...Summary vs Executive Summary Summary and Executive summary are two terms that are used quite often in education and business areas differently. A summary is a short or a brief account, sometimes elaborate too of the various events of a play. An executive summary on the other hand is a term used in business for a short document that summarizes a longer report, especially a business report. An executive summary is normally a condensed version of the full business document. Hence it needs skill on the part of the writer to execute an executive summary. On the other hand a summary should give salient features of any given aspect of a novel, or a short story or a play. This is the difference between a summary and an executive summary. You can write a summary of any particular episode of a novel or any other fiction written by Jane Austen. The particular summary should contain the various events of the episode in a nutshell or briefly. On the other hand an executive summary should be written in non-technical language. This is the main difference between the two. An executive summary should necessarily have a conclusion. On the other hand a conclusion is not necessary while writing a summary of a play or any scene of a play. An executive summary should ultimately make a business recommendation. No such intention is included in the writing of a summary. An executive summary should contain short and concise paragraphs. On the other hand a summary need not have short and concise paragraphs...
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...Liberty University BOOK SUMMARY L. Russ Bush, a dean and professor at the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary. His book entitled, The Advancement (2003), is an apologetic approach to naturalism. He came up with the term “advancement” to explain philosophical revolution because it was portray newness to modernism. He felt like the name “modern” seem outdated and old-fashion. Modern tends to provoke an attitude of staleness, rather than revolving and advancing. Bush’s book (2003) is divided into eight chapters. It starts with Chapter 1, entitled “The Worldview of the Advancement”. This chapter discusses the fundamental of compare and contrast of modern view and earlier view of God, nature, history and mankind. The second chapter of Bush’s book, The Rise in the Advancement of Science, pays particular attention the development of modern science. The rise of uniformitarian thought in evolution. “The human body is related to nature, and it is similar in many respects to the body of animals” (34). This thought does not include that the Christian view that a human body is different than animals. We have a soul, whereas, animals do not. Sigmund Freud’s The Future of an Illusion, argued that religion base on wishful illusion, rather than reality. Bush’s third chapter (2003), The Advancement and the Theory of Knowledge, concentrate on how science effects and outcomes with the absence of God. The Bible promotes the idea that man was made in the image of God....
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... - used to look into situations that require improvements. - used to review policies that must be revised. - programs actions that demand modifications to be truly responsive to complex human existence. The Meaning of Research Research is a multi-faceted human endeavor: 1) To a lot of people , it is a difficult and demanding task. 2) To beginners, it is a complicated process. 3) To students, it is something that must be done to complete a course requirement. 4) To those who value knowledge and the truth, it is a very fulfilling and exciting challenge. What is Research? According to: 1) Aguinaldo (2002) and Calderon (1993) – research is a "a purposive, systematic, and scientific process of gathering, classifying, organizing, presenting, analyzing and interpreting data for the solution of a problem, for prediction, for invention, for the discovery of truth or for the expansion or verification of existing knowledge, all for the preservation of the quality of life." 2) Sevilla (1998) – defines research as "searching for theory, for testing theory or for solving problem." 3) Andres (1998) – defines research as a "careful, critical inquiry or examinationin seeking facts or principles; a diligent investigation to ascertain something. It is unbiased investigation of a problem." Characteristics of Research: 1) It is systematic –The procedure to be followed must be orderly, disciplined and organized...
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...Team Week 2 Reflection Summary RES/351 Team C Week 2 Reflection Summary Week 1 taught us the importance of learning about business research. Business research is important because it helps business owners find solutions to problems they may have within their company. If one wonders why he or she is not getting more customers, researching the problem is a great way to find an answer or multiple answers to this question or problem. Even though it is good to do research it is just as important to know how to research a problem. Good scientific method standards are important because it generates dependable data that executives use to make reliable and accurate decisions within the company. If scientific method standards are not met, it produces unreliable data that executives cannot use, which is a waste of time. It highly increases the risk of the managers making decisions for the business. In week one the focus was to understand how business research improves managerial decision making. The research process starts with clarifying the research question that involves defining the dilemma. Stage two of the research process is proposing research that includes resource allocation and budgets. The next two stages of the process are designing the research project and data collection and preparation. The results can be communicated in various ways, but should always be from the researcher’s perspective. We learned there are ethical dilemmas managers face when using business...
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...Scientific inquiry in biology starts by observing the living species around you. What separates science from the other methods of seeking truth is that it is testable (e.g., one can devise experiments to test the validity of an idea); it is falsifiable (e.g., an experiment can reveal if an idea is false); and it involves natural causality (e.g., the method involves and depends upon the natural laws of the universe which cause things to happen in a predictable and repeatable manner). Observation: Scientific inquiry begins when something interesting gets your attention. Question: Following an observation, a question arises in your mind. It may be something like "I wonder what?" or, "I wonder how? or, "I wonder why?" Assignment Details In this assignment, you will take a look at the scientific method. You will design a (fictional) scientific study to answer a specific question based upon an observation. First, choose 1 of the following observations or questions: •Option A ◦Observation: During the winter, you spread salt daily on your driveway to melt the snow. In the springtime, when the lawn begins to grow, you notice that there is no grass growing for about 3 inches from the driveway. Furthermore, the grass seems to be growing more slowly up to about 1 foot from the driveway. ◦Question: Might grass growth be inhibited by salt? •Option B ◦Observation: You and your neighbor have small kitchen gardens where you both grow tomatoes. His blotchy green and...
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...ComputerHuman Interaction, TAUCHI School of Information Sciences University of Tampere TAUCHI – Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction Essential features of a research plan Contents • What is a research plan? – General overview • Functions • About preparation process • Structure – Central components of the plan • Language – Expertism versus clarity – Some hints • Summary 1 TAUCHI – Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction What is a research plan? • It is really a plan, and an explication of your research There can be different levels of plans – General level • Our focus today • – Very detailed • E.g. in experimental research there are tens of details of how to carry out each individual study Actually these are implementation plans, but NOTE that you must have them! • TAUCHI – Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction What is a research plan? It has several functions: • Forms the basis of your research project and the subsequent work leading up to the preparation of – your thesis or – your manuscript for a scientific publication • It should clearly communicate your research ideas to other people – Evaluators • Note that they may not be experts in your specific area of research TAUCHI – Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction What is a research plan? • The central aim is to get funding and/or positions with the planned research • It will be a central tool for the rest of your life • After your PhD you really start to write money applications, that...
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...understanding the problem you have chosen. After you decide on your area of science and the specific question you want to ask, you will need to research everything that you can find about the problem. You can collect information on your science fair topic from your own experiences, books, the internet, or even smaller "unofficial" experiments. This initial research should play a big part in the science fair idea that you finally choose. I enjoy gardening, and I noticed that some tomatoes are bigger than others and I wonder why. I decide to learn more about what makes plants grow. In this stage of the experiment I decide to use as many sources as I can find. The more information I have on the scientific experiment, the better the design of my experiment is going to be. Hypothesis is the next stage of the Scientific Method is known as the "hypothesis." This word basically means "a possible solution to a problem, based on knowledge and research." The hypothesis is a simple statement that defines what you think the outcome of your experiment will be. All of the first stage of the Scientific Method -- the observation, or research stage -- is designed to help you express a problem in a single question ("Does the amount of sunlight in a garden affect tomato size?") and propose an answer to the question based on what you know. The experiment that you will design is done to test the hypothesis. Topic: Does the amount of sunlight a tomato plant receive affect the size of the tomato? Hypothesis:...
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...The Frankfurt school was the most interesting reading and discussion this semester. They were different than the other ideas that we discussed this semester. The school presented ideas in different aspects than politics and economics through their different variety of minds that worked together on understanding how did the man reached the form he exists in now. Summary: The first reading was discussing the concept on enlightenment and how the world deals with ideas and knowledge these days. The writing of that piece was done by Adorno and Horkheimer in a very dark period in the human history which is after the World War 2. What they meant by enlightenment wasn’t a certain period of time or a philosophical movement, they were addressing the way of thinking that existed in Europe. Before that spreading of enlightenment, anything wasn’t scientific, a combination between myths and magic. Then enlightenment arrived to bring knowledge and logic and to make the world more scientific. Not all of the information that excited the man was able to fit it and analysis with it with logic and numbers so it has become not scientific. Then people took that division to be the ultimate truth and ignore any new attempts to question both the scientific and not scientific ideas. For them the enlightenment has created a kind of fear; people are afraid to break the scientific ideas and questioning them. The other reading that was really interesting was cultural industry. Adorno here discussed the...
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...According to Mathew Allen writer of The Rhetorical situation of the scientific paper and the Appearance of objectivity, “The organization helps portray the paper’s information logically and persuasively. Allen also mentions the format of how a scientific article should be organize using IMRAD. IMRAD- place the introduction first and the dissuasion last help scientific reader the ability to know where the information they are looking for is located (99). Examine the pages of the scientific journal you would see the introduction follow by the method section. The method, results and discussion section talking about the authors finds while doing the experiment. The last section of the paper is the conclusion. The conclusion section summarizes the results of the research. “The authors may also discuss how their finds relate to other scholarship or encourage other researchers to extend or follow up on their work (Anatomy of a Scholarly...
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...BOOK REVIEW of Bush, L. Russ. The Advancement. Nashville: Broadman & Holman, 2003. APOL 500 LUO (fall 2013) Introduction to Apologetics Liberty Baptist Theological Seminary Christopher R. Townsend (#2600628) September 16, 2013 CONTENTS Introduction 1 Summary 1 Critical Interaction 3 Conclusion 6 Bibliography 7 Introduction This is a critique of L. Russ Bush’s The Advancement. In order to properly ascertain the individual components as well as the overall success of Bush’s work, this article deploys the use of a general summary, followed by a section of critical interaction, and finally a conclusion. In the end, elements of Bush’s argument prove invaluable, while others miss their target. Summary Chapter 1 begins with an historical review of the modern worldview formation. This includes first the secular worldview, inspired by the focus on freedom inherent in the Enlightenment. Bush then begins to explore the details of the Christian alternative. This discussion reaches a climax as he notes the contrast of the new and old worldviews. “In the earlier view there is a natural stability in both history and in nature. Progress or decline are products of a person’s relationship or lack of relationship to God, and neither is inevitable historically (15).” Ultimately Bush concludes, “The older worldview is not true (just)...
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...Researchers involved in the study of toxoplasmosisa in terms of number of publicationspapers, number of citations, and H- index? -Which countries have performed most of the studies on Toxoplasma sp. had done and what is the geographical distribution of the leading countries in the studylook like? - What is the frequency of the keywords used in the title and summary of the papers content in the article-based analysis of the related articlesbased on the frequency of the keywords used in the title and summary of the papers? - What is true keyword analysis contained in the study by Toxoplasma? Given how important research on toxoplasmosis is to global health, it is necessary to create a comprehensive view of the status of research in the world, and a clear picture of the production process and scientific exchanges in the field. This will also aid in any planning and policymaking. Obviously, the improvement of the scientific situation in the field of toxoplasmosis over time will lead to progress in preventing, treating and reducing complications. Thus, the aim of the present study was the bibliometric analysis of the global scientific production, and determining the top researchers in the field and their geographic...
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...dominated western thinking for so long, it now finds itself in the minority voice of reason. Even Christians themselves have taken to blending their views to remain contemporary. L Russ Bush addresses this proliferation of naturalism in The Advancement. Brief Summary Bush produces an eight chapter discourse on the evolution, propagation and fallacy of a view that espouses inevitable naturalistic progress. One that believes biological life and humans in particular are evolving into a constant state of improvement. That believes science to be the replacement of God. Bush coins this worldview, “the Advancement”. Bush says that Christian stability has been replaced by naturalisms unstable relativity. Meaning no longer has meaning. Truth itself is subjective and new is always better. Bush begins by introducing a number of pre-modern and modern philosophers. Bush succinctly steps us through the evolution of this modern thinking and contrasts that against the Christian worldview. He outlines the ascension of scientific method and Darwinian dominance, noting the prevalent methodology to be based in naturalism. The consequences of science in the absence of God become a major theme. To avoid this consequence humans have revised the idea of God with the introduction of theological adaptations, namely “Process Theology”. Bush...
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...ABOUT MY SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND PROSPECT OF MY SCIENTIFIC CAREER Firstly I want to introduce myself. I’m E. Suvd. I graduated from Mongolian University of Science and Technology in 2006 and got my bachelor degree in an engineer of gas supply and transmission but after I acquired to specialize in engineering teacher. Now I’m the first year postgraduate student of Novosibirsk State Technical University. I study at the faculty of Humanities, at the department of Psychology and Pedagogy. In the course of my postgraduate studies I’m to take candidate examinations in Philosophy, English and the special subject. That is why I attend courses of English and Philosophy. I’m sure the knowledge of English and Philosophy will help me in my research. I think what science can answer any question we have about the universe, while scientific research allows us to follow our interests, to learn something new, to give our problem solving skill. Therefore, learning to do scientific research is very important but hard. Every field of study has its own research problems and methods. After I got my master degree, I started to be interested scientific research. For this reason I enrolled to postgraduate course. I’m doing research in the field of pedagogy. My scientific research is devoted to the theory of value and engineering education in Mongolia. My dissertation topic is “Axiological aspect of engineering education in Mongolia”. I was interested in this problem when I was worked in the field...
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...The Influence of Ancient Greece on Western Civilization Of all the cultures that have come and gone throughout human history, it was the achievements of ancient Greece that have left the most indelible imprint on Western civilization. In particular, it was greek achievements in the realms of art, democracy, medicine, philosophy and literature that has influenced the modern world the most. It is interesting to note that the loss of Greek thought after Roman civilization inducted a period popularly characterized as the Dark Ages. During this time human life was, in words popularized by Thomas Hobbes, “nasty, brutish and short.” Superstition, disease and a short life span were the hallmark of the age. It is crucial to understand that the middle “dark” ages finally ended with the re-discovery of greek texts to usher in the re-birth of civilization, ie: the Renaissance. It was the Catholic theologian St. Thomas Aquinas that set Western civilization on its current track by reintroducing Greek thinkers to European intellectuals. The popularizing of Greek philosophers renewed Western interest in Greek achievements, specifically within the realms of art, democracy, medicine, literature, and philosophy. While some of these subjects remained underdeveloped in Greek times, such as the discipline of medicine and democracy, others were so advanced as to set a standard to this day in the realm of art, philosophy, and literature. Discussed herein is a brief exploration of those Greek achievements...
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...Interaction, TAUCHI School of Information Sciences University of TampereTAUCHI – Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction Essential features of a research plan Contents • What is a research plan? – General overview • Functions • About preparation process • Structure – Central components of the plan • Language – Expertism versus clarity – Some hints • Summary 1TAUCHI – Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction What is a research plan? • It is really a plan, and an explication of your research • There can be different levels of plans – General level • Our focus today – Very detailed • E.g. in experimental research there are tens of details of how to carry out each individual study • Actually these are implementation plans, but NOTE that you must have them!TAUCHI – Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction What is a research plan? It has several functions: • Forms the basis of your research project and the subsequent work leading up to the preparation of – your thesis or – your manuscript for a scientific publication • It should clearly communicate your research ideas to other people – Evaluators • Note that they may not be experts in your specific area of researchTAUCHI – Tampere Unit for Computer-Human Interaction What is a research plan? • The central aim is to get funding and/or positions with the planned research • It will be a central tool for the rest of your life • After your PhD you really start to write money applications...
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