...Tranfer Pricing and Agency Theory Performance management: It is composed by objectives, that are achieved through programs, that are supported by technologies. There are different to objectives to achieve in single departments and areas: 1. Cost reduction 2. Quality improvement 3. Capacity improvement Since there are a lot of objectives, we say that performance management is discursive. To manage the achievement of meeting these obj there are different programs: 1. Lean production (for cost reduction) 2. Total Quality Management, Manufacturing Excellence (for quality improvement) 3. Demand Chain Planning (capacity improvement) Since all the objectives can be reached with different programs, we say that performance management is programmatic. Management technologies = managing accounting techniques. There are different costing systems/technologies implemented to support the programs: 1. Target costing, Activity Based Costing, Kaizen Costing 2. 6sigma 3. S&OP Process We thus say that performance management is also technological. Accounting numbers foster control at a distance. Everything becomes a number in the accounting report: we reduce the complexity of a real world in a 3D form into some 2D accounting reports. These 2D reports lead to “amplification”, caused by the fact that: * reports are mobile/transportable * reports are combinable between each other in order to provide a more complete picture of the reality * numbers make everything manageable. How...
Words: 2784 - Pages: 12
...2011 CORPORATE TAXATION IN BANGLADESH FISCAL ENVIRONMENT OF STOCK MARKET IN BANGLADESH FISCAL ENVIRONMENT OF STOCK MARKET IN BANGLADESH The share market in a country is the engine of raising capital, which accelerates industrialization and the process of privatization. Share market means the share and stock markets of the country. It is a market for long term fund. With the emergence of the need for infrastructural development projects, for setting up of new industries for entrepreneurial attempts-now there are more frequent needs of funds. Participants in the share market are many. They include the commercial banks, saving and loan associations, credit unions, mutual saving banks, finance houses, finance companies, merchant bankers, discount houses, venture capital companies, leasing companies, investment banks & companies, investment clubs, pension funds, stock exchanges, security companies, underwriters, portfolio-managers, and insurance companies. The main market participants are: ▪ Investors ▪ Brokers ▪ Dealers ▪ Underwriter ▪ Investment Banks ▪ Merchant Banks Structure of the Share Market in Bangladesh Bangladesh capital market is one of the smallest in Asia but within the south Asian region. It is the third largest one. It has two full full-fledged Automated Stock Exchanges: Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE), Chittagong Stock...
Words: 5585 - Pages: 23
...Privatization*of*Port* *Development*and*Operation*and*its* Advantage* Group&'2& Anurag&Parashar&–&56& & Current&Scenario& & ! Having&a&coastline&of&more&than&7,&517&km&of&length,&Indian& port§or&encompasses&of&over&200&ports.&& ! There&are&13&major&and&about&200&non'major&ports&in&the& country.& ! &A&rising&need&for&robust&port&infrastructure,&strong&growth& potential.& & ! favorable&investment&climate,&and&sops&provided&by&State& Governments&provide&private&players&immense& opportunities&to&venture&into&the§or. & & && Type&of&Port& Public& Sector& corporate& Government& Managed& Private&Port& Ports& Ports 2013 MARCH There are two basic categories of ports in India Classification& & Ports in India Major Non-Major (minor) • There are 13 major ports in the country; 6 • India has about 200 non-major ports of on the eastern coast and 7 on the western coast • Major ports are under the jurisdiction of which one-third are operational • Non-major ports come under the the Government of India and are governed by the Major Port Trusts Act 1963, except Ennore port, which is administered under the Companies Act 1956 jurisdiction of the respective state governments’ maritime boards (GMB) For updated information, please visit www.ibef.org MARKET OVERVIEW AND TRENDS 5 orts 2013 MARCH Port&Map& jor ports in India Kandla Kolkata Mumbai JNPT Mormugao Ennore New Mangalore Cochin Chennai Tuticorn ...
Words: 1787 - Pages: 8
...Investment Agreement: Investment Agreement This Agreement to be called the Investment Agreement is made this the ................................... day of .................., 200 , Between the Bank/FI (precise name to be inserted here) established under the ................ Order/Act, (P.O./Act No. of .........................)/registered under the Companies Act, 1994 (Act No 18 of 1994) / the Companies Act, 1913 (VII of 1913), hereinafter referred to as the Bank/FI (which expression shall unless excluded by or contrary or repugnant to the context be deemed to include its successor or successors and assigns), having its Head Office at Dhaka/Rajshahi, on the One Part, And M/s..................................... Ltd., a private limited company, registered under the Companies Act, 1994 (Act No............of 1994), hereinafter referred to as the Company (which expression shall unless excluded by or contrary or repugnant to the context be deemed to include its successor or successors and assigns), having its Head/registered office at Dhaka / ........ ... ........, on the Other Part. Whereas A. Pursuant to the Co-operation Agreement of ................., 200 , entered into between the Bangladesh Bank [hereinafter referred to as “Bangladesh Bank (EEF Unit)”] and the Bank/DFI/FI and pursuant to the EEF circulars issued from time to time for administration of the Equity and Entrepreneurship Fund (hereinafter referred to as “the EEF”), the Bank/DFI/FI has agreed to extend equity-support...
Words: 1746 - Pages: 7
...of Indian capital markets spans back 200 years, around the end of the 18th century. It was at this time that India was under the rule of the East India Company. The capital market of India initially developed around Mumbai; with around 200 to 250 securities brokers participating in active trade during the second half of the 19th century. The journey of Indian financial markets has been of many shades over the last decade. We have seen a lot of progress, but also significant pauses. Many twists and as many turns. Awe inspiring growth punctuated by its gasping lack of inclusiveness. Presumably, these are the teenage pangs of a free economy which is jostling for its rightful place in the Globe. The fastest free market economy is now face to face with the challenges and opportunities to opt for either slow and steady or fast and furious growth, in the next decade. Financial market You are fully aware that business units have to raise short-term as well as long-term funds to meet their working and fixed capital requirements from time to time. This necessitates not only the ready availability of such funds but also a transmission mechanism with the help of which the providers of funds (investors/ lenders) can interact with the borrowers/users (business units) and transfer the funds to them as and when required. This aspect is taken care of by the financial markets which provide a place where or a system through which, the transfer of funds by investors/lenders to the...
Words: 2535 - Pages: 11
...answered Section B Do not open this paper until instructed by the supervisor This question paper must not be removed from the examination hall Kaplan Publishing/Kaplan Financial KAPLAN PUBLISHING Page 1 of 9 ACCA P5 Advanced Performance Management © Kaplan Financial Limited, 2008 All rights reserved. No part of this examination may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without prior permission from Kaplan Publishing. Page 2 of 9 KAPLAN PUBLISHING Final Assessment SECTION A BOTH questions are compulsory and MUST be answered QUESTION 1 John Wizard has recently won a contract to act as a financial consultant to Sportstown, a publicly owned organisation that provides a range of community services to its inhabitants. Wizard’s first brief is to prepare a report on the ‘Operating Efficiency and Financial Performance’ of the leisure centre that is owned and managed by the public body. The governing body of Sportstown has become increasingly concerned by the growing financial subsidy that it has to provide to its leisure centre. Sportstown originally owned and operated two identical leisure centres, but sold one of them in 20X0 to a private leisure company, Totaleisure, who continue to manage a successful leisure business. Totaleisure have kindly provided Wizard with recent operating and financial data to permit a comparative...
Words: 7386 - Pages: 30
...mobility of funds in various financial markets. It has also led to efficient and low-cost transactions related to securities. This can be seen in the Indian financial sector reforms also, which started in the early 1990s. Dematerialization of financial securities is the first sign of financial reforms in India. Finance Ministry and SEBI realized the need of more efficient financial system. As a result of this NSDL and CDSL came into picture. It aims at ensuring the safety and soundness of Indian marketplaces by developing settlement solutions that increase efficiency, minimize risk and reduce costs. Our project on “Demat System in India” gave us a detailed picture of how securities are transferred electronically in the share market. In our project we had done a comparative study of the various Depository Participants in Ahmedabad on the basis of their services and charges. This study helped us in finding out what additional services other DPs provide and how the charges differ. Another aspect of our project was to get a feedback from the clients regarding the Demat services provided at Anagram Securities Ltd. By meeting the various clients we were able to find out the scope of improvement in the services provided at Anagram. It becomes increasingly important for students of management to understand the developments in the financial infrastructure that facilitates the whole financial system. We were fortunate enough to get an opportunity to...
Words: 16654 - Pages: 67
...issuance of securities. This commission act as a Central Regulatory Agency that guides the entire capital markets. Thus a lot of policies and regulations were framed by the Government through the commission to protect and enhance the securities markets helping channelize savings of different investment opportunities. But now-a-days the dual authority of Bangladesh Bank and Securities and Exchange Commission could jeopardize the development and functions of Merchant Banking policy. There are mainly two players in our country who regulate, make rules, acts, in the security markets. These are the Government and Security and Exchange Commission of Bangladesh (SEC). Beside this the two markets Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) and Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE) are also enable to make rules, regulations regarding their market affairs. Government Regulation: The government has enacted varieties of laws applicable to the securities markets. These laws were the result of certain abuses that took place during the last decade. The collapse of the stock market of Bangladesh in 1996 provides an impetus for the regulation of securities trading. Securities markets regulating authority of Bangladesh along with the investors recognize that the regulation of securities markets is necessary in order to restore the confidence of the investors in the markets and ensure a continuous flow of capital in business. The basic laws under which the transfer of stocks and bonds are being regulated...
Words: 6056 - Pages: 25
...Taxation Self Assessment Tool 1. In 1987, Richard purchased a home in Hamilton for $135,000. After paying down the mortgage and accumulating some savings, he purchased a cottage in the Muskoka area in 1998 for $200,000. It is now early 2013 and Richard is looking to sell his home in Hamilton and move to Vancouver later this year. The Hamilton home and the Muskoka area cottage were recently appraised at $470,000 and $450,000, respectively. Richard has never been married and he spends a few weeks each year at the cottage (and will continue to do so after he moves to Vancouver). In making the optimal use of his principal residence exemption, which of the following amounts is closest to the taxable capital gain he will recognize in 2013? a. b. c. d. $0 $93,000 $97,000 $99,000 Solution: The correct response is b. Hamilton home has been owned for 27 taxation years (including both 1987 and 2013). Muskoka area cottage has been owned for 16 taxation years (including both 1998 and 2013). Average annual gain for Hamilton home = ($470,000 - $135,000) / 27 years = $12,407 Average annual gain for Muskoka area cottage = ($450,000 - $200,000) / 16 years = $15,625 The optimal solution would be to allocate as much of the principal residence exemption as possible to the property with the highest average annual gain. Therefore, allocate the principal residence exemption to the Hamilton home for all the years from 1987 to 1997, inclusive (11 years) and to the...
Words: 15408 - Pages: 62
...stock exchange because it includes all the national stock exchanges of the country. For example, we use the term, "the stock market was up today" or "the stock market bubble." b) Stock Exchanges: Stock Exchanges are an organized marketplace, either corporation or mutual organization, where members of the organization gather to trade company stocks or other securities. The members may act either as agents for their customers, or as principals for their own accounts. Stock exchanges also facilitates for the issue and redemption of securities and other financial instruments including the payment of income and dividends. The record keeping is central but trade is linked to such physical place because modern markets are computerized. The trade on an exchange is only by members and stock broker do have a seat on the exchange. 2.2 History of Indian Stock Market: Indian stock market marks to be one of the oldest stock market in Asia. It dates back to the close of 18th century when the East India Company used to transact loan securities. In the 1830s, trading on corporate stocks and shares in Bank and Cotton presses took place in Bombay. 12 Though the trading was broad but the brokers were hardly half dozen during 1840 and 1850. An informal group of 22 stockbrokers began trading under a banyan tree opposite the Town Hall of Bombay from the mid-1850s, each investing a (then) princely amount of Rupee 1. This banyan tree still stands in the Horniman Circle Park, ...
Words: 11611 - Pages: 47
...pivotal rate in the economic development of under developed developing and least developed countries like Bangladesh. It contributes to the development of economy through the development of business and industries. It can perform well to meet financial needs of business enterprises on a continuous basis. Stock market in considered to be parameter of the economy. It is mechanism to flow fund from the hands of small savers (Individual and Institution) at low costs of those entrepreneurs who do need fund to start business an to expend capacity of existing business as to add new line of business. In other words, this capital market mechanism gives a part ownership of by companies to small savers scheme to share ownership of economic development with general public. Stock refers to shares bands. Debentures, mutual funds, derivates and future and option. Market refers to the way of exchanging assets usually cash for smoothing of value. So, we can say in a word, stock market in a market for trading products of stock market. Stock exchange is an independent company formed by shareholders members. It can take various decision independently the objectives of stock exchanges are to protect the interests of the investors and promote just and equitable principles of trade. The Chittagong Stock Exchange has been established in 1995 as a model of International Standard. Considering the import role of Chittagong Stock Exchange in the development of capital market in Bangladesh, my attempt has...
Words: 12609 - Pages: 51
...stock exchange because it includes all the national stock exchanges of the country. For example, we use the term, "the stock market was up today" or "the stock market bubble." b) Stock Exchanges: Stock Exchanges are an organized marketplace, either corporation or mutual organization, where members of the organization gather to trade company stocks or other securities. The members may act either as agents for their customers, or as principals for their own accounts. Stock exchanges also facilitates for the issue and redemption of securities and other financial instruments including the payment of income and dividends. The record keeping is central but trade is linked to such physical place because modern markets are computerized. The trade on an exchange is only by members and stock broker do have a seat on the exchange. 2.2 History of Indian Stock Market: Indian stock market marks to be one of the oldest stock market in Asia. It dates back to the close of 18th century when the East India Company used to transact loan securities. In the 1830s, trading on corporate stocks and shares in Bank and Cotton presses took place in Bombay. 12 Though the trading was broad but the brokers were hardly half dozen during 1840 and 1850. An informal group of 22 stockbrokers began trading under a banyan tree opposite the Town Hall of Bombay from the mid-1850s, each investing a (then) princely amount of Rupee 1. This banyan tree still stands in the Horniman Circle Park, ...
Words: 11611 - Pages: 47
...South Africa © 2011 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington, DC 20433 Telephone 202-473-1000 Internet www.worldbank.org All rights reserved. 1 2 3 4 08 07 06 05 A copublication of The World Bank and the International Finance Corporation. This volume is a product of the staff of the World Bank Group. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. Rights and Permissions The material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions of the work promptly. For permission to photocopy or reprint any part of this work, please send a request with complete information to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA; telephone 978-750-8400; fax 978-750-4470; Internet www.copyright.com. All other queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to the Office of the Publisher,The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax 202-522-2422; e-mail pubrights@worldbank.org. Additional copies of Doing Business...
Words: 9418 - Pages: 38
...1. (10 pts.) Explain the distinction between direct and indirect finance. Explanation: Direct finance is a method of financing in which borrowers (spenders) and lenders (savers) meet directly and exchange funds without a third party involvement. A very good illustration of direct financing is individual lending money to his friends who would repay the individual later with or without an interest rate. There is no other party involved in this fund transfer. Debts markets, securities traded on stock exchanges are examples of direct financing. Indirect finance is a method of financing in which financial intermediaries such as banks, insurance companies are involved in the funds transfer between borrower and lender. In indirect financing, a lender deposits money with a financial intermediary which in turn loans out that money to a borrower. A very good example of indirect financing is Mutual Funds. The main distinction between direct and indirect finance is the involvement of a financial intermediary. Direct financing requires lenders and borrowers to find each other on their own whereas indirect financing establishes the relationship between lender and borrower via a middle man called ‘Financial Intermediary’. The time and money spent in carrying out financial transactions (Transaction costs) is one of the burdens faced by people. Indirect financing helps in eliminating this burden by channeling funds between spenders and savers. Financial intermediaries...
Words: 1953 - Pages: 8
...The coursework scenario is based on company law. Therefore the first concept to look at is the definition of company law, which is mainly dealt with Companies Act 2006. The definition for this is that a company law is a legislation under which the formation, registration, supervision and closure of a firm is managed and controlled. As company law is understood, the scenario involved in the coursework will be resolved. This will be done by first discussing if Barack Brown can be removed as a director and if so how this can be achieved. Then it will be explained how Ben and Geri can be made directors. As well as that, it will be made clear how the name of the company will be changed. How the shares will be issued will also be discussed in great detail and how Geri cannot be removed as a director without her consent. These proposals will be achieved by great reference to many resources and by quoting case laws relevant and referring to provisions of company legislation. A company is defined as group of people who contribute money to a common stock and who employ this in a business. They also share the profit arising as well as loss. There are three common types of businesses in Scotland and they are the sole trader, limited liability company and the partnership. A company has a separate legal personality. This means that even though the shareholders are the owners of the company they do not own any business operations but the company. Shareholders have also no responsibility...
Words: 2136 - Pages: 9