...General Motors was founded on Wednesday, September 16, 1908, in Flint, Michigan, as a holding company for Buick (then controlled by William C. Durant). Durant's company, the Durant-Dort Carriage Company, had been in business in Flint since 1886, and by 1900, was producing over 100,000 carriages a year in factories located in Michigan and Canada. Prior to his acquisition of Buick, Durant had several Ford dealerships. With springs, axles and other key components being provided to the early automotive industry by Durant-Dort, it can be reasoned that GM actually began with the founding of Durant-Dort.[3] Durant acquired Oldsmobile later in 1908. The next year, he brought in Cadillac, Cartercar, Elmore, Ewing, and Oakland (later known as Pontiac). In 1909, General Motors also acquired the Reliance Motor Truck Company of Owosso, Michigan, and the Rapid Motor Vehicle Company of Pontiac, Michigan, the predecessors of GMC Truck. A Rapid became the first truck to conquer Pikes Peak in 1909. In 1910, Welch and Rainier were added to the ever-growing list of companies controlled by GM. Durant lost control of GM in 1910 to a bankers trust, due to the large amount of debt (around $1 million) taken on in its acquisitions. Durant left the firm and co-founded the Chevrolet Motor Company in 1911 with Louis Chevrolet. After a brilliant stock buy back campaign, he returned to head GM in 1916, with the backing of Pierre S. du Pont. On October 13 of the same year, GM Company became incorporated as...
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...RESEARCH PAPER ON GM Introduction "General Motors has no bad years, only good years and better years" (Sloan, 1972). This mantra established in 1950 by former GM president Harlow H. Curtice may have been true at one point, but is called into question today by many, including Wall Street. General Motors Corporation, also known, as GM or GMC is the world’s 2nd largest auto company in sales revenue behind Toyota which took the lead in 2006. General Motors reigned as the global leader in the automobile industry for the last 76 years, which was longer than any other automaker. Today, Richard Wagoner, Jr., GM Chairman and CEO currently runs GM, which was founded in 1908. GM today employs approximately 324,000 people around the world, with their global headquarters in Detroit Michigan. Their European headquarters is based in Zurich, Switzerland. In 2006, 9.1 million GM cars and trucks were sold globally under the following brands: Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMC, GM, Daewoo, Holden, Hummer, Opel, Pontiac, Saab, Saturn, and Vauxhall. General Motors has a superb relationship with international connection. GM takes pride in fostering global partnerships and consumer relationships. GM is majority shareholder in GM Daewoo auto & Technology Co. of South Korea and has had collaborative ventures in technology and manufacturing with several other automakers. It also has ventures with Shanghai Automotive Industry Corporation of China. GM’s largest national market is the United...
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...CENTER FOR INFORMATION SYSTEMS RESEARCH Sloan School of Management Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 7-ELEVEN Japan Co., Ltd.: Reinventing the Retail Business Model Kei Nagayama and Peter Weill January 2004 CISR WP No. 338 and MIT Sloan WP No. 4485-04 2004 Massachusetts Institute of Technology. All rights reserved. Research Article: a completed research article drawing on one or more CISR research projects that presents management frameworks, findings and recommendations. Research Summary: a summary of a research project with preliminary findings. Research Briefings: a collection of short executive summaries of key findings from research projects. Case Study: an in-depth description of a firm’s approach to an IT management issue (intended for MBA and executive education). Technical Research Report: a traditional academically rigorous research paper with detailed methodology, analysis, findings and references. About the Center for Information Systems Research CISRMISSION CISR was founded in 1974 and has a strong track record of practice based research on the management of information technology. As we enter the twenty-first century, CISR’s mission is to perform practical empirical research on how firms generate business value from IT. CISR disseminates this research via electronic research...
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...Cycles of Organisational Learning: A Conceptual Approach Dr Peter Murray Senior Lecturer Division of Economic and Financial Studies, Department of Business, Macquarie University, NSW. Australia. Phone +61 2 98508468 Email: p.murray@mq.edu.au Key Words: unbounded learning, integrated learning cycles, competencies Abstract In an environment of rapid change, organisational learning theory appears to offer much for organisations trying to grapple with change and growth. Not all theorists agree on the methodologies of organisational learning however, and there is little consensus about how organisations achieve both change and growth simultaneously. This paper attempts to expand the simplistic idea that organisational learning is an adaptive approach supported by individualized and stand-alone strategies of learning. The paper demonstrates how various conventions of learning can be understood as integrated learning cycles from which organisations can chart new paradigms of learning in practice. Current theories of organizational learning are imbued with their own sense of history making, clever manifestos that support a workshop or case study approach, and questionable rather than empirical validations of internally consistent phenomenon. Existing theories of learning however are valuable to the extent that they collectively represent a community of practice from which scholars and practitioners benefit. New conceptual approaches are needed...
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...A RESEARCH PROPOSAL OF COLLABORATIVE BUYER - SUPPLIER RELATIONSHIPS AND JUST IN TIME (JIT STRATEGY) STRATEGY A CASE STUDY OF CROWN BEVERAGES LIMITED UGANDA BY SATURDAY BONAVENTURE 09/U/8578/PLE/PE A RESEARCH PROPOSAL SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP OF THE IN AWARD PARTIAL OF A FULFILMENT BACHELORS OF DEGREE THE IN REQUIREMENT PROCUREMENT AND LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT Collaborative buyer - supplier relationships and JIT strategy 09/U/8578/PLE/PE CHAPTER ONE 1.0 Introduction This chapter introduces the background of the study, problem statement, objectives of the study i.e. the main objective and the specific objectives, research questions, scope of the study and the significance of the study. 1.1 Background to the study In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to buyer-supplier relationships and just in time strategy in general. Views of buyer-supplier relationships have evolved from the old school of the 1980s, where buyers and suppliers were viewed as part of a zero-sum game, to the more collaborationist outlook of the 1990s, which claimed that buyers and suppliers could cooperate to the benefit of both, to the more network-oriented view of the 2000s, where buyers and suppliers are parts of organic business ecosystems. Today these relationships have become “strategic” and the process of relationships development is accelerated as firms strive to create relationships to achieve their goals. In this stressful environment of relationships...
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...TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction 1 2. Background 1 3. Personal Skills, Knowledge and Attitude 2 3.1 My SKA profile 2 3.2 Skill audit 3 3.3 SWOT analysis 3 4. Personal learning style 4 5. Team Engagement 5 6. Personal Actions Plan 6 7. Masters Learning Personal Reflection 8 8. Conclusion 9 REFERENCE 10 APPENDIX 1: PERSONAL SKILL AUDIT 11 APPENDIX 2: LEARNING STYLE QUESTIONAIRE 15 APPENDIX 3: TEAM ROLES PERSONAL INVENTORY: BELBIN 20 1. Introduction Personal development skill plays a significant role in individual’s life. Especially in current society, when studying and working environment become more competitive and tense. Additionally, employees in many big companies now have more power to contribute their ideas for decision making process (Charan, 1999). Therefore, it is very necessary for me to constantly develop my personal skills. As a student, there are many ways for me to enhance these skills such as: classrooms, clubs, student professional organizations, athletic teams, residence halls, the Clarion community, my home community, internship programs, summer jobs… (Humpfreys, 2004). However, just focusing on developing personal skills is not enough. Assessing and reviewing the development of each skill are also significant. In other words, I should have my own personal development plan which will help me to control my progress. The plan will help me review which achievement I have gained, as well as support me to set further goals for making continuous...
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...Toolkits for idea competitions: a novel method to integrate users in new product development Frank T. Piller1,2 and Dominik Walcher1 TUM Business School, Technische Universitat Munchen, Leopoldstrasse 139, 80804 Munich, ¨ ¨ Germany. walcher@wi.tum.de 2 MIT Sloan School of Management, 50 Memorial Drive, E52-513, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. piller@mit.edu 1 Research has shown that many innovations originate not in the manufacturer but the user domain. Internet-based toolkits for idea competitions (TIC) are a novel way for manufacturers to access innovative ideas and solutions from users. Idea competitions build on the nature of competition as a means to encourage users to participate at an open innovation process, to inspire their creativity, and to increase the quality of the submissions. When the contest ends, submissions are evaluated by an expert panel. Users whose submissions score highest receive an award from the manufacturer, which is often granted in exchange for the right to exploit the solution in its domain. Following the idea of evolutionary prototyping, we developed a TIC in cooperation with a manufacturer of sports goods. The TIC was launched as a pilot in one of the company’s markets. Submissions were evaluated using the consensual assessment technique. The evaluation of this study provides suggestions for further research, but also implications for managers willing to explore TIC in their organization. 1. Introduction T o acquire information from (potential)...
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...LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY INSTRUCTION PLAN (for Lectures) Term: 3rd Course No. COM604 Course Title: STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT L: 4 T: 1 P: 0 Textbook: 1. Hunger J. D. and Wheelen T. L. , Strategic Management & Business Policy, Pearson Education, New Delhi, 8th Ed., 2006 Other Specific Books: 2. Kazmi, A. Business Policy and Strategic Management, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 2nd Ed. 2007 3. Jauch, R. Lawrence, R. Gupta and W.F.Glueck, Business Policy and Strategic Management, Frank Bros.&Co., 7th Ed.,2007 Other readings: |S. No |Journal articles as compulsory reading | |. |Camillus, J. C. Strategy as a wicked problem, Harvard Business Review, May 2008 | | |Hirotaka, The contradictions that Drive Toyota’s success, Harvard Business Review, June, 2008 | | |C.K. Prahalad’s Plan: India @75, Business Today, August 24, 2008 | | |McAfee, A. and Brynjolfsson, E., Investing in IT that makes a competitive Difference, Harvard Business Review, July-August, 2008, PP.98-107 | | |Collis, D.J. and Montgomery, C.A., Competing on Resource, Harvard Business Review, July-August, 1995 ...
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...STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT TEXAS EXECUTIVE MBA PROGRAM FALL 2011 Professor David B. Jemison CBA 3.232 Telephone 471-8757 David.Jemison@mccombs.utexas.edu Texts: Porter, Michael E. Competitive Strategy. (New York: Free Press, l998). Course Description Perspective and Themes This course is about the creation and maintenance of a long-term vision for the organization. This means that it is concerned with both the determination of strategic direction and the management of the strategic process. As such, it deals with the analytical, behavioral, and creative aspects of business simultaneously. The course is organized around six themes in strategic management: the role of the general manager, the components of business strategy, corporate strategy development, divisional-level strategy development, managing strategic change, and the development of general managers. Our perspective in this course is that of the leader whose responsibility is the long-term health of the entire firm or a major division. The key tasks involved in general management include the detection of and adaptation to environmental change; the procurement and allocation of resources; the integration of activities across subparts of the organizations; and, at the most senior levels, the determination of purpose and the setting of corporate direction. General managers, from our perspective, are managers who are in the position to make strategic decisions for the firm. Note that such...
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...Modelling for Change: An Information Systems Perspective on Change Management Models Robert D. Macredie, Carl Sandom and Ray J. Paul Department of Information Systems and Computing, Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex, UB8 3PH Tel: +44 1895 203374; Fax: +44 1895 203391 E-mail: Ray.Paul@brunel.ac.uk; Robert.Macredie@brunel.ac.uk Abstract This paper will focus on the topic of organisational change and its management from an information systems perspective. The paper will examine the issues raised during a review of the change management literature – looking at the major approaches to change management, namely, the planned, emergent and contingency approaches – as background to the issues raised in other papers in this theme of the book. As in the Management In The 90s (MIT90s) study, a very broad definition of the term IT is used to include: computers of all types, hardware, software, communications networks and the integration of computing and communications technologies. The paper will then examine change management within the context of Information Systems (IS) theory and practice. This will lead to a discussion of an emerging model by Orlikowski and Hofman which will be briefly reviewed to provide insight into the types of models which are likely to provide a focus for research in the area in the near future. The model also provides a strong and interesting framework against which to view some of the papers that follow in this theme of the book. 1. Introduction As...
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... the resource theory considers human resources in a more explicit way. This theory considers that the competitive position of a firm depends on its specific and not duplicated assets. The most specific (and not duplicated) asset that an enterprise has is its personnel. It takes advantage of their interdependent knowledge. That would explain why some firms are more productive than others. With the same technology, a solid human resource team makes all the difference (Archel, 1995). There are two reasons for including human resources in accounting. First, people are a valuable resource to a firm so long as they perform services that can be quantified. Second, the value of a person as a resource depends on how he is employed. So management style will also influence the human resource value (Ripoll and Labatut, 1994)....
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...Proceedings of ASBBS Volume 18 Number 1 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY – A TOOL TO CREATE A POSITIVE BRAND IMAGE Kaur, Maneet Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, India. Agrawal, Sudhir. Symbiosis International University, Noida, India ABSTRACT “Way to creating positive image lies in building connections with society through Corporate Social Responsibility initiatives.” Corporate Social Responsibility creates a landing place in the minds of the target consumers. It not only caters to the Brand Equity awareness among the consumers but also leads to a positive Brand Image in the minds of the potential consumers. The purpose of this paper is to understand how Corporate Social Responsibility can lead to the creation of better brand image. It investigates the efficacy of Corporate Social Responsibility initiatives creating positive brand image in the minds of the consumers. The present study is based on secondary data, information collected from authentic sources such as books, journals, magazines and research reports and electronic data gathered through related web sites. Explanation and exploration of different types of conceptual information presented in the study is the result of observation, in depth reading, experiences and rational judgement of the author and co-author of the paper. KEY WORDS: Corporate Social Responsibility, Brand Image, Societal Marketing, Consumer Perceptions, Corporate Social Responsibility Initiatives. INTRODUCTION With the advent of the era...
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...Global Journal of Management and Business Research Volume 12 Issue 21 Version 1.0 Year 2012 Type: Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research Journal Publisher: Global Journals Inc. (USA) Online ISSN: 2249-4588 & Print ISSN: 0975-5853 A Study on Customer Preference and Satisfaction towards Restaurant in Dehradun City By Neha Joshi Abstract - India is in the midst of the restaurant revolution. The revenues hotel and restaurant industry in yr.2006-2007 increase of nearly 22 %...The eating habits of people are changing; the style of cooking and the ingredients used increased the popularity of Indian food all throughout....... Indian food had experienced a tremendous change, people started following cooking style and adopted eating habit according to their religion. At present Indian food is recognized all over the country...service quality is an attitude or global judgment about the superiority of a service, industries must achieve a quality service the exceed customer, expectation .service quality determine an organization success or failure, the satisfaction is a function of consumer, experience and reaction to provide behavior during the service encounter. The level of satisfaction may be influence by various attitudes from internal, external factor. The demand for food away from home is dramatically increasing. According to the 2003/04 Indian Household Economic Survey, the average weekly household expenditure on meals away from home increased from...
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...Nintendo Co., Ltd. (???????, Nintendo Kabushiki gaisha?) is a multinational corporation located in Kyoto, Japan. Founded on September 23, 1889[2] by Fusajiro Yamauchi, it produced handmade hanafuda cards.[6] By 1963, the company had tried several small niche businesses, such as a cab company and a love hotel.[7]}} Nintendo developed into a video game company, becoming what is arguably the most influential in the industry, and Japan's third most valuable listed company, with a market value of over US$85 billion.[8] Also, Nintendo of America is the majority owner of the Seattle Mariners Major League Baseball team.[9] The name Nintendo can be roughly translated from Japanese to English as "leave luck to heaven".[10] As of October 18, 2010, Nintendo has sold over 565 million hardware units and 3.4 billion software units.[11] Contents * 1 History o 1.1 As a card company (1889–1956) o 1.2 New ventures (1956–1974) o 1.3 Electronic era (since 1974) + 1.3.1 Handheld console history * 2 Infrastructure o 2.1 Key Executives o 2.2 Offices and locations * 3 Software development studios o 3.1 First-party studios o 3.2 Second-party studios o 3.3 Former affiliates * 4 Policy o 4.1 Emulation o 4.2 Content guidelines o 4.3 License guidelines o 4.4 Seal of Quality + 4.4.1 NTSC regions + 4...
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...Innovation and project development: an impossible equation? Lessons from an innovative automobile project development Franck Aggeri and Blanche Segrestin Ecole des Mines de Paris, 60 Boulevard Saint Michel, 75272 Paris cedex 06, France. Franck.Aggeri@cgs.ensmp.fr; Blanche.Segrestin@cgs.ensmp.fr Product development performance has become a key issue for car manufacturers. But innovation seeks to outperform dominant design, whereas project development targets welldefined areas (costs, lead times, quality, etc.). This article provides an analysis of the extent to which innovation is compatible with recent managerial and technical methods (project and multi-project management, co-development, simulation tools and digital mock-ups, etc.). The analysis is based on a recent development project conducted at Renault in which these various techniques were used in an attempt to achieve highly ambitious targets simultaneously in the areas of lead times, costs and innovation. During the course of the project, unexpected design problems revealed failures in co-ordination, monitoring procedures and expertise. We argue that recent project development methods can induce negative effects on collective learning processes and that these effects have managerial implications for innovative developments. 1. Introduction I n recent years, innovation has, for most firms, become a key issue in an economic context in which competition is increasingly driven by high rates of...
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