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Name: Neon-Ne

Discovery / history:

The name neon derives its name from Greek word (meaning 'New One'). It was discovered by scittusg chemist William Ramsay in 1898 and English Chemist Morris W. Travers in London, England. Neon was discovered as a chilled sample of the atmosphere, until it turned out to a liquid, then warmed the liquid and captured the fresh gases as they boiled off.

Properties:

Chemical Properties

Neon is an inert element because it has 8 valence electrons and is completely stable, the only reason elements react is to form a stable octet, since neon has a stable octet, there is no reason for it to react. Although neon is classified as inert, it can form an exotic compound with fluorine under extreme laboratory conditions. While it is not known for sure, some evidence suggests that this compound may be able to form naturally. Neon gas also has the ability to form an unstable hydrate when it reacts with water.2

Physical Properties

Neon is the tenth element of the periodic table, in group 18, making it a noble gas. It is an odorless, tasteless, nontoxic gas without the ability to form stable compounds. Neon is very light and colourless under normal conditions, however, it glows a reddish-orange colour when in a vacuum discharge tube, as it is excited electrically. Neon has the smallest liquid range of any element from the periodic table, a range of 2.5°C. The element neon has several isotopes, neon is composed of three stable isotopes, while there are five other known isotopes of neon that are unstable. Neon is the least reactive of all the noble gases, and therefore, the least reactive among all of the chemical elements. Physical Properties

|Phase |gas |
|Density |(0 °C, 101.325 kPa) |
| |0.9002 g/L |
|Liquid density at b.p. |1.207g·cm−3 |
|Melting point |24.56 K; -248.59 °C; -415.46 °F |
|Boiling point |27.07 K; -246.08 °C; -410.94 °F |
|Triple point |24.5561 K (-249°C), 43 kPa |
|Critical point |44.4 K, 2.76 MPa |
|Heat of fusion |0.335 kJ·mol-1 |
|Heat of vapourization |1.71 kJ·mol-1 |
|Specific heat capacity |(25 °C) 20.786 J·mol−1·K−1 |

Usages and if dangerous, how so?

Ne is valued as a lighting system because it is usable in cold places. That is also the reason why the element is used in aircraft beacons and aircraft. Ne can also be used as a cryogenic refrigerant. Research shows that Ne per unit volume of liquid has 40x more capacity than liquid helium. Neon in a liquid state has three times more capacity than liquid hydrogen. Basically, this means neon’s vaporization latent heat is 40 times more than helium and three times more than hydrogen.