...the United States, they created a new outline of what a country should be. While it is easier said than done, the Founding Fathers did an incredible job of shaping what would soon be the world’s leading power. However, on the way to becoming a world power, the United States had to recognize and correct its one major flaw, slavery. The sectional divide grew too large to handle and after Abraham Lincoln’s election, the South decided that secession was their only option. Hence, the Second American Revolution began. While the beginning of the war was mainly about maintaining the Union, the cause of the war evolved similarly to the way President Lincoln evolved during the time. A revolution...
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...The ante-bellum years were among the most chaotic in American history—a time of significant changes that took place as the United States came of age. As the industrialized North and the agricultural South grew further apart, tensions between both sides grew until war was inevitable. The North and South both had drastic cultural and economic differences- historian Wyatt Brown believed the south had severe cultural differences compared to the ‘Yankee’ north, Owsley believed there was a clash of values and a clash of two economic systems while others believed the aggressive north was infringing on the rights of the south. However, Craven and Revisionists believe the differences between the north and south have been exaggerated and there was more uniting the north and south than dividing, such as the shared language, history and culture. Although, it has been argued that slavery was the underlying cause, which resulted in a bitter, fueled war. The north and south of ante-bellum America are commonly known as being vastly different, however historian Craven argued that there was more uniting the two sections than diving and he stated that war was not inevitable. Both sections shared a common language, history, culture, politics and transport and trade links. Most southerners, alike the Americans living in the north shared the pride in US achievements, the respect for property ownership and all the other components of the ‘American Dream’ therefore bringing both sections together. ...
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...admitting California as a free state, establishing popular sovereignty in the territories of New Mexico and Utah, abolishing the slave trade in DC and enacting a Fugitive Slave Act. The Fugitive Slave Act forced Northern authorities to return runaways back to the South. The act was a win for the South but enraged abolitionists and perpetuated the anti-slavery cause in the North. The Kansas-Nebraska Act renewed these sectional tensions when it replaced the Missouri Compromise with popular sovereignty and opened the Kansas and Nebraska territories to slavery. In protest of the replacement of the Missouri Compromise the North denied the Fugitive Slave Act. Meanwhile in Kansas the Act had led to violent conflict. The formation of two illegal governments in the territory, one pro-slavery and the other anti-slavery, gave rise to its own civil war...
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...April 10, 2014 American History Final Essay Throughout American history, democracy has been an ever changing system of government; however it is far from perfect. It is constantly shaped by wealth and people of higher power. This played a significant role throughout the early 1800s in limiting the power of African Americans and people of lower socioeconomic statuses. These issues began to rise between the Jeffersonian and Jacksonian democracy from the start of the American Revolution through the Civil War. During this time period, a vast number of changes were implemented into the system of democracy, many of which still remain active today. Democracy created a variety of conflicts between the “Whigs” and the Democrats during the mid-1830s. These battles were fueled by their different beliefs regarding the economic issues of policy, political leaders and different class powers. “Like the Federalist of the 1790s, the Whigs wanted a political world dominated by men of ability and wealth” (Henretta 313). The majority of Whigs were yeomen whites who did not support the power of democrats who were mainly planters (313). These planters were driven by the sole purpose to acquire property and combine man labor with the world’s resources, they did this through slavery. These men believed they possessed the right to replace government if they felt it could not properly protect them and their property (Farless lecture). Most southern planters began to blame their short-comings on...
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...April 10, 2014 American History Final Essay Throughout American history, democracy has been an ever changing system of government; however it is far from perfect. It is constantly shaped by wealth and people of higher power. This played a significant role throughout the early 1800s in limiting the power of African Americans and people of lower socioeconomic statuses. These issues began to rise between the Jeffersonian and Jacksonian democracy from the start of the American Revolution through the Civil War. During this time period, a vast number of changes were implemented into the system of democracy, many of which still remain active today. Democracy created a variety of conflicts between the “Whigs” and the Democrats during the mid-1830s. These battles were fueled by their different beliefs regarding the economic issues of policy, political leaders and different class powers. “Like the Federalist of the 1790s, the Whigs wanted a political world dominated by men of ability and wealth” (Henretta 313). The majority of Whigs were yeomen whites who did not support the power of democrats who were mainly planters (313). These planters were driven by the sole purpose to acquire property and combine man labor with the world’s resources, they did this through slavery. These men believed they possessed the right to replace government if they felt it could not properly protect them and their property (Farless lecture). Most southern planters began to blame their short-comings on...
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...inevitable. He does observe, however, that it is hard to see how the country could have avoided some sort of showdown on slavery. Conflict was “irrepressible” in the sense that “the issues dividing the North and South were genuine and substantial and that conflict between them was a natural and logical result.” The civil war was inevitable given the circumstances under which it came. The three main causes: infringement on civil liberties, violation on states' rights, and the collapse of the two-party system made the conflict between North and South almost impossible to resolve. The war was going to happen one way or another. The south originally disagreed with Lincoln’s laws. The North and the South had very diverse views over slavery. The country couldn’t have been integrated if they didn’t come to a compromise. With the north wanting a strong federal government and the south with the contrary wants, the country couldn’t have agreed to go one way or the other. The war had to happen in order for a winner to take control and make the executive decisions. The country would have been splitting with every new state union, leaving the country with a very dissimilar outcome than what is today. The explosion of the American Civil War was caused by a vast number of conflicting principles and prejudices, fueled by sectional differences, and set aflame by a very disastrous set of political events. Certainly, the central theme of almost all of the events that led up to the Civil War was one way or...
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...‘The American Civil War was an irrepressible conflict.’ Do you agree? The American Civil war is one of the most studied topics in American history. Yet still, a definitive answer cannot be found as to why the war broke out. Many of the interpretations can be grouped into two major schools of thought: the irrepressible conflict or the Blundering Generation. It was certainly true that the North and South were becoming increasingly different during this period. Slavery being the most fundamental of these, however there was also variances in the economies and culture. This would support the idea that the war was inevitable as the differences were too great. However, it can be argued that radically different societies can co-exist without going to war. Instead, a series of mistakes and misjudgements were made by blundering politicians. There are numerous examples of this; the Kansas-Nebraska Act, Dred Scott and the Fugitive Slave Act to name just a few. In my view, the American Civil War was an irrepressible conflict since compromise on the slavery issue was impossible. Blundering politicians acted as catalysts to ignite the flames of war, however they did not create the differences which acted as the foundation for the irrepressible conflict. The issue of slavery is often cited as the most significant cause of the war. By 1860 the issue of slavery had become too great and compromise was impossible. As Frederick Douglass stated, ‘the more the issue is settled, the more it needs settling...
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...community their liberty and property?”(Pg. 81). James Madison then rose, and said that the Quakers petition should be treated routinely and with no fuss. The following day, another petition appeared from the Pennsylvania Abolition Society. This petition claimed that slavery and the slave trade were not compatible to the values that the Revolution was fought for....
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...PART 1 THE STUDY OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT R esearching the process of human development across cultures provides us with an opportunity to improve the human condition as well as, hopefully, to acquire the knowledge needed to optimize life satisfaction. We therefore begin with an overview of how diverse social science and life science researchers (collectively known as developmentalists) approach the monumental task of studying humans over the course of the life span. Our discussion includes the goals of the scientific community, the recognized framework for studying the life span, what aspects of development warrant extensive examination, and what scientific methods are used to conduct research with humans. Chapter 2 discusses the main developmental theories over the past 100 years, when social scientists, biologists, and chemists focused on studying discrete aspects of human development. Earlier introspective methods about subconscious experience and contemporary measurable evidence about microscopic genetic codes, neurons, and hormones all contribute to our understanding of the human condition. Contemporary researchers are focusing on how to integrate scientific findings and theory from across cultures into a more meaningful whole about human development. CHAPTER 1 Introduction Critical Thinking Questions 1. Developmental change takes place in three fundamental domains: physical, cognitive, and emotional-social. Which domain has been most important for...
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...APUSH Study Guide 8 A weak Confederacy and the Constitution, 1776-1790 Themes/Constructs: The federal Constitution represented a moderately conservative reaction against the democratilizing effects of the Revolution and the Articles of Confederation. The American Revolution was not a radical transformation like the French or Russian revolutions, but it produced political innovations and some social change in the direction of greater equality and democracy. The American Revolution did not overturn the social order, but it did produce substantial changes in social customs, political institutions, and ideas about society and government. Among the changes were the separation of church and state in some places, the abolition of slavery in the North, written political constitutions, and a shift in political power from the eastern seaboard toward the frontier. The first weak government, the Articles of Confederation, was unable to exercise real authority, although it did successfully deal with the western lands issue. The Confederation’s weakness in handling foreign policy, commerce and the Shays Rebellion spurred the movement to alter the Articles. Instead of revising the Articles, the well-off delegates to the Constitutional Convention created a charter for a whole new government. In a series of compromises, the convention produced a plan that provided for a vigorous central government, a strong executive, the protection for property, while still upholding republican...
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...gefiles A Child’s World: How We Discover It There is one thing even more vital to science than intelligent methods; and that is,the sincere desire to find out the truth, whatever it may be. —Charles Sanders Peirce, Collected Papers, vol. 5 Did You Know . . . Basic Theoretical Issues Issue 1: Is Development Active or Reactive? Issue 2: Is Development Continuous or Discontinuous? Theoretical Perspectives * Theories are never “set in stone”; they are always open to change as a result of new findings? * Children shape their world as it shapes them? * Cross-cultural research enables us to determine which aspects of development are universal and which are culturally influenced? * An experiment is the most definitive way to demonstrate that one event causes another? * The results of laboratory experiments may be less applicable to real life than experiments carried out in a home, school, or public setting? These are just a few of the interesting and important topics we will cover in this chapter. Here, we present an overview both of major theories of human development and of research methods used to study it. In the first part of the chapter, we explore major issues and theoretical perspectives that underlie much research in child development. In the remainder of the chapter, we look at how researchers gather and assess information so that, as you read further in this book, you will be better able to judge whether research findings and conclu- Perspective...
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...theories are sometimes referred to as “systems-oriented theories”. Within a systems-based perspective, the entity is assumed to be influenced by, and in turn to have influence upon, the society in which it operates. Within both legitmacy theory and Stakeholder theory, accounting disclosure polices are considered to constitute a strategy to influence the organisation’s relationships with the other parties with which it interacts. 2. Political Economy Theory According to Gray, Owen and Adams (1996), Legitmacy Theory and Stakeholder Theory are both derived from a broader theory which has been called “Political Economy Theory”. “Political Economy” as defined by Gary and Owen as the “social, political and economic framework within which human life takes places”. The perspective embraced is that society, politics and economies are inseparable, and economic issues cannot meaningly be investigated in the absence of considerations about the political, social and institutional framework in which the economic activity takes place. Gurthrie and Parket (1990) states that corporate reports cannot be consdered as neutral, unbiased documents …., but rather are ‘a product of interchange between the corporation and its environment and attempt to mediate and accommodate a variety of sectional interests.’ Chapter 8 – Systems oriented theories 2. Political Economy Theory (Cont’d) Two Broad streams which Gray, Owen and Adams have labelled are: - Classical political...
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...theories are sometimes referred to as “systems-oriented theories”. Within a systems-based perspective, the entity is assumed to be influenced by, and in turn to have influence upon, the society in which it operates. Within both legitmacy theory and Stakeholder theory, accounting disclosure polices are considered to constitute a strategy to influence the organisation’s relationships with the other parties with which it interacts. 2. Political Economy Theory According to Gray, Owen and Adams (1996), Legitmacy Theory and Stakeholder Theory are both derived from a broader theory which has been called “Political Economy Theory”. “Political Economy” as defined by Gary and Owen as the “social, political and economic framework within which human life takes places”. The perspective embraced is that society, politics and economies are inseparable, and economic issues cannot meaningly be investigated in the absence of considerations about the political, social and institutional framework in which the economic activity takes place. Gurthrie and Parket (1990) states that corporate reports cannot be consdered as neutral, unbiased documents …., but rather are ‘a product of interchange between the corporation and its environment and attempt to mediate and accommodate a variety of sectional interests.’ Chapter 8 – Systems oriented theories 2. Political Economy Theory (Cont’d) Two Broad streams which Gray, Owen and Adams have labelled are: - Classical political...
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...American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) Pipelines Conference 2005, Houston, TX Longitudinal Mechanics of Buried Thermoplastic Pipe: Analysis of PVC Pipes of Various Joint Types Shah Rahman1, Reynold K. Watkins2 ABSTRACT The analysis of longitudinal deformations compared to performance limits of deformation in buried pipes is referred to as longitudinal mechanics. Principal causes of longitudinal stress and strain within a pipe system include changes in temperature, internal pressure or vacuum, and beam bending. The widespread use of thermoplastic pipes, namely polyvinyl chloride (PVC), in municipal applications throughout North America in the past four decades has made it necessary to re-visit the topic of longitudinal mechanics for pipes that incorporate various types of joining systems. Typical North American PVC pipe joints are either bell-and-spigot gasket-joint or welded (heat-fused Fusible PVC and solvent-cement joints). Analysis herein focuses on the three main causes of longitudinal stresses and strains in bell-and-spigot gasket joints and welded joints, and includes discussion of theoretical concepts such as the Poisson effect and the Reissner effect. Topics which have raised issues in the field such as ponding due to sags in a PVC gravity line and the occasional cracking of PVC pipe bells during or after installation are also discussed. Current industry and manufacturer recommendations of various design parameters are provided in conjunction with the analysis...
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...Over the course of American History, there have been a lot of events that shaped America to the way that it is today. However, one of the most famous events that had happened was the Reconstruction Amendments, particularly the 13th Amendment. The 13th Amendment was one of three Amendments of the Reconstruction, along with the 14th Amendment, which was focused on citizenship and passed in 1868, and the 15th Amendment, which was focused on voting for African-Americans, and passed in 1870. The premises of the 13th Amendment was to abolish slavery. It was passed by the Senate on April 8, 1864, by the House on January 31, 1865, and ratified on December 6, 1865, abolished slavery as a legal institution. But at first, the 13th Amendment had a different purpose. It was to guarantee the legality and perpetuity of slavery in the slave states, rather than to end it. This caused complicated sectional politics of the antebellum period, and a futile effort to preclude Civil War. Under presidential war powers, Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1,...
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