...and the media, as “first generation Muslims struggle to balance strict, old world ways of their parents with a desire to fit into a more liberal society (Cohen).” Problems arise when people charged for murder plead for leniency on account that the killing was done to defend their family’s honour (Massinon). For many “honour killers,” the act of killing in defence of family honour allow for a “full or partial defence against criminal ruling” in their countries of origin (Cohen). If honour killing is indeed considered a moral and ethical behaviour in one’s culture, to the extent that such actions are supported by a country’s law, could such an action then be considered moral? Using the approaches of utilitarianism, deontology and virtue ethics, this paper attempts to determine the morality of honour killing and argues that the practice is immoral. The tradition of honour killing exists to deter the behaviour of adultery by women. In cultures that condone or encourage honour killing, when a woman is found adulterous, the families of both the woman and the husband feel a deep sense of anger and shame, and their suffering cannot be alleviated until family honour is restored...
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...The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy - http://www.iep.utm.edu Philosophy of Sexuality Among the many topics explored by the philosophy of sexuality are procreation, contraception, celibacy, marriage, adultery, casual sex, flirting, prostitution, homosexuality, masturbation, seduction, rape, sexual harassment, sadomasochism, pornography, bestiality, and pedophilia. What do all these things have in common? All are related in various ways to the vast domain of human sexuality. That is, they are related, on the one hand, to the human desires and activities that involve the search for and attainment of sexual pleasure or satisfaction and, on the other hand, to the human desires and activities that involve the creation of new human beings. For it is a natural feature of human beings that certain sorts of behaviors and certain bodily organs are and can be employed either for pleasure or for reproduction, or for both. The philosophy of sexuality explores these topics both conceptually and normatively. Conceptual analysis is carried out in the philosophy of sexuality in order to clarify the fundamental notions of sexual desire and sexual activity. Conceptual analysis is also carried out in attempting to arrive at satisfactory definitions of adultery, prostitution, rape, pornography, and so forth. Conceptual analysis (for example: what are the distinctive features of a desire that make it sexual desire instead of something else? In what ways does seduction differ from nonviolent rape...
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...Among the many topics explored by the philosophy of sexuality are procreation, contraception, celibacy, marriage, adultery, casual sex, flirting, prostitution, homosexuality, masturbation, seduction, rape, sexual harassment, sadomasochism, pornography, bestiality, and pedophilia. What do all these things have in common? All are related in various ways to the vast domain of human sexuality. That is, they are related, on the one hand, to the human desires and activities that involve the search for and attainment of sexual pleasure or satisfaction and, on the other hand, to the human desires and activities that involve the creation of new human beings. For it is a natural feature of human beings that certain sorts of behaviors and certain bodily organs are and can be employed either for pleasure or for reproduction, or for both. The philosophy of sexuality explores these topics both conceptually and normatively. Conceptual analysis is carried out in the philosophy of sexuality in order to clarify the fundamental notions of sexual desire and sexual activity. Conceptual analysis is also carried out in attempting to arrive at satisfactory definitions of adultery, prostitution, rape, pornography, and so forth. Conceptual analysis (for example: what are the distinctive features of a desire that make it sexual desire instead of something else? In what ways does seduction differ from nonviolent rape?) is often difficult and seemingly picky, but proves rewarding in unanticipated and surprising...
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... 2007). This paper will demonstrate Counseling Plan a woman who was referred by her gynecologist for counseling because she has never experienced an orgasm. It will include assessment of the dynamics of the couple’s relationship as well as issues regarding their sexual functioning, possible sexual dysfunction within the framework of the sexual response cycle, sexual normality as well as a evidence-based counseling interventions grounded through research and treatment plan with ethical considerations. . Table of Contents Abstract 2 Case Study: Michelle and Tom 5 Assessment of Sexual Issues 6 Biological Assessment of Sexuality 6 Cultural Assessment of Sexuality 6 Religious Assessment of Sexuality 7 Psychological Assessment of Sexuality 8 Assessment of Dynamics of the Relationship 8 Family and Couples 8 Diagnostic and Multi-Axial Impressions 9 Diagnostic 9 Multi-Axial 10 Integration of Disorder 11 Sexual Response Cycle Framework 11 Sexual Normality and Sexual Response Cycle 12 Sexual Disorder and Sexual Response Cycle 13 Psychosexual Development over the Lifespan 14 Psychosocial Contributions 15 Treatment Goals 15 Individual Goals 15 Couples’ Goals 16 Counseling Interventions 17 Initial Assessment 17 Counseling...
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...impressed me. So, I show my deepest sense of respect to them. My supervisor, I thank you for your guidance that brought me to the end of this work. Your politeness & cordial behavior added encouragement to my work. December, 2014 | Roll No:09203219Registration no: 3552Session: 2008-2009MSS, Department of Anthropology | ABSTRACT Being the main force conditioning human relationship, sex is essentially political. In any social context, the construction of a "sexual universe" is fundamentally linked to the structures of power. The construction of sexual meanings, is an instrument by which social institutions (religion, marketing, the educational system, psychiatry, etc.) control and shape human relationships. People define “sexuality” in different ways. Some people define it as sexually motivated behavior. But people all have their own...
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...consumers. Unfortunately, many of those impressions are made on America’s children. Advertisers and marketers do not just create ads to promote their products; they also set a standard of what is attractive to the society. The public perceives sexuality as attractive and gives the attributions of an attractive person to advertisements with sexual images (Vega). Using sexuality to sell products has many ramifications to the companies and to the consumers themselves. Many advertisers use sexuality in a subconscious manner which does not allow consumers to actively think about the affect of an ad on their thought process. There are many instances where advertisements use sex to sell and because of this the question of ethics arises and must be debated. The marketing technique of using sex to sell products ranges from alcohol, to perfume, to clothing and portrays the increasing controversy that is arising over this issue in society. Advertisements today are saturated with sexual images that affect every sex, race, and age group. Sex in advertisements affects the young because these ads teach them how to look and act sexy, which in the theory of the producer, will create positive reactions for the young people. The sexuality in advertisements may not exactly sell the product but it definitely grabs attention and forces the consumer to stop and look at the product closer. Much of the public has some sort of insecurity in their life....
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...the real sense of those ads and the ways the advertisers try to sell various products to us? There have been growing concerns about and critics toward the usage of women as a sexual object in marketing practices. However, firms are still using women as an instrument to attract consumers. This paper examines some business ethics theories to determine whether firms’ use of women as a marketing instrument is ethical or not. The deductions from the business ethics theories suggest that it is unethical to abuse women in marketing practices. In today’s business world, women are used as an object to attract consumers’ attention to the products that firms sell. They are exploited as a marketing instrument in a wide range of firms’ activities. Women appear as a sexual object in any kind of advertisement or as an attractive material standing nearby a product. Sometimes firms use sexual saleswomen to facilitate the sale or to attract consumers’ attention to the firm or product. Particularly, it is very common to use sexually attractive women in advertisements regardless of the product is related to sexuality. The use of sexual women images in advertisements is so widespread that such images are found in the advertisements for most product types from clothing, cosmetics, jewelries and furnitures. For over twenty years, Jean Kilbourne has been writing, lecturing, and making films about how advertising affects women...
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...I DO NOT GIVE PERMISSION TO USE THIS AS YOUR OWN. IT IS SIMPLY JUST A GUIDE. Sexuality Identity PSY/265 Sexuality Identity Before taking this course I lacked the knowledge of sexuality. I can say that I knew the basics but I really had no interests in the different types of sexuality and the specific details it entails. This class has taught me much more information that I have used throughout my life (I didn’t even know) and what I will use throughout the rest of my life. My value system and critical thinking to my sexual decision making before and after this course I can say have stayed the same in most areas. Although I believe myself to have more knowledge in certain areas my value systems of situational ethics and rationalism are the same. “Situational ethics is the decision making should be guided by genuine love for others and not for moral reason” (Rathus). Whereas rationalism is “the use of reason to determine course of action, decisions should be based off of intellect and reasoning, rather then the emotions of strict obedience and religion” (Rathus et al., 2005). I do believe that individuals should make a decision based off of fact, intellect, and genuine love for the other person. Having the sexual knowledge I believe will help many individuals to make informed decisions on sexual intercourse. It educates on sexual transmitted diseases (STD’s), HIV/AIDS, and pregnancy. The goal is to educate so individuals make smart decisions on sexual intercourse...
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...Assessment is the first stage of nursing process in which the nurse should carry out a complete and holistic nursing assessment of every patient’s needs, regardless of the reason for the encounter. Usually, an assessment framework, based on a nursing model is used. This assignment attempts to define the points of view of two different frameworks used to collect health assessment data, which are Majory Gordon’s Functional Health Pattern (1994) and The Roy Adaptation Model (2009). The next part would be mentioned about codes of professional, ethical and legal considerations. Finally, I would reflect myself regarding to how to collect and organise patient’s comprehensive health assessment data use these frameworks. The Functional Health Pattern assessment framework is particularly useful in collecting health data to formulate nursing diagnoses (Gordon, 1994, p. 69). Gordon has defined 11 functional health patterns that provide for a holistic client database (p.70). The first pattern is Health perception-health management pattern, is focused on the patient’s perceived level of health and well-being, and how to manage patient’s health. The next pattern is Nutritional –metabolic pattern. This assessment is focused on the pattern of food and fluid intake relative to metabolic need (pp. 80-82). The Elimination pattern is the third pattern. In this pattern, data collection is focused on excretory of the patient. Includes regularity and control of bowel and bladder habits...
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...ultimate authority for Christian ethics and discover how synonymous Biblical ethics are with the ethics of Christianity. This piece will also look at what it is about the Bible that recommends it as such a major authority of morality and ethical practice. The bible is seen as a ‘guidebook’ for a Christian, giving details on how they should live according to God’s law; however, questions negating the validity of this belief in God’s law often come to the forefront. The Bible permits the stoning to death of adulterers. Something which in contemporary society seems atrocious. A point to be aware of is the huge cultural difference between the bible and contemporary life. If we focus on the difference between the Old Testament and modern day life the cultural difference is one of the chief factors behind the difficulty of using the bible in ethics today. The bible is written in a culturally conditioned format. Language, racial attitudes and the different emphasis on aspects of life including holiness and purity, all count towards the invisible barrier when discussing how synonymous biblical ethics are with the ethics of Christianity. (Rodd, 1995, 89). An issue that arises more than often when discussing biblical and Christian ethics is sexuality. Different churches hold different values and take tradition, Scripture and experience at different levels of importance. Krody says this … “ A central concern in the religious debate on human sexuality is the issue of biblical authority...
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...Sex Ethics Essay Outline Thesis – Multiple outlooks have been taken on the ethics of pornography, and the means by which it may either negatively influence power in sexuality, or actually provide some sort of social value and worth. These different ethical perspectives display the flaws in the industry and what it represents; yet they also end up proving the fact that it can be modified with positive influence and that pornography is not something to be deemed utterly unethical. Intro – Power and sexuality are two topics that often tend to intersect, becoming a source for much controversy and ethical debate surrounding the issues that they may bring up. Although the interaction of power and sexuality has been a popular topic of interest historically, a more modern focused issue has been brought up on the topic of pornography. Paragraph 1 – Catharine MacKinnon looks at the issues of sex and power in pornography in her paper called Not a Moral Issue, where she sees no value in what it represents, deeming it as “central to the institutionalization of male dominance” (MacKinnon, 303). She believes pornography to be a misinterpretation of our sexual reality, which mirrors, creates, and reinforces negative connotations in real life. From her point of view, pornography is built solely on gender equality and power and “is a form of forced sex, a practice of sexual politics and an institution of gender inequality” (MacKinnon, 304). Her main issue is in how pornography emphasizes the...
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...Theology of Sexuality Liberty University Abstract It sells in advertising, it one of the major draws in movies and TV dramas, it is characterized in almost every sense of living in today’s society; the it that is mostly third party spoken of is sex and sexuality. In the Christian faith, the issue of sex and sexuality is normally an abrupt address with little understanding but with many standards of do’s and don’ts. The Bible is not really discreet in the explanation of sex and sexuality as the spokespeople that speak on this subject. Sex is a topic that really matters in this society. It defines the young generation in their dress, it drives the middle age in their outlook, and it now has the elderly generation seeking medical advances to keep it going longer. How can there be an avoidance of such a topic. This paper seeks to explore the theology of sexuality by using support by biblical and theological hermeneutics, as well as ethical or normative stances on the major role that sex and sexuality play in both the person as an individual and in the institution of marriage. Keywords: sex, sexuality, theology, Bible Theology of Sexuality One of the most private and intimate encounters in our society is sex and the display of its affection and passion. When sex or sexuality is spoken of it is normally done within the confines of the two people that are planning to engage or a group of people who have assembled with knowledge of the content of the subject that will...
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...Pornography & Its Ethical Issues SOC 120 Introduction to Ethics & Social Responsibility February 3, 2014 Many argue that pornography is degrading, and believed that it denigrates women and in some cases even men. Feminists argue that it’s harmful to society promoting rape, violence, and sex discrimination. Pornography is often seen by others as an erotic art that has been around for thousands of years. Technology today makes access to pornography very easy by video, text, and the internet. Pornography raises many moral questions, but mainly, are pornographic materials morally offensive or not? The ethical issues pertaining to pornography are abundant, considering protecting personal privacy, computer crimes, materialism and cultural expansionism. Anti-pornographic believe that it’s immoral and that pornography should be censor. Pro-pornographic, believe to be education and inspirational, and argue that by taking away the constitutional rights are begging violated. Even though there are many different opinions about pornography, does not seem to be an accurate definition. Some argue that porn is violent, portrays unequal power in sexual relations and showing that many of its acts are judged as immoral. What does pornography mean in the dictionary? Pornography stems from the Greek word porno, meaning prostitutes and the word graphos meaning writing. Pornography is defined to include the definition of actual sexual contact, meaning hard core, and portrayal...
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...will abstain from sexual relationships with other people. Because of this promise both spouses have the expectation that the other will behave in conformity with it. Thus, when one of the parties has sexual intercourse with a third person he or she breaks that promise about sexual relationships which was made when the marriage was entered into, and defeats the expectations of exclusivity by the spouse. The breaking of this promise leads to the intentional infliction of substantial pain by one spouse to another. The immorality of such things as breaking a promise and deceiving someone and the action of adultery is, in a strong sense of prima facie, wrong or unjustified. According to Raja Halwani, in his book titled Sex and Ethics: Essays on sexuality, virtue and the good life, the unique wrongness of adultery results from adultery being an assault on a person’s self-conception and self-worth as a human being emotionally, sexually and erotically. It is rational to want to sustain one’s love on the basis of how it was formed, namely, through sexual intimacy and exclusivity. Adultery is wrong because the pain it causes is both understandable and rational to feel. (Halwani, Raja (Ed.); pp. 190-201). Another argument against adultery is the connection between adultery and deception. Because deception is always unethical, so is adultery. Extramarital sex will...
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...I was going over some writing from when I was taking a course in Ethics while attending Bible College, and I thought the information would be good discussion material. I do not recall the source material. If anyone recognizes any of this, please let me know, so I can attribute it appropriately. I wanted to discuss the ethics involved in sexual morality, specifically adultery and fornication. The issue is whether it is morally right to engage in sexual relations outside of marriage. This entails both adultery, which is sex between a married person with someone other than one’s spouse, and fornication, which is sex between unmarried people. There is one position that holds that sex outside of marriage is not a good thing, while there are two views that consider fornication to be morally right, the natural impulse view and the affection view. The basis for the natural impulse view on sexual morality is that sex, which as a impulse or instinct and completely natural, should be enjoyed to obtain the greatest happiness. Contraceptives remove the concern of unwanted pregnancy or sexual disease. Sex should be considered a pleasurable physical activity, with no moral guilt attached to it, as long as both partners voluntarily engage in it without the involvement of harm or deceit. There is no need to restrict sexual fulfillment to a single partner nor is there a requirement that sex be accompanied by love. There are four arguments for this position: 1. Sex is an impulse...
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