...Bernhard Schlink «Der Vorleser» ( Бернхард Шлинк «Чтец» ) В 1995 году Бернхард Шлинк создает роман "Чтец", даже не предполагая, что это произведение станет бестселлером. Самая знаменитая немецкая книга, написанная за последние несколько десятков лет – вот что такое «Чтец». Впервые опубликованный в 1995 году, этот роман разошёлся по всему миру такими тиражами, каковых немецкоязычная литература не видывала со времён своих вечных героев и нобелевских лауреатов вроде Германа Гессе или Генриха Бёлля. Можно ли поставить роман Шлинка в один ряд с великими – вопрос; по крайней мере, в некоторой авторской убедительности «Чтецу» точно не откажешь. Феноменальный успех романа современного немецкого писателя Бернхарда Шлинка «Чтец» (1995) сопоставим разве что с популярностью вышедшего двадцатью годами ранее романа Патрика Зюскинда «Парфюмер». «Чтец» переведен на тридцать девять языков мира, книга стала международным бестселлером и собрала целый букет престижных литературных премий в Европе и Америке. В 1997 году «Чтец» получил итальянскую литературную премию «Hans Fallada Prize» и приз Laure Batalion, вручаемый лучшим романам, переведенным на французский язык. В 1999 году роман был также награжден премией газеты «Die Welt». Первый немецкий роман, занявший первое место в списке бестселлеров газеты «New York Times». В конце 2008 года состоялась мировая премьера фильма «Чтец», снятого по роману Бернхарда Шлинка популярным британским режиссером Стивеном Долдри («Часы»). ...
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...burden, which takes a lot of strength and time. Other people are not as lucky: their area of business, which they have chosen, doesn’t correspond to their abilities, inclinations, behavior and psychological criteria. Work for them is a torture, slavery and a hopeless captivity without any perspective relise! Such people work either subjectively or evil only to live from hand to mouth. Also there exist such people who are not adapted to systematic work. They are impetuous, work from inspiration, periods of increasing desire to work are mixed with periods of apathy. Can they agree with the statement that human being is great only in labour? I doubt it. Even public patterns about happy life presuppose idleness. We can remember, for example, Russian, French and German fairytales. In these fairytales a lot of symbols of plenty without work exist – magic tablecloth, magic pot, wonderful tree which brings fruit all the year round. Even Bible says about work as of god’s drabs for Adam and Eve’s sins: “You should win your bread only by working hard”. All the legends mention the Golden age when people were careless and happy. At that time people could grow up to ten harvests a year and fish could be easily netted. All these facts prove the idea that labour can not be initially desired lifestyle for the unconscious humanity. On the contrary, people have always looked for opportunity to use the fruit of other people’s labour. During the development of civilization and growing specialization...
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...Natasha Javeri ARLT100g: Love and Death in Russian Novel Professor Seifrid December 5, 2014 Role of Reading and Literature In the World of Characters from Eugene Onegin, Fathers and Children, and Anna Karenina Though it may not seem so at first glance, the theme of reading and literature is of great significance. This theme and its significance, though it can be seen in many novels, can be specifically analyzed in the Russian novels Eugene Onegin, Fathers and Children, and Anna Karenina. Reading has a way of influencing people, although, these characters may not even realize or change intentionally. Characters such as Tatyana, Onegin, Oblonsky, Anna, Nikolai, Pavel, and more all read, though to different extents and different types of literature, and in some way are influenced by the literature that they read. This influence can be in the way the act, the opinions they form, social trends they follow, the way they perceive the world, and much more. Basically, reading and the role of literature shape their lives; this can be in the social values they believe and hold to be true, the way the look at people, and the emotions they develop (or don’t develop). This is also significant within the time period of Russia or world of these characters set by the author. From a young age, Tatyana was not like others girls her age. She was not interested in dolls and talks of fashion and clothes or playing girlish games, but rather, she preferred to spend her time reading. Specifically...
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...progress. Furthermore, Anna Karenina mirrors the “cultural institution” of suicide that erupted in the 1860’s and offers a realistic, albeit fictional, representation of the suicide phenomenon regarding both peasants and nobles. Leo Tolstoy, through use of railroads as a symbol in Anna Karenina, shared views similar with his contemporaries on the negative impact of material progress on the mental health of Russian society. Approximately 30 years before the reforms of the 1860’s, an Englishman who traveled to St. Petersburg, Thomas Raikes, Esq., commented that Russians had not yet experienced the progress of civilization that accounted for the misery leading to suicide. At the time, Russians were not yet privy to the amount of responsibility over their social and political conditions as they would be when the reforms took place, therefore they still lived free of the passion and anguish which reforms promised to bring. But, progress could not be avoided and neither could the culture of suicide that followed it. Progress unveiled all the inadequacies of life to the Russian people, leading to their thirst for “more” that ultimately went unquenched. Leo Tolstoy, heavily influenced by his reading of Charles Dickens’s Dombey and Son, believed the rapid growth of railroads symbolized the...
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...of modernist literature of the twentieth century. “The Russian Point of View” is Virginia Woolf’s most outstanding essay devoted to Russian literature. Within the essay, Woolf shares her point of view on three Russian writers: Chekhov, Dostoevsky, and Tolstoy. Woolf opens her essay by foregrounding the problem of understanding Russian literature. Language is the largest and most obvious obstacle. While reading translation, we read a text that is fundamentally different from the original. The translators have to face lots of difficulties. They must be skilled enough to translate cultural aspects, humour and other delicate elements. They must know something about the country, its traditions. Woolf points out that the reader cannot blindly depend upon the work of translators. According to the Woolf's point of view, difficulties in understanding Russian literature appear not only due to the barrier of language, but because of cultural difference. Then the author speaks about Chekhov's works. Chekhov is recognized for his originality. On the one hand, he wrote about ordinary events and the relationship of people in small towns and villages. On the other hand, Chekhov’s unusual plots attract many readers. Chekhov’s plots generally lack resolution. He wanted his works to ask the reader questions, not to provide answers. The reader have to think a lot in order to understand the main idea of these stories. The foreigner is usually not accustomed to such sort of literature. Further...
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...Descriptive composition. Describe a person. “The person I admire most from the history. By student of group 3264/1, Shchekotkina Yana 27/09/2012 One day during my studying in the 9th grade my literature teacher gave me a book for light reading – it was “Pushkin: biography of the writer” by Y. M. Lotman. Up to that time I had read many Pushkin’s masterpieces and adored “The Sun of Russian Poetry” with all forces of my young heart. He was and, actually, he still is, and I am sure that he forever will be my personal God in the art of literature because of his brilliant simplicity and unsurpassed skill in using the words. On the first page of the folio there was the most famous portrait of the poet by O. A. Kiprensky. I had seen that portrait many times before, however, I had never paid much attention to the appearance of Alexander Sergeevich, enjoying only his creations, but at that time I was sitting with my eyes glued to his face. Pushkin’s big clear charcoal with blue tint eyes seemed to me fascinating and magnetic; his large open forehead was a bit frowned with reverie and his full lips were slightly bent as if Pushkin didn’t like to be painted. The expression of his face showed to me such traits of Pushkin’s character as dreaminess, good imagination, wisdom and beautiful sense of humour. Alexander Sergeevich had a many-sided personality. He was easily carried away, very amorous and good-natured, but at the same time he was very impatient and frequently...
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...Anna Karenina Anna Karenina is a novel by the Russian writer Leo Tolstoy. It was born in the society where capitalism was developing and shifted from the old society to the new one in the late-19th-century feudal Russia, but the society wasn’t out of the shackles of feudalistic ideas. It describes the tragic story that the noble married woman called Anna fell in love with a young man, who is also an aristocrat in the aristocracy, and finally they break up and Anna kills herself. Tolstoy's style in Anna Karenina is considered by many critics to be transitional, forming a bridge between the realist and modernist novel. Anna married socialite and but she has affair with the affluent Count Vronsky. The story opens when she arrives in the midst of a family broken up by her brother's unbridled womanizing—something that prefigures her own later situation, though she would experience less tolerance by others. Vronsky is eager to marry her if she will agree to leave her husband Karenin, a senior government official, but she is vulnerable to the pressures of Russian social norms, the moral laws of the Russian Orthodox Church, her own insecurities, and Karenin's indecision. Although Vronsky and Anna go to Italy, where they can be together, they have trouble making friends. Back in Russia, she is shunned, becoming further isolated and anxious, while Vronsky pursues his social life. Despite Vronsky's reassurances, she grows increasingly possessive and paranoid about his imagined infidelity...
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...Azaria Antoine Mrs. Swan AP English Literature and Composition 4/14/15 Throughout the ages people have wondered what the truth behind dreams are. Questions like, why do we dream? And what is the purpose and meaning of dreams? have often crossed people’s minds. Some psychologists believe that dreams allow us to be what we cannot be, and to say what we do not say, in our more repressed daily lives; others believe they are just ones imagination at work. Such ideas can be used to explain the dreams of Raskolnikov in Fyodor Dostoyevsky’s novel, Crime and Punishment. Dostoyevsky’s use of imagery, symbolism and foreshadowing, in each Aspect of the dream reflect facets of Raskolnikov's complex personality and his attitude toward the crime he intends to commit. In his dream, Raskolnikov imagines himself as a young boy with his father. As they were walking, they noticed a drunken man, Mikolka, and a group of his drunk friends beating his horse to death for failing to walk while pulling an overloaded cart. Many aspects of the dream served as a symbol. The beaten horse in the dream, symbolizes Alyona, who Raskolnikov had planned to murder, while the young boy, Raskolnikov, and Mikolka together symbolize both sides of Raskolnikov’s conflicting conscience. While the young raskolnikov was pained by the brutal treatment shown to the horse, Mikolka felt as if the horse was useless to him and that she wasn’t doing any good for society and the people around her, and therefore deserved to...
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...English 11 Brammer 7 Russian Nihilism Interactive Oral Reflection My presentation with Cotton, Adrian and Albert was centered around Russian Nihilism in relation to Dostoevsky’s Crime and Punishment. Russian nihilism is the rejection of any sort of moral laws or beliefs. It is a philosophical approach that was initiated in Russia in the 1850s and 1860s. Nihilism rejects societal bonds and emotional concerns with the belief that there is no “mind” or “soul” outside of the physical world. Utilitarianism is similar to nihilism. Utilitarianism is the belief that moral decisions should be based the most amount of happiness for the largest number of people. The protagonist in Crime and Punishment, Raskolnikov, justifies his murder of the pawnbroker Alyona on a utilitarian and nihilist rationale. He claims that a “louse” has been eradicated from society. In addition, Raskolnikov portrays many nihilist behaviors. He is entirely apathetic for the majority of the novel; he doesn’t care about others’ emotions or society’s laws (such as the one against murder). We started the oral with a journal entry about going against the “status quo,” because Nihilism is very much related to going against the “norm”. Nihilism is about rejecting all societal expectations and going against the status quo. From there, we progressed to talk about Crime and Punishment and how Dostoevsky came to create this work. Dostoevsky was largely influenced by the Russian reform that was occurring during...
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...The Nobel Prize in Literature 1913 Rabindranath Tagore Tagore and His India by Amartya Sen* Voice of Bengal Rabindranath Tagore, who died in 1941 at the age of eighty, is a towering figure in the millennium-old literature of Bengal. Anyone who becomes familiar with this large and flourishing tradition will be impressed by the power of Tagore's presence in Bangladesh and in India. His poetry as well as his novels, short stories, and essays are very widely read, and the songs he composed reverberate around the eastern part of India and throughout In contrast, in the rest of the world, especially in Europe and America, the excitement that Tagore's writings created in the early years of the twentieth century has largely vanished. The enthusiasm with which his work was once greeted was quite remarkable. Gitanjali, a selection of his poetry for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913, was published in English translation in London in March of that year, and had been reprinted ten times by November, when the award was announced. But he is not much read now in the West, and already by 1937, Graham Greene was able to say: "As for Rabindranath Tagore, I cannot believe that anyone but Mr. Yeats can still take his poems very seriously." The Mystic The contrast between Tagore's commanding presence in Bengali literature and culture, and his near-total eclipse in the rest of the world, is perhaps less interesting than the distinction between the view of Tagore...
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...Employment News 11 - 17 February 2012 www.employmentnews.gov.in 21 Union Public Service Commission EXAMINATION NOTICE NO. 04/2012-CSP DATED 11.02.2012 (LAST DATE FOR RECEIPT OF APPLICATIONS : 05.03.2012) CIVIL SERVICES EXAMINATION, 2012 (Commission's website - http://www.upsc.gov.in) F. No. 1/4/2011-E.I(B) : Preliminary Examination of the Civil Services Examination for recruitment to the Services and Posts mentioned below will be held by the Union Public Service Commission on 20th May, 2012 in accordance with the Rules published by the Department of Personnel & Training in the Gazette of India Extraordinary dated 4th February, 2012. (i) Indian Administrative Service. (ii) Indian Foreign Service. (iii) Indian Police Service. (iv) Indian P & T Accounts & Finance Service, Group ‘A’. (v) Indian Audit and Accounts Service, Group ‘A’. (vi) Indian Revenue Service (Customs and Central Excise), Group ‘A’. (vii) Indian Defence Accounts Service, Group ‘A’. (viii) Indian Revenue Service (I.T.), Group ‘A’. (ix) Indian Ordnance Factories Service, Group ‘A’ (Assistant Works Manager, Administration). (x) Indian Postal Service, Group ‘A’. (xi) Indian Civil Accounts Service, Group ‘A’. (xii) Indian Railway Traffic Service, Group ‘A’. (xiii) Indian Railway Accounts Service, Group 'A'. (xiv) Indian Railway Personnel Service, Group ‘A’. (xv) Post of Assistant Security Commissioner in Railway Protection Force, Group ‘A’ (xvi) Indian Defence Estates Service, Group ‘A’. (xvii) Indian Information...
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