...technologies that first made this possible have evolved in amazing ways. Of the many that enabled the success of maritime travel, the most influential include advancements in hull design, propulsion, and navigation technology. From the earliest attempts at crossing large bodies of water, the first major obstacle has been the design and construction of a vessel which is capable of doing so. Shipbuilding is the combination of structural components that together make a fully capable vessel. The major component of enabling a boat to float on water is the hull. The hull of a ship or boat is often considered analogous to the foundation of a building. It is a well-known fact that the strength of any structure is only as good as its foundation and the same is true of the hull of a boat. As stated in Design of Ship Hull Structures, “The most important duty of the hull structure design is to supply a strong enough hull structure against the internal and external loads” (Okumoto, 2009, p. v). There are many different types of hull designs, each of which is engineered specifically for the type of work the vessel is intended to do. Major aspects of the design include shape...
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...MODULE ONE Economic Geography of Maritime Transport Dr. Stavros Tsolakis Lloyd's and the Lloyd's crest are the registered trademarks of the society incorporated by the Lloyd's Act 1871 by the name of Lloyd's. CONTENTS WELCOME TO THE COURSE ........................................................................................................ 3 STRUCTURE OF THE COURSE ...................................................................................................... 4 INTRODUCTION TO MODULE 1 ................................................................................................... 7 1. ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE SHIPPING INDUSTRY ........................................................... 8 1.1 The Function of Shipping .................................................................................................. 8 1.2 The Structure of World Seaborne Trade and the Demand for Shipping Services....................... 8 1.3 The Ton-Mile as a Measurement of Demand for Shipping Services ....................................... 12 2. ANALYSIS OF GLOBAL COMMODITIES ON-BOARD SHIPS .................................................. 14 2.1 Crude Oil Seaborne Trade .............................................................................................. 14 2.2 Other Challenges for Crude oil Transportation ................................................................... 16 2.3 Iron Ore Seaborne Trade ............
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...craftsmanship in boat building over many centuries and transferred this artistic skill to subsequent generations across different cluster of population. Historical records say that Chittagong port was the best centre of building ocean-going vessels in the middle of the 15th century. Even in the 17th century, the entire fleet of ships of the Sultan of Turkey was built at Chittagong. Also in 1805, the British Navy built ships at Chittagong for the famous battle of Trafalgar. However, with the passage of time, the glory of shipbuilding in this region began to fade. Shipbuilding revived again when a number of local entrepreneurs of Bangladesh brought name and fame for the country by developing potential in shipbuilding by handing over some ocean-going vessels to overseas buyers from Denmark, Finland and Mozambique. Bangladeshi shipbuilders have also handed over few ice-class vessels to a German company and more vessels are going to be delivered by the next few years. Thus shipbuilding in Bangladesh is marching forward in a way to securing a firm position in the world market and at the same time, the country is returning slowly to its past tradition of building ships for foreign countries. Some leading local shipyards like Ananda and Western Marine are now engaged in building over 40 small to medium category vessels worth about $0.6 billion, mainly for European buyers. Bangladesh is blessed with 9,000 sq km of territorial waters, 720-km long coastline and 200,000 sq km...
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...deliverables for this assignment- a) An excel file with the necessary computations. b) A word doc with the corresponding explanations. (For the question involving macro, a separate file could be submitted. However, a single excel file is preferred). 2. Solve each question in a separate sheet in one excel file. 3. You’re required to state all your assumptions in the first sheet of the excel file. These assumptions should be written for all the sub-parts separately, however in the same sheet, wherever applicable. 4. Maintain uniformity in structure and formatting. The assignment would be penalized for lack of hygiene. 5. Name all your sheets appropriately. 6. Naming Convention for the file Name_Roll_No_Section.doc/.xls. Example- Hermione_Granger_91023_G.xls Assignment- i) Use column V to create a new character variable of length 10- ABCDEFGHIJ where AB=Region, CD=Province, E=Product Category, FG=Customer Segment, H=Ship Mode, I=Order Priority, J=Product Container. (You’re free to use your own nomenclature. Specify the same in the assumptions sheet. Eg- Use initial 1(or 2) characters of the corresponding variable.) ii) Summarize the data using a pivot table by region and province. Subsequently, find the province with highest profit per shipment and highest profit per Unit. iii) Create a pivot table where you provide a summary of sales, cost and profit statistics. How will you summarize? State the variables used as row labels, column labels and filters...
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...Proceedings of MARTEC 2010 The International Conference on Marine Technology 11-12 December 2010, BUET, Dhaka, Bangladesh STUDY ON SOME COMPETITIVE PARAMETERS FOR SHIPBUILDING INDUSTRY IN BANGLADESH N. M. Golam Zakaria, M.M. Rahaman and Kh. Akhter Hossain Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh gzakaria@name.buet.ac.bd ABSTRACT Despite Bangladesh has glorious history & heritage as a shipbuilding nation since ancient time, shipbuilding has been in focus only from the last couple of years. The optimism about this industry arose from the success attained by a number of local entrepreneurs who brought the name and fame to Bangladesh as a country with great potentials in shipbuilding by building and handing over some ocean-going vessels to overseas buyers. Since then, the shipbuilding in Bangladesh did not have to look back and now new opportunities are knocking at the door to flourish this industry further. However, due to global nature of this industry, an assessment of suitability to modern shipbuilding in terms of global standard is of prime importance. This paper focuses on studying some crucial competitive factors like labour skill, labour availability, labour man-hour, labour cost & productivity for local shipbuilding which are the inherent part for expansion of this industry. The analysis also focuses on the existing access to the resources like materials, knowledge and capital for shipbuilding...
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...Assignments of Port Economics Topic Freight rates have remained low and volatile in the various market segments (container, liquid and dry bulk). What influences freight rates? How has this influenced the demand for port services and the setting of port charges and tariffs? Huda Mohammad Nazmul Student ID: 1120130936 Major: Master’s of Business Management Dalian Maritime University Dalian, China Abstract After the economic crisis in 2007-2008 fiscal years the freight market remained volatile and freight rate remained low in various market segments. The purpose of the study to determine the factors those influence the freight rate and how those influence the demand of port services and setting charges for the port. The depression in market segments affects the supply and demand of the freight of the shipping lines which also has an effect on the demand of port services and setting of port charges and tariffs. The research paper shows the factors that influence the freight rate as well as the influence on the port services and setting charges and tariffs which lead to a change in port operation, reform and regulation. To illustrate the relation among them international trade theory and other historical data has been considered as the evaluations of the paper. In the discussion of different market segments new demands for the port operation and setting charges has been illustrated. Fundamental concepts...
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...Best Management Practices for Protection against Somalia Based Piracy InterManager WORLD SHIPPING COUNCIL PARTNERS IN TRADE BMP4 Best Management Practices for Protection against Somalia Based Piracy (Version 4 – August 2011) Suggested Planning and Operational Practices for Ship Operators, and Masters of Ships Transiting the High Risk Area i Printed August 2011 ISBN: 978 1 85609 505 1 Terms of Use The advice and information given in this booklet (“Booklet”) is intended purely as guidance to be used at the user’s own risk. No warranties or representations are given nor is any duty of care or responsibility accepted by the Authors, their membership or employees of any person, firm, corporation or organisation (who or which has been in any way concerned with the furnishing of information or data, the compilation or any translation, publishing, supply of the Booklet) for the accuracy of any information or advice given in the Booklet or any omission from the Booklet or for any consequence whatsoever resulting directly or indirectly from compliance with, adoption of or reliance on guidance contained in the Booklet even if caused by a failure to exercise reasonable care on the part of any of the aforementioned parties. W IT H E RB Y A B LI SHI R NG G Published in 2011 by Witherby Publishing Group Ltd 4 Dunlop Square Livingston, Edinburgh, EH54 8SB Scotland, UK Tel No: +44 (0) 1506 463 227 Fax No: +44 (0) 1506 468 999 Email: info@emailws...
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...Flags of convenience have long been the go to tool for those looking to operate shipping outside the law. A flag of convenience is when a company for example based in the United States, establishes a tiny office in another state, Mongolia, the largest landlocked country in the world, for example, and uses that office to register their ships in that country thereby allowing them to fly that countries flag. Under international maritime law, your vessel is subject to the laws of the nation it is registered in. States like the United States have strict laws governing vessels flying their flag of course in ranging from safety standards, to environmental standards, and all applicable laws of the host nation so anything illegal in the US would be illegal on a US ship even in international waters. A landlocked country like Mongolia, has little concern about maritime affairs and as such has very minimal if any legislation on such, and even less interest in enforcing it, but as a recognized...
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...craftsmanship in boat building over many centuries and transferred this artistic skill to subsequent generations across different cluster of population. Historical records say that Chittagong port was the best centre of building ocean-going vessels in the middle of the 15th century. Even in the 17th century, the entire fleet of ships of the Sultan of Turkey was built at Chittagong. Also in 1805, the British Navy built ships at Chittagong for the famous battle of Trafalgar. However, with the passage of time, the glory of shipbuilding in this region began to fade. Shipbuilding revived again when a number of local entrepreneurs of Bangladesh brought name and fame for the country by developing potential in shipbuilding by handing over some ocean-going vessels to overseas buyers from Denmark, Finland and Mozambique. Bangladeshi shipbuilders have also handed over few ice-class vessels to a German company and more vessels are going to be delivered by the next few years. Thus shipbuilding in Bangladesh is marching forward in a way to securing a firm position in the world market and at the same time, the country is returning slowly to its past tradition of building ships for foreign countries. Some leading local shipyards like Ananda and Western Marine are now engaged in building over 40 small to medium category vessels worth about $0.6 billion, mainly for European buyers. Bangladesh is blessed with 9,000 sq km of territorial waters, 720-km long coastline and 200,000 sq km of Exclusive Economic...
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...emissions. The International Maritime Organisation (IMO) predicts a 250 percent rise in emission levels as a result of expanding sea transport, if suitable energy efficiency policies are not implemented. Yet legislation has in many respects by-passed the shipping sector as reflected by its exclusion from international agreements such as the Kyoto protocol. Even though shipping is recognised as the cleanest form of transporting goods, with the least damage per tonne of cargo, ship exhaust emissions are regarded as the industry's biggest polluter. So although the marine industry has consistently resisted taking any significant measures to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions, it now looks like it will finally bow to pressure, as many governments now want to include shipping in future agreements. As such IMO is implementing, by 2015, new sulphur emission targets for marine fuel oil. IMO has also demonstrated a potential to reduce CO2 emissions by 25 to 75 percent for newbuilds, as well as for ships already operational, simply through an increased focus on energy efficiency. Improved fuel use An...
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...Break Bulk Cargo Cargo that is too big or too heavy to be loaded onto a flat rack container can be loaded directly onto the vessel. These are known as Break Bulk Cargoes. On Deck Stowage Cargo such as ships that are too large to be loaded into the hold and are not damaged by water can be directly loaded on deck. On rare occasions, cargo can be stowed directly atop the hatch covers. Under Deck Stowage Usually empty flat rack containers are stacked in the second or third tier from the top side-by-side in the hold and cargo is loaded on top of these. One of NYK's many strong points is the long years of experience which has built up in the safe stowage of cargo such as in dispersing loads and securing. The size of holds depends on the vessel. Just as an example, when 40 foot flat rack containers are lined up in groups of four it is possible to make effective use of a 40' x 32' space. Heavy cargo that exceeds the weight restriction on gantry cranes is handled by floating cranes. Since direct loading and direct delivery are the rule in such cases, loading and unloading are coordinated with the vessel's cargo handling schedule. Therefore it is necessary to fully coordinate matters with all concerned beforehand. In shipping the term Break bulk derives from the phrase breaking bulk Break bulk products are mainly steel, lumber and wood. Before containers, goods were shipped in individual boxes, barrels, bales, bags, crates and many other methods of enclosing...
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...Crosscuve of stability process Scantling When a new ship is designed, one of the primary steps involved in the development of the concept, is designing its General Arrangement and allocating proper spaces according to the requirements of the owner and functionality of the ship. It is up to the naval architect to decide on the ship’s general arrangement, depending on many design constraints that are mentioned in the technical specifications of the contract. Since almost all ships have something unique in their general arrangement, there is no specific procedure with rules stated for the same. But in spite of that, a naval architect needs to know the basic procedure to follow in order to come down to an optimum design. In this article, we shall discuss a general procedure that is followed in the ship designing industry. The General Arrangement, or GA as it is commonly called, is a drawing created by a naval architect. The purpose of this drawing is for space allocation, to ensure that everything that an owner wants in a vessel will actually fit. The GA consists of (at a minimum) a plan view of each major deck of the vessel, shows all of the watertight and structural bulkheads, as well as joiner bulkheads. All of the furniture is typically shown or in early stages the furniture and large items to be on the vessel are roughly blocked in. Passageways, stairwells and all equipment vital to the ships operation are shown. The ship spaces Some considerations for arrangement drawings...
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...I. INTRODUCTION. At the top of the corporate structure will be a Board of Directors headed by a chairman or President and a Managing Director. It is their task to determine the overall policy of the business and future direction that the company will take. Policy areas which will be decided the by top management might include. The philosophy of the company’s logistics strategy. The routes that the company will serve. The type and size of vessels used. Fleet replacement policy (owning and chartering). Flag policy. Membership of alliances and conferences. In house ship management or contracted out. Marketing and pricing strategies, in house or independent agency. Financial performance. Having established the policy the board will delegate the management of these functions to various operating departments. An agent is a person who acts for or behave of another in such manner that the principle is legally liable for all acts under agency. An agent function is to bring his principle into contractual relationship with third parties. Under the English law an agency relationship arise when one person, who is called the agent is authorized or considered by law as authorized to represent another person called the Principal in such a way to be able to affect the principal’s legal position. This is the general principle of any agency agreement. However, this situation can be extended by agreement and terms of the appointment can sometimes give the agent rights of lien also...
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...unfortunately rendering their individual efforts very subpar and below average of their true potential. While understanding why and what part we play would be an invaluable piece of information to have, the unknown of operating in our respective environment is another huge factor facing junior FS personnel. 90% or more of the FS “A” School student population enter training directly from boot camp. Many get caught up in the mass production, amazing equipment and high profile nature of TRACEN Petaluma and have no realistic idea of what’s to come upon graduation. While some may head to stations or other land based units, the majority are cutter bound. And while cutter life is unique unto itself with no realistic way to prepare any rate for ship board life, FS’s face and even greater learning curve. Inherently dangerous galley conditions coupled with being a service based rate, criticized and judged multiple times a day, improper personnel preparation of not only the physical, but mental and emotional trials as well have broken many junior FSs. On one hand frontloading members with real life conditions may make for a weary transition and unwilling participants, at least they will know what to expect instead of learning trial by fire and starting each day with an attitude of “this isn’t what I signed up for”. And finally support and understanding from above would go a long way in ensuring our people don’t feel alone or left out. All too often, especially in independent duty situations...
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...2014 Young Freight Forwarder of the Year Award Competition Multimodal Transport Operations in Practice: Radioactives and Abnormals From and to South Africa Submitted 29th April 2014 | Page | 1 TABLE OF CONTENT 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................................................................. 4 2 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................................ 5 3 INTERNATIONAL TRADE CYCLE – RADIOACTIVE EXPORTS TO NAMIBIA ........................................................................ 7 3.1 3.2 SELLER CONFIRMS ORDER.................................................................................................................................................. 7 3.3 BUYER ARRANGES FINANCE ............................................................................................................................................... 7 3.4 BUYER INFORMS FORWARDER OF ORDER.............................................................................................................................. 7 3.5 FORWARDER LIAISES WITH SUPPLIER FOR SHIPMENT ARRANGEMENTS ........................................................................................ 8 3.6 ORIGIN INLAND....................................................................
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