...Introduction Bipolar disorder represents a serious medical condition with a high rate of patients and a high degree of mortality (Kring, Davison, Neale & Johnson, 2005). The DSM-5 recognised three forms of disorder: bipolar 1 disorder, bipolar 2 disorder and cyclothymic disorder (Kring et.al). Manic symptoms are the defining features of each of these disorders, with varying frequencies and intensity (Perlis, Miyahara, Marangell, Wisniewski, Ostacher, DelBello & STEP-BD Investigators, 2004). These disorders are labelled bipolar because the patients experiencing mania will also experience depression during their lifetime. During the manic episodes, patients will act and think in ways which are not their typical selves. In this essay an evaluation...
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...7: States of Consciousness CHAPTER PREVIEW Consciousness is our awareness of ourselves and our environment. Conscious information processing enables us to exercise control and to communicate our mental states to others. Beneath the surface, unconscious processing occurs simultaneously on many parallel tracks. Our daily schedule of waking and sleeping is governed by a biological clock known as circadian rhythm. Our sleep also follows a repeating cycle. Awakening people during REM sleep yields predictable “dreamlike” reports that are mostly of ordinary events. Freud’s view that dreams can be traced back to erotic wishes is giving way to newer theories, for example, that dreams help us process information and fix it in memory or that dreams erupt from neural activity. Studies of hypnosis indicate that, although hypnotic procedures may facilitate recall, the hypnotist’s beliefs frequently work their way into subjects’ recollections. Hypnosis can be at least temporarily therapeutic and has the potential of bringing significant pain relief. Hypnosis may be an extension both of normal principles of social influence and of everyday splits in consciousness. Psychoactive drugs also alter consciousness. Depressants act by depressing neural functioning. Although their effects are pleasurable, they impair memory and self-awareness and may have other physical consequences. Stimulants act at the synapses by influencing the brain’s neurotransmitters. Their effects depend on...
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...thinking. As students, spend more time on computers, smartphones, and the internet they fail to see the risks they are taking and the damage that has been done. Technology plays a big role in our lives; our skills in critical thinking and analysis have declined, while our visual skills have improved, according to research by Patricia Greenfield UCLA Professor. Students who read for pleasure enhances their thinking and engages their imagination in a way that visuals do not. Studies show that reading develops imagination, induction, reflection and critical thinking, as vocabulary. (Greenfield). Many teachers are seeing a decline in children’s writing skills. With so much of their education being online, the use of handwriting and general writing skills are being ignored. Cursive handwriting has become a pastime. As students spend more time with visual media and less time with print, evaluation methods that include visual media will give a better picture of what they actually know, said (Greenfield). By using more visual media, students will process information better, she said. However, most visual media are real-time media that do not allow time to reflection, analysis or imagination; those are not developed by real-time such as television or video games. Schools should ensure that students have the opportunity to access and work with a broad range of media, balancing new media with traditional forms of reading. Parents should encourage their children to read and should read to their...
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...illnesses. Television can promote certain behaviors to children at young ages, for example if a child is exposed to violence on television, then that program is promoting aggressive behavior and the child can then begin to act more aggressively. Many researches show how television programs negatively affect children and their behavior from a process called imitation. Moreover, children, who are exposed to television programs showing violence, are more or less likely to affect their behavior. Media affects theories in modern times originated with Bandura's social learning theory suggests that children learn aggression from viewing others. Children’s behavior was observed in Bandura's Bobo Doll experiments. Bandura showed children a video of a model beating up a Bobo doll and then put the children in a room with a Bobo doll to see if he/she would imitate the behavior...
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...Psychological Disorder Analysis Psychological Disorder Analysis Bipolar Disorder Bipolar disorder is a disorder of the brain that affects one to two percent of people in our country. In many situations, the man or woman suffers silently with this mental illness, never knowing there is a reason for his or her feelings, that an explanation exists for the emotions and behaviors felt. Many years are stolen from these people because treatment was unknown or unavailable to them. With understanding and treatment, they will enjoy the life they have been given. Bipolar disorder creates shifts in a person’s mood from the mild to the extreme. It affects their energy levels, and interferes with their ability to perform and complete even simple daily tasks. They are overly energized and aggressive one day, and the next they cannot rise from bed to shower or even answer when a friend calls. Typically developing during late adolescence or early adulthood, Bipolar Disorder will always be a lifelong condition. In some cases, it does not appear until later in life. If left untreated, the instances of mood swings will occur more frequently and become much more severe. Two Emotional States – Depression and Manic A patient with bipolar disorder experiences symptoms of depression where they are overcome by negative thoughts. In this state, they tell themselves they are unworthy, they feel helpless, and incapable of improving their position in life...
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...How Media Effect Children Franchester White Eng/101 September 7, 2014 Karen Strimkovskey Is your child safe? As a parent, you always want to know what your child is watching on television. The media is a powerful tool that doesn’t always teach a positive lesson. Media have provided the means and opportunity for children to distort reality into fallacies through television and video games. While media programs have a negative effect on children, there are some positive programs. The largest amounts of violence are found in children shows. Children between the age of 2 and 18 spends 6 hours and 32 minutes on an average a day using media with the exception of sleeping this is more than they spend on any other activity. When multiple media is stimulated, this time is increased to 8 hours a day. Big parts of media exposure are violent acts that are also witnessed in video games. On an average, a young child will have viewed 200,000 acts of violence on television (TV). Exposure to violent media wrecks havoc on thoughts, feeling, and most importantly, behavior. “The Influence of Media Violence on Youth,” a report appearing in the December 2003 edition of “Psychological Science in the Public Interest,” points to strong evidence points to the exposure to media violence causes boost in physically and verbally aggressive behavior in children. “Extensive research evidence indicates that media violence can contribute to aggressive behavior...
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...Autism Wilfredo Garcia Table of Contents Abstract 3 Autism 4 Videogames and young people with Developmental disorders 10 Funding of Applied Behavior Analysis 11 Executive function in individuals with sub threshold Autism traits 12 Conclusion 14 References 15 Abstract The increasing number of individuals with Learning Disabilities (LD) and psychiatric disorders presents a key challenge to their assessment and treatment in mental health services. Children and young people with LD are more likely to experience mental health than the general population (Allington-Smith, 2006). There is a close relationship between autism spectrum disorder and learning disability. Epidemiological studies suggest that autism is more frequent in people with LD, nearly 40% of people with LD also have autism on the other hand, and nearly 70% of people with autism also have LD (La Mafa, 2004). The strong association between autism and LD (Bradley, 2004) also associates an increased risk of mental health problems. It is suggested that adults with LD and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may experience symptoms of anxiety at a greater level than the general population; however, this requires more conclusive evidence in relation to the prevalence of anxiety disorders in adults with LD and autism. Autism ...
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...A Cultural Review of Bipolar Disorder Jasmine Matlock Abnormal Psychology In my analysis I will be depicting the cultural views on Bipolar Disorder. In short, Bipolar Disorder formerly known as Manic-Depressive disorder is the elevation and downfall of two extreme moods. This is to include moods that are too high- mania, and moods that are that are too low –depressive. Many get confused as to what is considered manic. It is not just excitement or a temporary euphoric feeling but rather an extremely happy or enjoyable state of being that is prolonged for hours, days, or weeks if not treated. This would seem like a good thing to someone who would be unaware of the situations in a manic state of mind, however, under manic episodes people have the potential to be very inappropriate and lose their sense of otherwise clear judgment. This can obviously affect the average daily living of an individual who can fall victim to symptomatic irritability or out be of control with their inflated self esteem and decreased sleep. On the other end of the spectrum you have the depressive episodes, where you are filled with feelings of total loss and emptiness. Periods of normal feelings known as euthymic moods are commonly intervened between the two extremes. Not whole heartedly recognized in other countries, Bipolar disorders are not uncommon. However people can go through their whole lives without proper treatment systems or even a proper diagnosis. In The United States we are very...
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...(Hankey, Catherine). Furthermore, there are different ways to assess the stages of obesity. The most common is direct measure of body fat with the help of “computer tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, bioelectrical impedance analysis or dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry scan. These tools are primarily used in obesity research, whereas in routine clinical practice other anthropometric measures are used as a proxy measure of body fat” (Hankey, Catherine). The another one is body mass index (BMI) by monitoring base on height and weight. If the body mass index is 30 or higher it is considered for obese. Also waist circumference is used. According to Catherine, “waist circumference is the simplest and most robust criterion: >80 cm (women) or >94 cm (men) marks a need for self determined action to avoid further gain; >88 cm (women) or >102 cm (men) indicates high health risks and a need for professional support for sustained weight loss” (Hankey, Catherine). There are different ways to solve the obesity problem. One of the solutions is to get bariatric surgery. It has been considered one of the most effective solutions,...
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...Video Gaming Addiction and its Effects on Job Performance, Interpersonal Social Interaction, and Marriages Western Governors University Video Gaming Addiction and its Effects Within society there are several addictions that plague us and are mainly associated with substance abuse. There are addictions to drugs, alcohol, food and multiple others that are too numerous to list. However, within this century we have seen the rise of video game addiction among the young, the old, male and female. Video game addiction is related to other underlying disorders such as depression, obsessive-compulsive disorders, other anxiety disorders, and impulse control disorders (Oggins, 2012). The American Medical Association has considered adding this addiction to their manual of mental disorders (Northrup, 2014). There have been several studies on the addiction to video gaming. These studies correlate the negative effects of excessive time spent playing video games with the associated risks that result from this behavior. Research shows that video gaming has become one of the new addictions of the 21st Century due to the loss of interpersonal social interaction, negative effects on job performance, and the debilitating effects on marriages or relationships. Video game addiction is a direct result of the great leaps that we have made in technology. With the invention of the personal computer and following the inception of the internet this has spawned a new addiction that now plagues...
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...neurodegenerative disease, as well as functional disorders such as depression, objective measures of activity are crucial to assess disease severity, and consequently management and outcome assessment. Recent advances in miniaturization – specifically, the availability of compact and inexpensive accelerometers and gyroscopes – opens up the possibility of making such measurements over extended periods of time, and outside the confines of a laboratory. This approach is especially essential in severe brain injury, where there are limited treatments to enhance motor recovery and the natural history is poorly understood. Specific Aim 1 is to automate the determination of type and quality of upper body movements made by subjects recovering from severe brain injury. We will record movements of subjects recovering from severe brain injury using video and functional activity monitors (FAMs; accelerometer-gyroscopes; Wagenaar et al., 2011) over two-to-three-day research hospital admissions. We will also record healthy controls with video and FAMs while they mimic the most common movements of the clinical subjects. 1A) We will...
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...ALTERED STATE OF CONSCIOUSNESS: ALTERED STATES OF CONSCIOUSNES INTRODUCTION In an altered state of consciousness your level of awareness and the nature of your perceptions, thoughts and feelings are distinctly different from your state during ordinary waking consciousness. 1. Waking and Sleeping These two states which are so different are regularly experienced by everybody every day. Some people experience a pronounced hypnogogic state in between waking and sleeping and some people get vivid hallucinations during this state. 2. Dreaming Dreaming involves a state which is physiologically and psychologically different from deep sleep. Lucid dream is a still different mode of functioning where the dreamer has the awareness that he is dreaming. This state is said to be conducive for gaining insight into and awareness of the unconscious and is a technique in mystic training. 3. Hypnosis This state is characterized by increased suggestibility and surrender of one's will. HYPNOSIS Hypnosis is a mental state or imaginative role-enactment it is usually induced by a procedure known as a hypnotic induction, which is commonly composed of a long series of preliminary instructions and suggestions. Hypnotic suggestions may be delivered by a hypnotist in the presence of the subject, or may be self-administered ("self-suggestion" or "autosuggestion"). The use of hypnotism for therapeutic purposes is referred to as "hypnotherapy", while its use as a form of entertainment...
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...having excessive body fat. Obesity presents a huge problem both physically, mentally, as well as emotionally. People dealing with obesity have to face with humiliation, depression, and sometimes even discrimination. Who is there to blame for this issue? It isn’t likely to find kids exercising like children used to be. Instead, kids are inside playing their video games, on the computer using a social network, simply not being active. Thirty eight percent of public school children in were overweight or obese in 2010 (Allday 2011). Fingers can be pointed in a different number of places, fast food restaurants, soda companies, schools, and sometimes parents in their own homes can be at fault as well. It’s no question that obesity awareness needs to be raised but we as a society must work in unison to get to the main goal, healthier eating and a more active lifestyle. Method This case study was chosen to expand the knowledge of this epidemic issue within our communities. The study explains the overall issue of childhood obesity, health risks, diagnosis and treatment, and the awareness and prevention of the nutritional disorder. Within our group we decided upon this topic based on the doubling rate of obesity in the Bay Area. To aid our research we utilize peer review journals and articles from non-profit organizations, as well as other health reliable sources....
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...Barnabus “Barney” Stinson: A Legen….Wait for It…Dary but Brief Character Analysis Ivy Tech Community College PSYC 101 Barnabus “Barney” Stinson: A Legen….Wait for It…Dary but Brief Character Analysis Barnabus “Barney” Stinson is one of the main characters of the show “How I Met Your Mother”, portrayed by Neil Patrick Harris. “How I Met Your Mother” is a comedy sitcom on CBS about five friends living in New York, which centers on Ted Mosby and his quest to find true love. The series is narrated by the future Ted Mosby telling his children an extremely long and elaborate story about how he met their mother. Barney Stinson is one of Ted’s best friends, and a great source of comedy for the show. Barney is a serial womanizer with father issues and questionable actions. He has a unique personality and uses crazy and elaborate tactics to seduce women. His single mother raised Barney and his older brother James. Barney and James both asked about their fathers but their mother would either lie to them or change the subject. Throughout his childhood, Barney was constantly lied to by his mother to protect his feelings. For example, Barneys mother told him he could not play on the basketball team because he was to good and it would be unfair to the other players, when in reality the coach did not want him on the team. Barney was an unpopular child and was picked on and bullied by other kids his age. One major thing that happened in Barneys adulthood that helped shape his character...
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...Clocky – The Runaway Alarm Clock | Case Analysis Group 3 | | Problem Statement Even though Clocky was the center of the media hype, Gauri Nanda is faced with many pressing challenges and issues for its commercial debut in the marketplace: Analysis: 1. Industry Analysis The US alarm clock market in 2005 was quite fragmented with a significant number of players in the regular alarm clock as well as the niche alarm clocks segment. The Americans spent over $7 billion on clocks and watches. On an overall basis, the consumer spending on clocks, lamps and furnishing as a category showed a increasing growth trend. The imported watches segment was also growing at a CAGR of 4% since 2002. The alarm clock industry can be further analysed using the Porter’s model and generic strategies as shown below. Figure 1: Porter’s Five Forces Analysis Economies of Scale: In order to analyze the Economies of Scale in manufacturing of Clocky Alarm clock, we have divided the manufacturing unit of Clocky alarm into different segments. The major manufacturing units comprises of 1. Integrated Circuit Manufacturing Unit: The Integrated circuit industry shows a high economy of scale. Since this is one of the most important and costlier part in the alarm clock, the decision in finding out the overall economy of scale is highly influence by this manufacturing unit. 2. Outer plastic body manufacturing Unit: The plastic molding and manufacturing industry also shows significant economy...
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