...rise up their own family and have constant salary to spend for their daily life by just show up for a few hours. They can calculate their monthly expense and easily to save money. What’s more, being employed has more free time than being self-employed. This is because employees work according to the fixed hours they have deal with their company. As long as the working hours are over, employee can spend more time with their family, friends and lover. Next, it also leads employee to be discipline as they have a fixed timetable without any interruption in within due to task work or phone call from client after working hours. With this, healthy lifestyle can be gain if employees can arrange their time wonderfully and being responsible during working hours, they would have more time to being themselves instead of being a money slave. Secondly, allowance is given to employees. For example, health care is a huge benefit of being an employee, as it is much cheaper through an employer than on the individual market. Some company also provides family health care insurance for their employees, annual bonus and personal safety insurance. Those provided has highly reduced the expense of their employee in their daily life. While, if you look on the other side, as a self-employee they have to pay salaries to their co-workers and bills first, then only can truly gain their salary after deducted all the expenses on the business. Thus, being an employee is much better than...
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...Second career Self-employment and becoming an entrepreneur as a second career for dependent employees The responsibility for the contents of this report lies with EIM. Quoting numbers or text in papers, essays and books is permitted only when the source is clearly mentioned. No part of this publication may be copied and/or published in any form or by any means, or stored in a retrieval system, without the prior written permission of EIM. EIM does not accept responsibility for printing errors and/or other imperfections. Contents 1 Theoretical framework 7 1.1 Introduction 7 1.2 The transition process: Heuristical tool 8 1.3 Differences between start-ups: Dependent employee versus other types 10 1.4 Demarcation 11 1.5 Contents of the report 12 2 Entrepreneurship in the EU 15 2.1 Facts and figures 15 2.2 Entrepreneurs in the EU 20 2.3 Previous experience of starting entrepreneurs in the EU 24 3 Synthesis 31 3.1 Introduction 31 3.2 Legal definition of self-employed 31 3.3 General requirements related to start-ups 33 3.4 Financing the start-up of a business 34 3.5 Insolvency and seizure procedures 35 3.6 Social security systems in general 35 3.7 Social security: Unemployment 36 3.8 Social security: Sickness 39 3.9 Social security: Disability 40 3.10 Social security: Medical costs 40 3.11 Social security: Old age 41 3.12 Social...
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...Demibourne Ltd v HMRC Sp C [2005] SSCD 667 (Sp C 486) B had been employed by D Ltd to carry out general maintenance at their hotel. Following his retirement he continued to work in the same capacity but he was treated by his former employer as self-employed on a contract for services. PAYE was not operated and he was regarded as self-employed and had no holiday entitlement. He had a limited choice as to what work he should undertake, and as to the hours that he worked. As a very experienced worker with detailed knowledge of the hotel's infrastructure, he needed little supervision. This had also been the case during his period as an employee before his retirement. In the same way as he had done while an employee, B provided his own tools; a number of which were kept at the hotel. For purchases of goods, B either used his own credit card and was later reimbursed by the hotel, or the purchase was in the name of the hotel. B issued invoices in respect of each period worked. On occasions, he carried out a small amount of work for other persons. B reported his earnings to HMRC on the basis of being a self-employed individual, and paid tax accordingly. Following an employer compliance visit, HMRC concluded that B should be treated as employed rather than self-employed. Determinations were issued to collect PAYE and Class 1 NIC, which HMRC deemed should have been deducted. It was held by the Special Commissioners that Mr B’s status after his retirement remained that of an employee....
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...service , whether express or implied, and whether oral or in writing.The key issue the court has to decide is whether Arabella is an employee or an independent contractor,and if she is an employee she will be protected under the ERA 1996. It is important to consider common law rulings in order to establish whether Arabella qualifies as an employee under the 1996 Act.Arabella was labelled as an independent contractor and self-employed for tax puporses,it should be noted that in Ferguson v Dawson the labels of the claimant being called self-employed did not affect the parties true relationship which was one of a master and servant. Instead the court will also consider other factors such as the fact that the defendant could tell the claimant what to do and where to do it,in this case Blaye Mortgage Brokers provides a vehicle for Arabella and requires her to visit customers in South of England.As a result the court might label Arabella as an employee under the ERA 1996 by considering the factors mentioned above and the labels (independent contractor and self-employed) might be considered a sham at the court’s discretion. The highlighted upper paragraphs illustrated how to address the law which called ‘ILAC’ please peer in mind that there are no repeated sentence about the issue you just write one sentence or maximum two demonstrating the issue then you write the whole course work by this way “ Law which mean cases in the slides I provided you with or Employment rights Act and after...
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...Ela Bhatt is widely recognized as one of the world's most remarkable pioneers and entrepreneurial forces in grassroots development. Known as the "gentle revolutionary," she has dedicated her life to improving the lives of India's poorest and most oppressed citizens. In India, where 93 percent of the labor force are self-employed, 94 percent of this sector are women. Yet self-employed women have historically enjoyed few legal protections or worker's rights. In fact, most are illiterate and subject to exploitation and harassment by moneylenders, employers, and officials. Witnessing the terrible conditions faced by women working as weavers, stitchers, cigarette rollers, and waste collectors, Ela Bhatt began helping these women to organize themselves. In 1972, Ela Bhatt founded the Self-Employed Women's Association (SEWA) to bring poor women together and give them ways to fight for their rights and earn better livings. Three years after SEWA was founded, it had 7,000 members. Today it has a total membership of 700,000 women, making it the largest single primary trade union in India. Bhatt lead SEWA to form a cooperative bank in 1974 - with a share capital of $30,000 - that offered microcredit loans to help women save and become financially independent. Today the SEWA Cooperative Bank has $1.5 million in working capital and more than 30,000 depositors with a loan return rate of 94 percent. Through years of organization and strategic action, Ela Bhatt developed SEWA from a small...
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...PROJECT REPORT (Submitted for the degree of B.com Honours in Accounting & Finance under CalcuttaUniversity) ON WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT SUBMITTED BY Name of the Candidate: Registration No. : Roll No. : 0498 Name of the College: Bhawanipur Education Society College Name of University: Calcutta University Submitted on: February 2013 SUPERVISED BY Name of the Supervisor: Name of the College: Annexure- I Supervisor's Certificate This is to certify that Ms. a student of B.Com. Honours in Accounting & Finance ofBHAWANIPUR EDUCATION SOCIETY COLLEGE under the University of Calcutta has worked under mysupervision and guidance for her Project Work and prepared a Project Report with the title “WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT ” which she is submitting, is her genuine and original work to the best of my knowledge. Place: Kolkata Prof. Date: February, 2013 . Annexure- II Student's Declaration I hereby declare that the Project Work with the title “WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT”submitted by me for the partial fulfilment of the degree of B.Com. Honours in Accounting & Finance under the University of Calcutta is my original work and has not been submitted earlier to any other University /Institution for the fulfilment of the requirement for any course of study. I also declare that no chapter of this...
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...between net profit and sales 1:4. What the ratios do is that they reveal the relationship in a more meaningful way so as to enable the equity investors, management and lenders make better investments and credit decisions. The significance and importance of ratio analysis may be explained as follows: • It helps in evaluating the corporations performance: • It helps in inhume firm comparison: • It simplifies money statements http://www.nippur.nl/Services/BusinessPlanning/tabid/95/Default.aspx Basis of comparison: The use of ratios as a tool of financial analysis, involves their comparison , for a single ratio like absolute figures fails to reveal their true position. For example, if in case of a firm, the return on capital employed is 15% in a particular year, what does that indicate? Only if the figure is related to the fact that in the preceding year the relevant return was 12% or 18% , it may be inferred whether or not the profit of the firm has declined or improved. or else, if we all...
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...Self-Employed Reno Criminal Defense Lawyer William Routsis Born in New York City and raised in Nevada, William Routsis attended the University of Nevada, Reno, where he won two national collegiate boxing championship titles. After graduating with an undergraduate degree in criminal justice, he matriculated at the McGeorge School of Law in Sacramento, California. William Routsis completed his legal studies in 1989 as one of the top two students in the field of constitutional law. Mr. Routsis has operated his own private practice in Reno for nearly three decades. Over the course of his career, he has represented clients in eight different homicide trails, and none of these trails resulted in a conviction. He has also received media attention...
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...the perception of self appertain such a paradox in life; there is no apparent correlation between the ownership of objects, or even the non-material concepts of ‘ownership’ that emerged, and the perception of self and self-value. Yet, in an indirect manner, ownership influences how one perceives himself and is conducive to the level at which one’s self-perception exists. Ownership, of both material and nonmaterial objects, has the potential of establishing a sense of belonging that augments self-confidence,...
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...of the perspectives of others. Depending on what you decide can lead you on a road to success or failure, but it is the most crucial and important. Starting from your hygiene, eating habits, school, work, keeping your body in shape to just simple hobbies may have a big impact on your life's longevity and social aspect. The first step in building good personal responsibility, is by first realizing the flaws and mistakes that you have made, because although it is not an addiction we tend to create bad habits. From our early school years up until your set in your career we must have a schedule to keep us on track and at the same time develop self confidence and motivation to better our selves. Creating a physical work out routine will not only maintain your physical shape, but also provides more energy to the body acquiring more self motivation to keep active. Also while exercising your relieving stress from the body and the brain, establishing more space for knowledge and social view point, therefore, make it is easier to become more educated.When we think about how personal responsibility can be related to education we acknowledge that in order to succeed as a student one must form schedules to study and listen to the advice given to us by our teachers, hard work pays off. As a student eager to succeed in high school as well as college must know that asking for help when in doubt is also allowed. Building a foundation to communicate and interact with other people. Accepting...
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...and nibble on nuts apply potions and lotions, don helmets and hats: All at the behest of my skin. Drinking too much, sleeping too little, lying too long in the sun and I am compelled to feel guilty. Connor says ‘the skin is not a part of the body’ (Connor 2002, 4) and indeed, my skin is like a domineering despot. It petulantly exposes my neglect by painting dark circles under my eyes, smudging the glow and scattering blemishes. It is the reflection of my soul, separate but inseparable from myself - my ‘body’s twin’ (Connor 2002, 5). It is this ‘twin’ (Connor 2002, 5) or my ‘immaterial, ideal, ecstatic’ (Connor 2002. 5) imagining of my skin that constitutes what Cooley described as a ‘looking glass self’. (described by Coser 1997) This concept states that ‘an individual’s self-conception result(s) from assimilating the judgments of their significant others’ (discussed by Mikala, 2012). What we see in this mirror is not our carefully considered actions and the complex thought process that leads us to take them; We only see this ‘shadow’ (Connor 2002, 5) which becomes more than simply the living tissue. It is branded with our outward identity. And so, how we perceive others to view us in turn influences how we see ourselves. This attitude is present without an actual witness though. The...
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...vector of Chickering and Reisser’s theory “Establishing identity.” While one could argue the development of student identities takes place during the creation of a profile, the development of the students’ true identity is something that a profile is likely dependent upon. A student’s Facebook profile will not stay the same throughout the duration of a student’s career, but instead grows and changes with the student as they move along a path of self-discovery. It is through the assimilation of friends, relationships, activities, experiences, education and other factors that a student truly defines a sense of self that can be reflected both corporally and digitally. It is in this vector, among others, that the cyclical pattern of Chickering and Reisser’s developmental process stumbles. As most of the vectors concern processes that are ongoing throughout a student’s collegiate or university career and beyond, the development of identity is itself an ongoing, likely never-ending process students will not cease until some point of complete self-actualization....
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...M. Washington OMM 612: Managing in Social Change Experiencing Work as a Meaningful Activity Dr. L. Flegle December 2, 2012 Experiencing Work as a Meaningful Activity Why do people work? A person may work for various reasons. For some work is fun and full of meaning. For others there may be instances where work is viewed as a burden or an end to a means. When there is a lack of satisfaction, work will not be fun, fulfilling or meaningful. As stated by Harper and Leicht (2011), work is never experienced as a neutral activity. However, according to Budd ((2011), work can be viewed as intrinsically rewarding and not just as a source of income. When individuals have the tools to seek and achieve work as a personal fulfillment, we can better understand how people view and experience work as a rich and meaningful activity. There are no people in my immediate circle of friends and co-workers who view work as a meaningful activity. The most common reason people work is to support a lifestyle. A person works in order to provide for themselves as well as their family with the basic essentials (shelter, clothing, and food). According to Harper and Leicht (2011), a question that often gets asked is whether or not the American economy can make jobs available that allow employees to afford a middle-class lifestyle and the consumer components of the American dream. The recent recession that the American economy has faced adds to the doubt. More people are being laid off...
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...Individualism is the idea that the sense of self is greater than the community. It urges its supporters to explore the depths of their psyche, even if it challenges accepted doctrine. To moral criticism, individualism is its greatest enemy. At its core, moral criticism finds its strength through the community over all ideology. This desire for communal uplift allows the people to serve a common purpose when advancing the community. But because of this, the voices of the individual are lost to the wind. During the Age of Romanticism, the people had had enough of being silenced; they sought to wholeheartedly explore their inner self. Through their writings, Washington Irving and Herman Melville were two men fighting for the people’s individuality; much to the dismay of moral critics. Washington Irving, famous writer and individualist, sought to bring individualism to the forefront of society’s progression. He believed the exploration of one’s self was more important than seeking communal prosperity. Irving wanted the people to see the world through lenses untainted by God, religion and the established doctrines. For him, the world’s morality was meant to be created by the individual. This way of thinking was quite scary to the moral critics of this era. The sense of community was being lost in novels centered on individuals. These novels allowed the people to play God, and by doing so, they were able to concoct their own morality. Irving’s writings continued to propagate the...
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...The third theory have been used is The Self and Symbolic Consumption. Hellerich et al.(1998) states that endeavoring to create the self in contemporary society is inseparable from consumption, which is central to the meaningful practice of our everyday life (Wattanasuwan 2005). However, The Self and Symbolic Consumption theory is focus on the concept that we employ consumption not only to create and sustain the self but also to locate us in society (Elliott 1994 et al, cited in Wattanasuwan 2005). There have two main purposes to consumption of products, activities or beliefs, the first one is to satisfy ours needs, whereas the second one is to carry out out “self-creation project” in a saturated world (Wattanasuwan 2005). “Self-creation project” means that we desire for a sense of meaningfulness in our pursuit of “being” in order to feel “alive” in this world (Gergen 1991,cited in Wattanasuwan 2005). We can symbolically acquire it from our everyday consumption and to bridge the intermediate state between our selves and others in society. Therefore, in relation to our advertisement, a woman desires to have a beautiful and formal coloured hair within a limited time for a ball. Kao Kiese not only satisfy anyone whose demand to have a colour hair within a limited time, but also provide symbolism that a beauty image for female in a special occasion. Brown 1995 et al argue that so as to seduce consumers in a marketing campaign, the more those signs and images are detached from their...
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