine what aspects of nursing research and history will influence her practice. This work is presented as a Professional Nursing Mission Statement for the author. In the following pages, the governing bodies, ethical code, professional traits, nursing theorist and theory, and historical figure that guide personal nursing practice are presented with scenarios demonstrating their effects. Providing the building blocks for an individual approach to nursing will result in a deeper understanding of practice. A. Functional Differences In practice a nurse has two important guides for legal, ethical and competent nursing: regulatory agencies, such as the California Board of Registered Nursing, and professional nursing organizations, such as the American Nurses Association, While both entities provide frameworks for nursing practice, their functional differences vary. The California Board of Registered Nursing (2013) is responsible for the licensure and regulation of nursing practice of all registered nurses in the state of California. The agency implements and enforces laws governing nursing practice in its jurisdiction as outlined in the state’s Nursing Practice Act. This includes the definition of nursing in the state, which actions may or may not be performed by a...
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...THE CASE FOR A MODEL OF CARE Contemporary health care systems are constantly challenged to revise traditional methods of health care delivery. These challenges are multifaceted and stem from: 1. novel pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments; 2. changes in consumer demands and expectations; 3. fiscal and resource constraints; 4. changes in societal demographics in particular the ageing of society; 5. an increasing burden of chronic disease; 6. documentation of limitations in traditional health care delivery; 7. an increasing emphasis on transparency and accountability, 8. evidence based practice (EBP) and clinical governance structures; and 9. the increasing cultural diversity of the community. These challenges provoke discussion of the necessity of developing services around a model of care. What do we mean by a model of care? Ambiguity exists in the literature, with the terms, model of care, nursing model, philosophy, paradigm, framework and theory often used interchangeably, despite referring to diverse, yet parallel concepts (Tierney 1998). In their recent review of the literature, the Queensland Government (Australia) reported that they found no consistent definition of ‘model of care’ (Queensland Health 2000). They concluded that a model of care is a multidimensional concept that defines the way in which health care services are delivered (Queensland Health 2000). More specifically, Davidson and Elliott...
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...Running Head: Self-Care Deficit Theory Concept Analysis: Self-Care ABSTRACT Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory has been used as a basis for nursing care since she first proposed the theory in 1959. The focus of this paper is to define the Self-Care Theory in broad terms and to analyze the concept Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory using the Chinn and Kramer “Integrated Theory and Knowledge development in Nursing” process. The SCDNT is an important theory in nursing and helps to guide the nursing process and improve patient care with measurable results. It is also an important theory for developing curriculum in nursing schools and has proved invaluable to care providers when performing self-care for others. 1 In 1959 Dorthea Orem, a nurse from Baltimore, Maryland, developed the theory of Self-Care defined as a condition that “in an adult is the absence of the ability to maintain continuously that amount and quality of self-care which is therapeutic in sustaining life and health, in recovering from disease or injury, or in coping with their effects. With children, the condition is the inability of the parent (or guardian) to maintain continuously for the child the amount and quality of care that is therapeutic “(Orem, 1995, p.53-54). Orem posited that to determine if people need nursing care then it is “ the inability of persons to provide continuously for themselves the amount and quality of required self-care because of situations of personal health” (Orem...
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