...WOUNDED HEALER ANALYSIS Carl Jung is a a heroine of mine for several reasons. He did study with Sigmund Freud; however, he branched off during his mid-life crisis because he realized that there is more to life than psychosexual stages. He believed in the collective unconscious; a sense of spirituality and the idea that countertransference can actually be helpful to the patient rather than harmful to the analyst. He believes dreams can be interpreted for healing and countertransference because they provide patients with images of their private inner world. He believes that we are all searching to fill a certain void, whether it is our anima (the unconventional, irrational, feminine side) or the animus (masculinity). I think that we all need a little of both in us to feel balanced. As implicated in The Wounded Healer; it’s a matter of how you can handle being wounded, that can bring relief to clients. The more wounds the analyst is capable of tolerating, the more countertransference is plausible; thus helping the patient to continue with recovery. As Carl Jung mentions; the analysts volatile emotions will never be totally worked through [as will anyone's for that matter] but should be calmed, and can be reconstallated under the impact of the patients unconscious. (p.107). As the patient speaks in therapy, there are certain unconscious emotions that unravel known as transference. As the analyst listens, he becomes aware of his own wounds, but nevertheless knows he cannot...
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...individuate personality. However, there is single way to describe someone’s personality. Comparing and contrasting Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung; each has perspectives with different and similar basic or underlying assumptions, describing the relationship between deterministic and free will concepts of humanity, and motives for behavior such as awareness of self. Each proposes strengths and limitations within the theory they describe as well. Underlying Assumptions When explaining concepts of personality, one cannot turn a blind eye to Sigmund Freud as he was an innovative mastermind in psychodynamic theory; better known as psychoanalysis. It is a form of theory as well as therapy for individuals to motivate behavior. He treated neurotic disorders for which there were no physical causes leading him to discover psychic determinism. This is an idea that exhibited behavior and personality are determined by psychological factors rather biological conditions or current life events (Westmont Psychology, 2002). He also believes that the unconscious mind controls part of someone’s personality. He explains that the unconscious psychological process determines thought, feelings, and behavior. Thus he created methods for exploring the unconscious known as free association, and analysis of dreams. Two cornerstones of psychoanalysis are sex and aggression because Freud believes that people are born with basic instincts and that these cornerstones are part of it. He also believes that personality...
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...Writer’s Memo Through doing the research about dreams I have learned a vast about of important information from how to write an annotated bibliography, how to use VCU’s library system online, how to critically dissect as well as review my paper and the most important what different people believe a dream means to them. Once again my knowledge of VCU’s online library research system came in handy. Because I knew the correct ways to search of information through this data base it helped eliminate unneeded information. The writing workshops gave me and in depth look and how to read a paper from the readers point of view versus just the writer’s voice. It also gave me a chance to see how other people would create such a paper and gave me tips on where I was lacking strength. Having someone else read and criticized your work humbles you as well as gives you room to grow as a writer. Along with the workshop having you look over my paper and giving me your feedback helped be discover ways I could elaborate and fix my claim. Since this is the second time I have written and read research on the topic of dreams I feel like I have a stronger understanding of how beneficial dreams are to your lives. If I have dream that frightens me I know have a idea of where it came from and how it relates to my day to day life because I have read so many different views and opinions on dream analysis. Learning about the different ways people view the ‘meaning’ of a dream really...
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...Hessen Individual, Group & Family Counseling May 22, 2012 For this paper, I have chosen to write about Psychoanalytic Therapy. I hope to share with you my thoughts of how Freud’s theory resonates with me and has throughout my lifetime. Sigmund Freud was known as the originator and the father of psychoanalysis. Freud's theory on sexuality was also very profound and unique. His beliefs were that our behaviors are determined by irrational forces, unconscious motivations, and biological instinctual drives and these evolve during the first 6 years of life. The aim of psychoanalytic therapy is to make the unconscious motives, the conscious, because it is only then can we exercise choice. Many of his insights into the human mind, which seemed so revolutionary at the turn of the century, are still part of the foundation on which other theorists have and still build and develop upon. Freud realized that those who sought to change themselves or others must face realistic difficulties. Although others before and during his time had begun to recognize the role of importance in unconscious mental understanding, some of his ideas were met with antagonism and resistance. Freud believed deeply in the value of his discoveries and rarely simplified or exaggerated them for the sake of popular acceptance. Psychoanalysis has continued to grow and develop as a general theory of human mental functioning, always keeping a profound respect for the uniqueness...
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...(Cherry,2012). Compare and contrast the psychoanalytic theories of Freud, Jung and Alder Pioneers of psychology, Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung and Alfred Alder were influential thinkers, early founders and significant contributors to the science of psychology (Goodwin, 2008). Carl believed that dreams contained significant insight into people’s Psyche and theorized that for people to become whole, they must be thought to integrate the unconscious with the conscious mind in a process he called individuation. (Malamud, 1923).Freud based most psychological things on sexuality, and Adler promoted the theory of individuality. According to Freud human personality is divided into Id, ego, and superego. (Friedman & Schustack, 2009). Each of these characters has its own idea of what the outcome of the story should be. Their struggles are fueled by powerful motives, and each one is out for itself. (Cash, 2011) The ego is the conscious and thinking self, the personal unconscious is the collective personal expenses unique to each individual, and the collective unconscious is a collection of experiences and behavior patterns that is common to all people. (Sheedy, 2011). Jung on the other hand identified the concepts of introversion and extroversion as the main definitions of personality and sensing, thinking and intuition as the major ways of relating to the world whether introverted or extroverted. Moreover, Freud identified the psychosexual stages the oral, anal, phallic, latency...
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...To what extent is the conscience the voice of God? The vast majority of people understand the conscience to be an internal moral source which guides us in situations to the right thing to do. Some believe this is an innate drive we are born with, other believe it is a result of early environment and conditioning. However, whether the belief differs about how we acquire a conscience, many peoples conscience guide them in different moral directions, for example one person may feel that it is morally right to kill someone who is committing homicides themselves, while others feel that it morally wrong to kill in al situations, irrespective of the victims history, for example it would be morally wrong to kill Adolf Hitler regardless of all the people he killed and maimed. The conscience can be argued to be the voice of god as god is believed to be benevolent, omniscient and omnipresent and made us in the image of him, giving us the conscience for us to stay on the moralistically correct side of the spectrum. In the Holy Scriptures the conscience is also called the heart. In the Sermon on the Mount the Lord Jesus Christ likens the conscience to an adversary with whom a man must make peace before he appears before the Judge (who is God) (Matt. 5:25). The Lord also compares the conscience to the eye, by means of which a person sees his moral state (Matt. 6:22). The first comparison reveals the distinguishing characteristic of our conscience, its to oppose our bad actions and intentions...
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...Axia College Material Appendix D TV Character Evaluation Part I Write a summary of 350-700 words identifying the contributions of Freud, Jung, and Rogers. The contribution of Freud, Jung, and Roger identifies the human behavior and mental process that have followed us throughout the years. Such contributions are divided into a three legged stool which consist of cognitive therapy, the behaviorist and the science of the mind. First and foremost one of the most controversial and influential psychodynamic theorists Sigmund Freud was known for his thorough studies and analysis of the central nervous system. Sigmund Freud mainly emphasized on the unconscious and conscious mind. After several years of intense studying and observations he concluded that the mental life is different from the views of other theorists. Freud theorized that one personality is formed into three structures of personality; the ID, the ego, the superego. Carl Jung embraced many of Freud’s beliefs. He believed that the unconscious consists of two apparent components; the personal unconscious, which consist of an individual repressed thoughts, forgotten experience and undeveloped ideas. The collective unconscious focuses on the memories and behavior patterns that originated from previous generations. He believed that people exhibit their attitudes from two types; introverts and extroverts. Extroverts focus on the external world and events going on around them in oppose to introvert which is mainly...
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...Sigmund Schlomo Freud BRIEF OVERVIEW Although Sigmund Freud was not the first person to formally study psychology, many consider him the most pivotal figure in the development of the field as we know it today. Freud changed the way society has come to think about and treat mental illness. Before Freud, mental illness was thought to result from deterioration or disease of the brain. Freud changed all of this by explicitly rejecting the purely organic or physical explanations of his predecessors. Instead he believed that unconscious motives and drives controlled most behavior. During a career that spanned 58 years, beginning with an earned medical degree in 1881 and continuing to his death in 1939, he developed and repeatedly revised his theory of psychoanalysis. Most of Freud’s theory was developed from contact he had with patients seen in his private practice in Vienna. This type of “clinical” work was a radical departure from the laboratory research that was practiced by most leading psychologists of the day. When Freud first presented his ideas in the 1890s, many of his contemporaries reacted with hostility. In fact, throughout his career, Freud faced enormous opposition to many of his ideas. Those especially controversial included notions about the role of the unconscious in behavior, childhood sexuality, and how the mind was governed (id, ego, and superego). But despite the opposition, Freud eventually attracted a group of followers that included well-known theorists 1856–1939...
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...Psychoanalytic Paper February 21, 2012 Larry Wenger Introduction In reading this paper you will see a comparison and contrast to Freud, Jung, and alder, and many studies that each one learned and thought. Simund Freud was born in Austria in 1856. Freud was dedicating to the learning and teaching of research and personality disorders. Freud added sex as a source of stress and conflicts. Simund Freud also had two key concepts, psychic determinism and unconscious motivation. Freud studied in Vienna. Simund Freud also believed that personality had three structures that consist of levels, conscious, pre conscious, unconscious. Later on in Feud career he developed five stages, oral, phallic, anal, latency, and genital. Freud was teaching that personality consist of three parts id, ego, and superego. Freud also studied nine types of defense mechanism. Just to name a few and what their meaning are. (Repression) Life long history of problems, Unconscious avoidance. (Denial) One cannot face the reality of evidence. (Projection) In the beginning of Freud career he started off doing hypnosis, but later notice that it was inadequate for some of his patients. He then moved on to studying dreams. Freud believes that dreams have a person’s inner conflicts of physical and mental problems. Freud thought that dreams will in lock ones inner secrets. Freud referred to dreams as the “royal road” to understanding the unconscious. Carl Jung was born in July, 1875 in Switzerland...
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...1 Reaction Paper on Sigmund Freud works Heroically, Freud dominated the 20 the century. Indeed from his birth in 1856 to his death in 1939, Freud’s contribution to psychology and a host of other areas of human endeavor has been so outstanding and far reaching that it may be very difficult to envision several aspects of popular culture without a Freudian perspective. Moreover, while it has been said that if God did not exist it would have been necessary to invent him, the world in a similar manner would have had to invent Freud had he not existed. Sigmund Freud played an extraordinary role in the broadening and deepening of psychological analysis. In social sciences, the signs of his influence are instantly recognizable. In psychiatry, as everyone knows, he affected a resolution. Problems of ethics have been reviewed in the light of his theories, and the implications of his doctrines have by no means escaped the attention of students of philosophy and religion. Even such general disciplines such as common sense, arithmetic, and physical sciences took on significant challenges when seen from his point of view, but the most remarkable of all is his effect on the thought in everyday life. Most of the Freudian terminology has found its way into common speech and in a general views. His interpretation of human nature is part of the common thought of the ages. Sigmund Freud is undeniably one of the most controversial figures in psychology...
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...theory of Psychosexual Development can help us to understand a client’s presenting issue?” In this essay I am asked to evaluate one aspect of Freudian theory. I will begin by first describing Freud’s psychosexual theory and demonstrate an understanding of its relationship to adult neurotic behaviour. Having done this I will examine some of the criticisms that have been levelled at Freudian theory in order to evaluate it. In 1905 Freud published ‘Three Essays on the theory of Sexuality and other Works’, one of those essays was titled ‘Infantile Sexuality’. In this essay Freud sets out his theory of psychosexual development. He asserts that there is in all humans an innate drive or instinct for pleasure, a sort of psychic energy, which he calls the libido and this energy needs to be discharged. He then goes on to describe how this drive finds outlet at the earliest stages of life, as babies, toddlers and infants and describes the oral, anal and phallic stages and the psychological effects of fixation at these stages. It is important to note that Freud separated sexual aims and objectives. His work on sexuality and perversions led to the wider theory of sexuality whereby he differentiated the sexual aim (the desire for pleasure) and the object (the person or thing used to fulfil the desire). He asserted that sexuality is more than just genital copulation between adults and this work is the background to his theory on infantile sexuality. He emphasised particular erogenous zones...
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...FREUDIANISM VERSUS BEHAVIORISM This paper will compare the psychological worldviews of Freudianism and Behaviorism. The Freudian perspective stems from the work of Sigmund Freud (1856-1939), the founder of psychoanalysis. The origin of Behaviorism is found in the work of B. F. Skinner (1904-1990). Both of these men had “scientific” worldviews and they both believed that there are forces that influence the lives of human beings. However, they differed in their view on what the most important influences are Freud emphasized the role of the unconscious mind, which cannot be directly observed. In contrast, Skinner emphasized the role of environmental reinforcements and their impact on observable behaviors. The worldview of Freudianism is based in part on Freud’s scientific orientation and his rejection of religious and metaphysical assumptions (Stevenson 72). Freud claimed that the mind is divided into two major parts, the conscious and the unconscious. According to Freud, the conscious part of the mind is merely “the surface of the mental apparatus” (Freud 11). Although people interact with the world through the use of their conscious minds, their unconscious minds have a powerful influence on their feelings and actions. In his book Seven Theories of Human Nature, Leslie Stevenson claims that Freudianism sees the mind as being like an iceberg, “with only a small proportion of it visible above the surface, but a vast hidden bulk exerting its influence on the...
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...EROS AND THANATOS INTRODUCTION Any student of the psychotherapies would have heard of the terms: Eros and thanatos Libido and mortido Life instinct and the death instinct If they have not heard of them then they should have! Freud seized on this concept and it became central in his overall theory of human nature. In his book “The ego and the id” he discusses this theory of instincts at length. Freud[1962] in his discussion of the two classes of instincts states that the first class is the sexual instincts or Eros. This is a "...selfpreservative instinct,..."(P30). On the other hand there is the death instinct whose task it is to, "...lead organic life back into the inanimate state;..."(P30). He is thus entering into the field of the philosophy of opposites. Human nature, life and the universe is unerringly a collection of opposites. The answer to the question, “Is it possible to have something that does not have an opposite?” begs unending cognition. Hyams(1998) notes this in her article on dissociation. She says that the world is full of polarities - good/bad, inhaling/exhaling, high/low and so on. In addition the is yin/yang, protons/electrons, left/right, black/white, matter/anti-matter and so on endlessly. Does something exist that does not have an opposite? I am yet to think of one. As soon as one defines ‘x’, then ‘not x’ is immediately defined as well. However that is for the philosophers to conjugate over. THEORY OF OPPOSITES Freud’s theory of these two instincts certainly...
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...Evaluate the claim that conscience is the voice of God (35 Marks) Conscience can be divided into three theories, one being ‘an awareness of what is good and bad ‘believed by St. Paul, secondly the conscience is the power to distinguish good from evil believed by St. Jerome and thirdly, the conscience is the voice of God, believed by St. Augustine. Thomas Aquinas thought that the conscience is a device for distinguishing our right actions from our wrong ones, he believed that we all obey the synderesis rule which means that we all have a innate awareness of good and bad that cannot be mistaken, this is why he reckoned that people do generally tend towards the good and away from evil. However Aristotle had not realized that mistakes can be made when working out what is good and what is evil, as it would be unlikely for every single human being to agree on what is right and wrong. Our conscience does not command our action of choosing right or wrong, but is ‘reason making the right decision’. In relation to the moral Argument, Immanuel Kant said that we all have a sense of moral law. If we feel we ought to do something, this can prove that we have free will, which allows us and our conscience to make the correct decisions when deciding upon the rightness or wrongness of a situation/outcome. But to be free allows for some mistakes, Aquinas agrees that the conscience is infallible, that it is not the voice of god, but it is part of our God given make up. Joseph Butler agreed with...
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...Life Span Development and Personality of Eva Peron Rhonda Hager PSY/300 June 18, 2012 Teresa Neal Life Span Development and Personality of Eva Peron Introduction Many factors influence the way a person will develop and the personality they will have. Scientists have long debated on the subject of heredity versus environment and how each effects the way a person develops. Different theories have also been discovered to explain a person’s personality. In this paper we will look at how heredity and environment played a role in the development of Eva Peron. We will also discuss how the different theories of personality explain the woman she became. Influences of Heredity and Environment Eva Peron was born on May 7, 1919 in Los Toldos, Argentina. Her mother, Juana Ibarguren, was the mistress of Juan Duarte, a local land owner. Juana had a large personality. She was the type of person who got what she wanted. She worked in the kitchen of the Duarte house and set her eyes on Juan Duarte. Not long after she became pregnant with her first child. It was not uncommon for men of means in Argentina to have mistresses; instead it was assumed that they would. Juan Duarte provided for Juana and her children to the extent that he could, while keeping them away from his wife and family. Eva was born into poverty and the entire family, mother and five children, shared a one room home (Barnes, 1935). Since she was not from the poorest class of people, her neighbors tended...
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