...M. Kuroki English 1A Essay #4 (The Research Paper) Determining the Sources of Two “Isms”: Racism and Sexism (225 points) Due Dates: See Syllabus Submission Requirements: Please remember to submit a hard copy of your essay in class, attaching to it your peer reviews. Also submit an electronic copy through TurnItIn (see link on Canvas). Length: 7-10 pages (not including the Annotated Bibliography) Annotated Bibliography Component: Instead of a Works Cited, you will include an Annotated Bibliography with your research paper (worth 25 pts. of your total score). Readings: • “Sex and Temperament,” Margaret Mead • “Masculinity,” Germaine Greer • Selection from Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave • Any previously assigned reading relevant to your topic • Sample causal analysis essay (title TBA) Research Requirement: Please use at least seven (7) but no more than ten (10) secondary sources. You must use at least one of each of the following source types: a book, an article from a scholarly journal, a newspaper article, and a magazine article. You must use at least two relevant assigned World of Idea reading, which will count toward the 7-source minimum. Furthermore, while you may use more than one website, only one website will count toward the 7-source minimum. In other words, you must incorporate research from the following source types into your paper: 1. A book 2. A scholarly journal...
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...1989 essay, “Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory and Antiracist Politics. Crenshaw describes several employment discrimination-based lawsuits to illustrate how Black women’s complaints often fall between the cracks precisely because they are discriminated against both as women and as Blacks. The ruling in one such case, DeGraffenreid v. General Motors, filed by five Black women in 1976, demonstrates this point vividly (2013). The General Motors Corporation had never hired a Black woman for its workforce before 1964 which is the year that the Civil Rights Act passed through Congress. All of the Black women hired after 1970 lost their jobs fairly quickly, however, in mass layoffs during the 1973 to 1975 recession. This was such an extensive loss of jobs among Black women it led the plaintiffs to argue that seniority-based layoffs, directed by the principle “last hired-first fired,” discriminated against Black women employees at General Motors, re-enforcing past discriminatory practices by the company. However the court refused to allow the plaintiffs to combine sex-based and race-based discrimination into a single category of discrimination. Making the voices of Black women continue to be unheard (2013). Mignon Moore argues that Black women are discriminated against in ways that often do not fit clearly within the legal categories of “racism” or “sexism”—but as a combination of both racism and...
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...Feminism is known to be the belief of equality between the sexes and also the movement created around belief. In relation to equality, it is the idea to end sexism and to end a patriarchal society. The word feminism was created in the 1880’s in France and the Netherlands, which only connects to Caucasians (Hobbs, Rice 1B). Feminism started with Caucasians before it got established to people of color. The Feminist Movement is entirely about the change for women but the movement consists of only a White women’s viewpoint, which they view the male as the enemy. Reading about feminism only makes references to European men and women but not people of color. During the Feminist Movement, three waves were created; the first wave was women’s suffrage, the second wave was the women’s liberation movement, and the third movement was centered on sexuality (Hobbs, Rice 23). The movement was focused on women and...
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...How Environment Plays Role In Learning College 100 American Military University There are a many different factors into why we learn the way we do. In a society where so many variables contribute and influence our day to interactions, how does the environment play a role in our learning? From living conditions, educational influence, social impacts and the forever perceived relevance of race, there are plenty of factors that help diagnose why our environment plays such a significant role in our learning abilities. So what are the effects of growing up in a privileged area versus an area of poverty? What’s the difference between having parents who have a higher degree in learning versus parents who didn’t even graduate high school? How do the crowds students hang out with affect dedication to learn and seek a higher level? We will discuss all if this and more. Studies have shown that individuals growing up in areas have poverty suffer from several risk factors that can inhibit their ability to learn. Kids growing up in less than adequate living conditions also face socioeconomic issues mainly because they do not relate to a majority of the other kids they deal on a day to day basis. According to Eric Jensen, there are four major contributing factors that kids living in poverty deal with, explained as EACH. These steps include; emotional and social challenges, acute and chronic Stressors, cognitive lags and safety Issues. Dealing with these issues can be a major problem...
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...Joe Blow English 1100, Section R75 Instructor: Sheila Hancock February 27th, 2011 “The Ebb and Flow of Favour”: Narrative Structure in Dionne Brand’s “Job” In “Job,” Dionne Brand offers a short vignette that attempts to expose racism and sexism in 1970s Canada. In this one-paragraph narrative essay, Brand tells the story of her rejection by a potential employer—that her rejection is based on her race is the fact the story hinges upon; that she is willing to be exploited based on her gender is the essay’s central irony. Brand offers a narrative structure that allows the reader to empathize with the speaker—to experience an emotional response that reflects that of the speaker. She accomplishes this response by withholding information until a crucial moment, by varying sentence length and control to reflect emotions, and by repeating certain images throughout the essay. [Thesis statement] Brand opens her essay by outlining the series of events that lead her to seek employment at an office on Keele Street in Toronto. She recounts how she secures—by telephone—an interview for the following day; she then recounts her careful preparations for the interview and her arrival at the office on the day of the interview. Suddenly—and apparently inexplicably—she is told that the job no longer exists. Just as it dawns on the speaker that the reason she is unacceptable for the position is her race, it also dawns on the reader. Brand, with careful rhetorical manipulation of structure, mimics the...
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...Angelique Vasquez Doctor Scala WGS 4100 April 4, 2017 Log 8 As a black feminist and social activist, bell hooks addresses the intersections of race, class, gender, sexuality and religion, and their ability to produce and perpetuate systems of oppression and domination. In her latest work, Writing Beyond Race: Living Theory and Practice, she attempts to strategize the ways in which scholars, activists and readers can challenge and change systems of domination. In Writing Beyond Race, bell hooks provides an insightful and compelling analysis of the discourse and media representations of race and racism, and provides suggestions for the ways in which people can bridge cultural and racial divides. Writing Beyond Race is a smart, engaging and passionate...
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... Comma Splices a. https://awc.ashford.edu/grammar-errors-run-ons-and-comma-splices.html 5. Subject and Verb Agreement a. https://awc.ashford.edu/grammar-errors-subject-verb-agreement-tips.html Reflect on the tone of your writing. Do you appear cold, warm, or friendly in all of the right places? I felt as if I came off warm and friendly in my essay. Does your tone work for your audience and purpose? Yes it does. (Chapter 9.3) See this website for further help. Look for connotations. Are they accurate? Are they overly emotional? Are they no connotations in my essay? There were no connotations that I came across. Look for trigger words that may suggest racism, sexism or offensive language, and correct. See this website for further explanation. I didn’t find any trigger words in my essay. Look for words that can be simplified. Yes there were words in my essay that could be simplified and I change them. Look for words that can be made more specific. I didn’t find and words that could be more specific. Look for verbs that could be more action specific. I did find some of the words and they were changed to make my essay better. Examine the transitions (furthermore, next, last year, etc.). Are they accurate and are they in the right places? Should you add more? In my first draft I did have issues with the transitions but I learn how to put those words in there so it could flow smoothly. Make sure each sentence is complete and clear. Look for choppy sentences that can...
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...He mentions a lot of presidents and their attributions to today’s economy. McClelland states, “24 percent define the American dream as “not being in debt.” They’re not trying to get ahead. They’re just trying to get to zero” (McClelland 553). Most people, especially young people are not making enough money to live which has resulted in the middle class deteriorating. Although I was not happy with the results of the election I hope that Donald Trump will be able to increase minimum wage and decrease the unemployment rate. For the future I hope that the middle class is recreated and the economy becomes much better than it currently is. The presidential election has really shown just how much racism still exists. I hope that in the future we are able to eliminate racism and sexism. Overall our nation has a lot of issues that will take years or even decades to resolve but if we come together as a nation anything is...
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...To Kill a Mockingbird Essay The story To Kill a Mockingbird takes place in Maycomb Alabama in the 1930’s. The Great Depression was in effect so not a lot of people had any money. However, this was not the only thing they had to worry about. There was a lot of Racism, class prejudice, and sexism that all lead up to not only the kids, but also adults facing the destruction of innocence. One example, is the mockingbird. This represented innocence because Atticus stated it was a sin to kill a mockingbird. Mockingbirds never do anything but sing beautiful music for us to listen to. They are peaceful animals that don’t hurt you. Innocence was taken away from Tom Robinson. He was accused for raping a white girl Mayella because he was black. Tom was innocent until they made him guilty. He tried to help her but it backfired. She told him to come inside and tried to have sex with him but her dad came in and Mayella blamed Tom. This was taken to trial and Tom was announced guilty because of destruction of innocence. Another example, is Boo Radley. Just like Tom the town made him seem like the bad guy from rumors and town gossip. Boo was locked inside his house most of his life and everyone thought he was scary and shouldn’t trust him. In reality he...
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...culture has much to answer for. We live in a time where political correctness dictates the necessity of ignoring all our old world prejudices. Yet sexism, racism and all other such examples of outmoded concepts still manage to seep into mainstream culture. For this essay, I intend to apply the literary theory of feminism to showcase such an example of glaring sexism in the origin and back-story of Arcee. Arcee is one of the very few female characters from the popular series Transformers. While there will be examples from alternate storylines, the one I would focus on primarily is the IDW Generation 1 Continuity comic books. The Transformers series has been ongoing for over 30 years. It has spawned various comic books, cartoon series, video games and movie remakes. Unfortunately this has led to numerous re-imaginings and alternate universes of the story. But the underlying theme centers around the robotic inhabitants of a planet called Cybertron. Here a war has been raging for centuries between two factions sharing completely opposing ideologies. The Autobots, who believe in the rights of freedom for every sentient being, and the Decepticons, who believe in establishing peace through domination. Arcee is a female member of the Autobots. Although portrayed as one of the 'good guys', she is nevertheless an example of the pervading sexism that exist in our society. The world of Transformers is comprised overwhelmingly of males, with females making very few, if any, appearances. Although...
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...One would not read Adolf Hitler’s Mein Kampf to learn about Germans’ anti Semitic views in the 20th Century, or to learn about how the Jews “bastardized the white race” (Hitler 56). Surprisingly, Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness is still taught in high schools in 2016 even though the likes of Wilson Follett in 1915 have noted that the novel “Contained an implicit moral injunction to the white man: keep racial purity” (Adelman). Students would learn about the state of colonialist Europe at the end of the 19th Century equally from history books as they do from Conrad’s Heart of Darkness. Until racism is completely eradicated from our society today, it is not acceptable to propagate any form of literature or art which supports it. Similar to sexism, racism is...
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...Kilacindra McCabe English 102 & Composition Invisible Man Research Essay 06/10/2016 Invisible Race and Gender in Invisible Man, by Ralph Ellison In Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison, the unnamed narrator shows us through the use motifs and symbols how racism and sexism negatively affect the social class and individual identity of the oppressed people. Throughout the novel, the African American narrator tells us the story of his journey to find success in life which is sabotaged by the white-dominated society in which he lives in. Along his journey, we are also shown how the patriarchy oppresses all of the women in the novel through the narrator’s encounters with them. One of the major motifs in Invisible Man is blindness. The first time we’re shown blindness in the novel is at the battle royal. The blindfolds that all of the contestants wear symbolize how the black society is blind to the way white society is still belittling them, despite the abolishment of slavery. When he arrives at the battle, the narrator says “I was told that since I was to be there anyway I might as well take part in the battle royal to be fought by some of my schoolmates as part of the entertainment” (Ellison 17). Although, the white men asked him to come to the battle royal in order to deliver his graduation speech, they force him to participate in the battle royal, where the white men make young black men fight each other as a form of entertainment for them. When the black men put their blindfolds...
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...The essay, “Class In America-2009” by Gregory Santos, it begins with the author talking about how the U.S does not speak of class privileges or class oppression. These words not part of people’s vocabulary in the U.S. Poor people would rarely classify themselves as poor. Instead they prefer to classify themselves based on their race, ethic group, or geographic location. In a study done by Susan Ostrander, she asked wealthy participants they considered their selves in the upper class. Most participants responded that they hated the term “class” because they were just people who were well-born. Although it is unspeakable to talk about the upper and lower class, it is acceptable to talk about the middle class. This is because it seems that the middle class in the U.S, is neither part of the high nor the lower class. They’re four myths that suggests the people in the U.S are ignorant of class differences and how it impacts people daily lives. The first myth is that the rich and...
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...Black Woman Involved in the Black Power Movement Angela Davis HIU 301 Samantha Wilson December 4, 2013 There has been many civil rights movements throughout African American history, but none has gotten the most attention as the black power movement in the 1960s.Although we only hear about men during these periods there would not have been so much success without the women. The women were the real grassroots of the movement, but did not get as much recognition. When did the black power movement start? Many people are not sure, but the black power movement can be traced as far back to the 1920s with the Marcus Garvey movement, and his formation of the Universal Negro Improvement Association. The Universal Negro Improvement Association were followers of Marcus Garvey. Marcus Garvey was the first person to organize masses of black people, because he was very influential, he was able to attain that goal.1 The Marcus Garvey’s UNIA had the same goals like the black power, such as self-determination, self-pride, and unity. The UNIA slowly died down once Marcus Garvey became ill and subsequently died. 2 A couple of years after the UNIA died down, there were a couple of protests and marches such as the Meredith march and the march on Washington with A. Phillip Randolph and later Dr Martin Luther King. These marches did get some attention, but not the attention that the people desperately craved for.1 When you think of the black...
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...social cognition | Attribution | attitudes | Heuristics | persuasion | Empathy | attraction | Idiosyncracy credit | prosocial behavior | Individualism | stereotype | Collectivism | prejudice | Personal identity | discrimination | Multiculturalism | social psychology | Prejudice | conformity | Normative influence | schemata | Sexism | idiosyncrasy credits | Racism | obedience to authority | Schema | altruism | Reciprocity norm | bystander effect | Self-assessment | halo effect | Self-presentation | kin selection | Social influence | reciprocity norm | Flattery | empathy-altruism hypothesis | mere exposure | altruistic personality type | propinquity effect | 1. Write 1-2 sentences of definition/explanation opposite to each concept. 2. Write the appropriate scientists' names. 1. Kurt Lewin was a famous psychologist who is largely considered to be the father of social psychology, due to the fact that his studies paved the way for future psychologists to look at the relationship between a person's thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and the society around them. 2. Solomon Asch was a famous social psychologist whose study on conformity showed that people often conform to the group, even when they know the correct answer. 3. Albert Bandura is a famous social psychologist whose Bobo doll study illustrates the social learning theory of psychology. 4. Edwin Hollander made idiosyncrasy credit theory popular in 1958. 5. Serge Moscovici believed that...
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