...Maryland; and the infamous Salem witch trials occur amid the late seventeenth century and mid-eighteenth century. Business exchange rapidly turned into a need in numerous states. Product development was deficient in benefit. This drove Nathaniel Bacon to his disobedience to Virginia's representative Sir William Berkeley. This story was told again and again by different states and insubordination to their authorities or potentially their directions when it hindered their gainfulness. More significant part of the settlements,experienced varieties of comparable changes,regardless of whether it be in Virginia or Maryland. 2.Describe the influence of Puritanism in New England society in the 1600’s. Religion was vital to the Puritans, there were numerous other crucial convictions that the Puritans withheld which impacted New England society. The instruction was imperative because keeping in mind the end goal to comprehend the...
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...KEH 2016 Seventeenth-century England appears to have existed as a hierarchal society with commoners answering to members of the social elite, who held a monopoly on England’s political and economic power through both government involvement and wealth. It can be argued that members of the lower class were typically uneducated, illiterate, and locally constricted, often never leaving their home cities. As a result of geographic limitations, the average townsperson received little information regarding the world around them. Given these conditions, political involvement was impossible for most citizens. It can be questioned if a popular politics even existed. With limited knowledge of English society, this series of bold statements appears to ring true; however, upon further inspection, it can be found that British citizens of a variety of backgrounds became increasingly involved in political discussion and change of the day. In reality, politics involved a much wider audience than can be easily ascertained. It is true that many citizens of England remained illiterate; however, literacy should be viewed as a spectrum rather than a binary matter. Records of literacy tests most frequently consist of lists of signatures, which people signed before courts. While some failed at signing their names, they were capable of reading and comprehending information to some extent. Even in sixteenth-century England, means of bypassing literacy in political discussion existed: “Learned men like...
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...During the seventeenth century, the northern colonies were vasty different from the southern colonies. They were based solely around religion and focussed on very different crops. Additionally, people traveled to the northern colonies for a very different reason than people to the southern colonies. They were there to start religious colonies versus to make money. The seventeenth century started with the English Reformation. During this reformation, the Catholic church was outlawed and the king became the leader of the Church of England. This extended all the way to appointing heads of the church. Unlike King Henry the VIII, Puritans wanted a complete reformation, they did not want to stop half way. A new translation of the Bible was even instituted by King James I. There were,...
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...Course February 12th 2013 17th Century European Witch craze Abstract The 17th century was the height of witch craze in Europe, where many were executed and persecuted for witchcraft. Approximately eighty five percent of those executed for witchcraft were women and this frenzy continued in Europe all the way to the early twentieth century. The loss of life was so severe that it has been referred to some researchers as a holocaust. Did this hysteria against witchcraft reduce their numbers? No. The more violently they were executed, the more in number they became. Most of those executed were women and this form of massive attack on women signifies a type of genocide; one that focuses on gender rather than on a religious or ethnic group. In Reformation Europe, women were overwhelmingly tried as witches. In France and Germany, more than eighty percent of those executed as witches and in England, ninety two percent of those executed for witchcraft were women and in Russia, approximately ninety five percent were also put to death (Trevor 214). The practice of witch hunts subsided by late seventeenth century and by early eighteenth century, witchcraft trials were rare. The causes for the decline of witch hunts are numerous and complex. This paper will attempt to analyze the witch craze phenomenon concentrating on several questions: why did women suffer the majority of the executions? Why did the witch craze end in the seventeenth century? Why was there a sudden increased attention...
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...The common people of preindustrial Europe had not enjoyed a life of simple comfort and natural experiences. Their life was a cruel and brutal exploitation. The eighteenth century witnessed such an evolution, as patterns of marriage shifted and individuals adapted and conformed to the new and changing realities of the family unit. The eighteenth century was filled with relations upon nature of family life, childhood, diet and heath, and education and religion. Family life after a short period of time during the seventeenth and eighteenth period changed majorly upon the age differences of European couples. Many married when they could actually start an independent household and support themselves and their future children. Peasants needed to wait until their father had passed, so they could receive land and often freedom to marry. Customs of marriage combined with the nuclear-family household distinguished European society from other areas of the world. Children would work in their family until they could start their own households. They would do the usual jobs that younglings had which had been, plowing, and weaving cloth, spun and tended cows. Many apprentices from a rural village would move to a city or town to learn a trade, if lucky he would join a guild and establish his economic independence. Many poor families couldn’t afford apprenticeships for their sons, without any type of skills they would drift from one tough job to another. Many women apprentices’ opportunities...
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...The New England and Chesapeake regions did vary in a number of ways. These differences included economy, population, and religion. The regions were assembled for very contrasting reasons and under different climates. The New England colonies, Maryland, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania were formed and established "as plantations of religion." The first New England colonies, which included New Hamshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut and Massachussets, were all founded in the 17th century, beginning with the landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth in 1620. All but New Hampshire were founded as havens for various religious groups, including Seperatists, Quakers, and Puritans. The separatist objective was to follow the teachings of John Calvin and separate from both the Roman Catholic and Angelican churches. During the...
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...Meko Dorsett HIS 200 Dr. Tameka Hobbs 24 August 2012 Chapter 5 Summary – “The Southern Colonies in the Seventeenth Century, 1601–1700 ” Summary: This chapter begins with a portrait of Benjamin Franklin's early life in Boston and his arrival in Philadelphia. This chapter also talks about the growing population and expanding economy in British North America. The most important fact about eighteenth-century colonial America is its remarkable population growth. New England's population increased six fold during the eighteenth century and Natural increase was most responsible for the growth of New England's population during the eighteenth century. Immigrants came to the middle colonies for the perceived economic opportunities. Key Words: Scots-Irish They were a group of restless people who fled their homes in Scotland in the 1600’s to escape poverty and religious oppression. They first relocated to Ireland and then to America in the 1700s. They left their mark on the backcountry of Virginia, the Carolinas, and Georgia. These areas are home to many Presbyterian churches established by the Scots-Irish. Many people in these areas are still very independent like their ancestors. Olaudah Equiano(1745-1797) African who was sold into slavery and bought his way out-kidnapped as a boy (age 11) from his home he was sold into slavery and sold amongst slave traders many times-he served in the Seven Years' War as a captain's boy and was then sold to a slave trader where he went...
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...WOMEN’S SEXUALITY IN SEVENTEENTH AND EIGHTEENTH CENTURY PURITAN MASSACHUSETTS Liesl Schnuck November 1, 2011 Due to the strength of their belief in and fear of God, colonial Massachusetts’s society regulated women’s sexuality through a paradoxical relationship: women as saints and women as sinners. Introduction In the religion-obsessed society of colonial Massachusetts, Puritan beliefs dominated contemporary views on sexuality, especially with regard to women. Although Puritan ministers understood human nature’s inability to avoid sexual relations, they adamantly professed that sex must not interfere with religion. In order to create stability within their society, ministers and lawmakers turned towards the women to implement and describe sexual regulation. Women’s social function was not only complex, but also difficult to define. As historian N.E.H. Hull notes, “theirs was a special place, not altogether enviable—for in this land of saints and sinners, they were viewed as both saintlier and more sinful than men.” Not only did society expect and desire women to act morally, but society also feared women for their supposed tendencies to act corruptly. Carol F. Karlsen accurately differentiates between these two identities by naming these women either “handmaidens of the devil” or “handmaidens of the Lord.” This distinction demonstrates the binary opposition of women’s place in society that existed in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. By identifying these...
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...The foundation for the United States of America began with the establishment of colonies during the seventeenth century. These settlers settled in the New England and Chesapeake regions and although these communities were settled predominately by individuals of English origin, these two regions had developed into two distinct societies by 1700. This difference in development was due largely to religion in daily life in the colonies, the social aspects of the colonies and the political and economic structures effective during the colonial period. Religious aspects of the colonies provide clear evidence of their divergence during the 1700s. Although most of the settlers were protestant, religion was valued disparately. Life in New England...
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...From the beginning, Chesapeake and the New England areas had completely very different identities, from their unique views, settler demographics, economic systems, religious freedoms, social patterns and political structures. When the first settlers arrived at Chesapeake, the primary motives for settlement was for commercial and profit as these settlers hoped to find gold and silver that they could take back to Europe and make a profit. They did not intend to establish a functioning society. The primary motives for settlement in the New England colony were by Puritan Separatists who sought religious freedom where they would be free to practice as they wish instead of under the watchful eye of the Church of England. The settlers that survived the voyage to Chesapeake from Europe learned from the local Powhatan Indians the process of corn and tobacco growing. With the expansion of the tobacco industry, plantation owners relied on the cheap labor of slaves and indentured servants. Only because the tobacco...
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...Americas over the Bering Strait occurred approximately ______ ago. A. 2,000 years B. 5,000 years C. 9,000 years D. 11,000 years E. 18,000 years 2. The first truly complex society in the Americas was that of the A. Maya. B. Aztecs. C. Incas. D. Pueblos. E.Olmec. 3. Cahokia was a large trading center located near what present-day city? A. St. Louis B. Memphis C. New Orleans D. Baton Rouge E. Detroit 4. Regarding knowledge of the Americas prior to the fifteenth century, most Europeans A. were aware of the travels of the Norse seaman Leif Eriksson in the eleventh century. B. believed the Americas to consist of little more than several small islands. C. were entirely unaware of the existence of the Americas. D. assumed that the Americas were largely unpopulated. E. had only heard of America from the travels of Marco Polo. 5. The preeminent European maritime power in the fifteenth century was A. Spain. B. Portugal. C. France. D. the Netherlands. E. England. 6. Christopher Columbus A. was trained as a sailor through his long service to Italy. B. was a man of little ambition. C. believed that Asia could only be reached by sailing east. D. believed the Americas consisted of a few islands. E. thought the world was much smaller than it was in reality. 7. Amerigo Vespucci A. sailed on the voyages of Christopher Columbus. D. never traveled to the New World. B. was a leading critic of Columbus’s claims. E. hailed from Portugal. C...
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...Bourbon family now controlled it because King Charles II willed his kingdom to Louis XIV’s grandson, Philip V of Spain. However, the Bourbon family ruling over Spain did not mean they controlled Flanders and Italy because they had to forfeit these two in the war and . The nation I believed gained the most from this war was England because as it states on page...
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...Erasmus (B) the Church of England (C) Catholicism after the Council of Trent (D) Lutheranism in the early sixteenth century (E) the Society of Jesus (Jesuit order) 2. The term "humanism," when applied to Renaissance Italy, refers primarily to the: (A) renewed interest in the scientific method at many Italian universities (B) capitalist values advanced by leading Italian merchant bankers (C) anti-religious movement among leading Italian intellectuals (D) scholarly interest in the study of the classical cultures of Greece and Rome (E) non-Christian themes that became prominent in Italian art and literature 3. Which of the following beliefs was central to Martin Luther's religious philosophy? (A) Salvation by faith alone (B) Saints as intermediaries between the individual Christian and God (C) The sacrament of penance (D) The priesthood defined as distinct from the laity (E) The equality of men and women 4. During the Thirty Years' War, France pursued a policy of: (A) supporting the Hapsburgs against the Protestant princes and rulers (B) allowing French Protestants to fight for the Protestants even though the monarchy supported the Roman Catholics (C) supporting the Protestant princes and rulers against the Hapsburgs (D) remaining neutral (E) opposing England in order to recapture Normandy 5. Which of the following most accurately describes the political system of the Dutch republic of the seventeenth century? (A) Popular democracy...
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...the dawn of the eighteenth Century the Ottomans, while perceived by the Western powers to be in decline, were still a moving force in world politics. The heart of the Ottoman Empire homelands was strategically located at the crossroads of the great trade routes of the medieval world. Situated near the convergence of the Silk Roads, the Indian Ocean Routes, the Volga, the Danube, and the Mediterranean the Ottomans enjoyed political, economic and social influence over a large portion of Eastern Europe, Africa, and the Middle East The many provincial governments and diplomatic outposts in the countries controlled by the Ottomans functioned as effective and essential arms of the central bureaucracy. Encompassing vast swaths of territory, the...
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...The participation of England in the maritime expansion of Europe to new lands occurred subsequent to the works carried out by Portugal and Spain, which since the fifteenth century had launched expeditions to the Atlantic Ocean. Despite the time difference, the English colonization of North America was very important for the economic development of England and its colonies in the north of the American continent, known as the Thirteen Colonies. The first attempt at occupation of North America by the English happened to Walter Raleigh, who organized three expeditions to the region in the late sixteenth century. Raleigh did not get the expected success with the expeditions, because of the constant attacks of the indigenous people who lived there....
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