...How to Read a Journal Article in Social Psychology When approaching a journal article for the first time, and often on subsequent occasions, most people try to digest it as they would any piece of prose. They start at the beginning and read word for word, until eventually they arrive at the end, perhaps a little bewildered, but with a vague sense of relief. This is not an altogether terrible strategy; journal articles do have a logical structure that lends itself to this sort of reading. There are, however, more efficient approaches that enable you, a student of social psychology, to cut through peripheral details, avoid sophisticated statistics with which you may not be familiar, and focus on the central ideas in an article. Arming yourself with a little foreknowledge of what is contained in journal articles, as well as some practical advice on how to read them, should help you read journal articles more effectively. If this sounds tempting, read on. Journal articles offer a window into the inner workings of social psychology. They document how social psychologists formulate hypotheses, design empirical studies, analyze the observations they collect, and interpret their results. Journal articles also serve an invaluable archival function: They contain the full store of common and cumulative knowledge of social psychology. Having documentation of past research allows researchers to build on past findings and advance our understanding of social behavior, without pursuing avenues...
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...Guidelines for Students Practical Training Semester (PTS) Bachelor Degree Programmes full-time School of Business Krems, December 2010 Doc.Nr.: FHM-5-0006 Version 03; Revision 00; E Approval by: Prof. (FH) Mag. Eva Werner/ Rector (FH) Subject to modification printed version just for Information IMC University of Applied Sciences Krems Guidelines for Students - PTS Academic Board/December 2010 Table of Contents Preamble 3 1 OBJECTIVEs, FIELDS of Application and Duration of the practical training ............. 4 1.1 1.2 1.3 Objectives ................................................................................................................... 4 Fields of Application .................................................................................................... 4 Duration ...................................................................................................................... 4 Fundamental Decisions ............................................................................................... 5 Support by the IMC University of Applied Sciences ..................................................... 6 Practical Training Co-ordinator (PTS Co-ordinator) .................................................... 7 Requirements for the Practical Training ...................................................................... 8 Practical Training Contract.............................................................................................
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...| 2.2 Transfer journal entries | | √ | 2.3 Summarize ledger | | √ | 3. Prepare trial balance | 3.1 List account titles and transfer from the balance | √ | | 3.2 Summarize trial balance | √ | | 4. Prepare Financial Reports | 4.1 Prepare financial statements | √ | | 4.2 Analyze financial statements | √ | | 5. Review internal control system | 5.1 Check policy compliance | √ | | 5.2 Prepare policy compliance report | √ | | Evidences/Proof of Current Competencies Evidences of Current Competencies acquired related Job/Occupation Current Competencies | Proof/Evidence | Means of Validating | 1. Journalize Transactions | * Demonstration * Certificate of Employment | * Assessment * Authenticity | 1.1 Prepare chart of accounts | | | 1.2 Analyze documents | | | 1.3 Prepare journal entries | | | 3. Prepare trial balance | * Demonstration * Certificate of Employment | * Assessment * Authenticity | 1. List account titles and transfer from the balance | | | 2. Summarize trial balance | | | 4. Prepare Financial Reports | * Demonstration * Certificate of Employment | * Assessment * Authenticity | 4.1 Prepare financial statements | | | 4.2...
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...Course objectives understanding of the history, legal and professional framework within which an audit of financial information and systems takes place appreciation of the necessary audit techniques, judgement and practical skills as applied to both manual and computer-based systems awareness of current developments in the auditing profession, both in the UK and internationally What is an audit? Definition “A systematic process of objectively gathering and evaluating evidence in order to ascertain whether assertions about economic actions and events made by individuals or organisations correspond with established criteria and communicating the results of the examination to users of the reports in which the assertions are made.” (American Accounting Association, Statement of Basic Auditing Concepts) Auditing gathers and evaluates evidence with respect to the information created by directors and accountants. It is an evaluation process Auditor reports on the fairness of the report on use of resources and discharge of duty by the directors after critically examining the assertions it contains against; available evidence and establishing criteria for presenting the report Types of audit External audits: primarily for the benefit of shareholders and market efficiency Financial statement audits: examination of financial statements prepared by an entity’s directors for the benefit of shareholders and others Compliance audits: to determine whether an individual or entity...
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...Academic assistance is the defined as an activity for teaching available for students in all subjects including science, mathematics, management, business studies, business and law and information technology. In the academic assistance, all subject related helps is being provided to the students to meet specific subject related queries. It is defined as a tutoring practice, which provides support to the students in solving particular subject related queries. Apart from this, this makes the learning process easy for the students through providing ready to learn or tailor made notes and helps in solving specific subject problems. Basically, academic assistance is the new method of tutoring by a large number of institutions to facilitate the students in their studies. Academic assistance encompasses all types of subjects from English to Management. In the academic content development, a number of subjects such as business studies, marketing, accounting and financial management, operations management, qualitative techniques, history, science, statistics, dissertation and its proposal development, human resources and organizational behaviour are covered. In pertinent to the given subjects, academic assistance is a kind of help provided to the students in developing particular topic related subjects content. Academic assistance is not only limited to provide a notes specific to subjects, but also it covers a full helps in completing the project steps such as authentic data collection...
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...INTERNSHIP REPORT IS SUBMITTED FOR THE PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OFR BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION WITH A MAJOR OF FINANCE AND BANKING) Prepared By: MD. Rashedul Islam Metric No: B071323 Program: BBA Semester: Autumn-2010 Internship Duration: March 01-May 01, 2011 Submission Date: [pic] Department of Business Administration Faculty of Business Studies International Islamic University Chittagong “Evaluation of Foreign Exchange Operations” A Study On Shahjalal Islami Bank Ltd Khatungong Branch, Chittagong. (THIS INTERNSHIP REPORT IS SUBMITTED FOR THE PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OFR BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION WITH A MAJOR OF FINANCE AND BANKING) Supervised By: Mr. Md. Haffij Ullah Assistant Professor Department of Business Administration IIUC ……………………………. Signature of Supervisor Prepared By: Md. Rashedul Islam Metric No: B071323 Program: BBA Semester: Autumn-2010 Internship Duration: March 01-May 01, 2011 Submission Date: [pic] Department of Business Administration Faculty of Business Studies International Islamic University Chittagong Letter of Transmittal Date: To Mr. Mohammad Mahbubur Rahman Professor& Dean Faculty of Business Administration International Islamic University, Chittagong Sub: Submission of Report on Shahjalal Islami Bank Ltd. Dear Sir, Assalamu Alikum It is great and immense pleasure for me that I have the opportunity to submit the internship report on” Evaluation...
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...Introduction: This internship is a part of Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) program that provides an on the job experience to students. I was placed at NCC Bank Limited, Malibagh Branch as an internee student for three months. This internship program was my very first on the job exposure and provided me with learning experience and knowledge in several areas. During the first few weeks of my internship period, I was able to get accustomed to the working environment of NCC Bank Limited. As the internship continued, I not only learn about the activities and operation of correspondent Bank, but I also gathered some knowledge about the basic business acclivities of banking in first one month of my internship period. Generally by the word “Bank” we can easily understand that the financial institution deals with money. But there are different types of bank such as; Central Banks, Commercial Banks, Savings Banks, Investment Banks, Industrial Banks, Co operative Banks etc. But when we use the term “Bank” without any prefix, or qualification, it refers to the ‘commercial banks’. Commercial Banks are the primary contributors to the economy of a country. So we can say commercial banks are the profit makings institution that holds the deposit of individual & business in current and savings accounts and then use these funds to make loans. A company can increase efficiency through a number of steps. These include exploiting economies of scale and learning effects, adopting flexible...
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...Program) COMPULSORY COURSES MBA-II Semester-IV Sub Name: - Comprehensive Project Report – Industry Defined Problem (CP-IDP) Sub Code: - 2830004 In addition to Major Specializations, there will be over sixty Sectorial / Industry Areas for Practical studies in which theoretical papers / books are not to be taught in regular classroom sessions, but the teachers and students are free to use any available books, publications and online material to understand and guide the students for various sectors. Ideally, a teacher should study and specialize in at least TWO Sectors, so four teachers can guide 60 students in a class. (Reference: Appendix 1: List of Sectorial Areas for Comprehensive Project study given in Sem III Syllabus). This report is similar to the Grand Project, which was the part of earlier syllabus. The Comprehensive Project Report is based on the research methodology and students have to prepare the research report by using appropriate scientific statistical research tools for preparation of the CP in consultation with the faculty guide. (Please also refer the Guidelines for CP in MBA Semester III, as the same Project Title continues in Semester IV). A student has to opt for any ONE of the Sectorial Areas and study it thoroughly. The students may undertake the CP based on the selection of an Industry Defined Problem (IDP), if possible for conducting his/her Project. The work of the CP report is divided in Semester -III and Semester -IV and students have to undertake the...
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...------------------------------------------------- RELEVANT COURSES OFFERED Water and Sanitation, Population Studies, Transportation Studies, Community Mobilization, Biodiversity Conservation ------------------------------------------------- QUALIFICATION Bachelor of Art (BA). Integrated Development studies (Environment and Resource Studies) Option Senior Secondary school Certificate Examination (SSSCE) by West African Examination Council (WEAC) PROGRAM OFFERED: Social Science and General Arts ------------------------------------------------- WORK EXPERIENCE Teaching: Future Leaders International School (Wenchi) Under the National Youth Employment Program Field Worker (Enumerator): Wenchi Mutual Health Insurance Scheme (Data Collection and registration of new members) Internship: Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA) - WA U/W/R (Given intensive Training and Workshop to members as well as monitoring and Evaluation Fieldworker: Integrated Third Trimester Field Practical Program by U.D.S Under a 3 year Post Trimester Field Practical Program in community profiling, community development, and proposal writing for developmental intervention. Fieldworker: Data collection of communities with boreholes constructed under the sponsorship of World Bank and organized by TREND National Service: Municipal Health Insurance Scheme – Berekum - Job Describtion Administrative work and Secretariat Services CAREER PROFILE: To work in any reputable Organization...
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...Ethical Models/Rules/Views There are many ethical models in our lives. First, in the utilitarian or consequential rule, the system of morality concerned with what is the most useful thing to do. Utilitarian social responsibility is to maximize profits. The utilitarian primary responsibility is to operate the business in the best interests of the stockholders, whose primary concerns are financial. Different utilitarian approaches to morality have emerged each with their own theory of good and community of concerning individuals. When utilitarian decides to spend the organization’s resources, they add to the cost of doing business, which have to be passed on to consumers through higher prices or absorbed by stockholders through smaller expenses. In addition, in the moral rights rule, the decision maintains and protects the fundamentals or inalienable rights and privileges of the people affected by it. The managers’ responsibilities go beyond making profits to include protecting and improving stakeholders’ welfare. This view is based on the belief that corporations are not independent entities responsible only to stockholders but have an obligation to the larger society. Managers are guided by social norms and values and make practical decisions about their actions. Because this definition is often vague and can vary from person-to-person and culture-to-culture, there are many debates about what can be considered a moral right. Last, in the theory of justice or legal rule, people...
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...relationship for both mind and environment. Furthermore, generosity towards many others, as a dynamic tension inside both classical Confucianism and Daoism, can be practiced through strangification. And this generous strangification towards many others, is the source of practical value in classical Confucianism and Daoism (295). In this reading report, I will try to show my critical reflection on Professor Shen’s wisdom in Chapter 8 and 13 of his anthology. For classical Confucianism represented by Confucius, reciprocity in social relationships is the fundamental phase of...
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...implemented to address those needs, the evaluation plan is the next step in your planning process. Empowerment Evaluation Before learning how to develop an evaluation plan, it is important to look at the purpose of conducting a program evaluation and understand the type of evaluation models available. This section of the chapter introduces the empowerment evaluation model and the benefits of using this model for program development and improvement. Gutierrez (1994) defines empowerment as the “process of increasing personal, interpersonal, or political power so that individuals, families, and communities can take action to improve their situations” (p. 202). It is a state of mind of worthiness and control that results in the change of the social and power structure (Swift & Levin, 1987). DuBois and Miley (1996) assert that “empowerment presumes that people themselves should be integrally involved in the change process— from defining their situation to determining goals, selecting their course of action, and evaluating the results” (p. 27)....
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...the only NON –REACTIONARY APPROACH . BEHAVIOURAL * Biofeedback’s ‘long lasting benefits’ maybe due to the technique of biofeedback resulting in general relaxation rather than specific psychological function being controlled. Cognitive approach not only investigates the cognitive processes that induce the stressor but also helps relieve the stress through practical, applicable relaxation techniques. * A person typically learns the technique in a lab wired up to a machine (artificial) .In real life, stress does not occur in this situation. Cognitive theories help an individual cope with their stress and anxiety in a way which is transferable to their everyday life. SOCIAL SUPPORT * Social support is often already offered in an individual’s day to day life by family and peers; this proves that if the stress is not reduced via non-professional help then it is not entirely useful in combating stress and anxiety. Cognitive therapy takes a professional approach which challenges maladaptive thoughts whilst incorporating aspects of social support. * Measuring social support relies heavily on self-report measures from the person experiencing the stress, this could be subjective as highly stressed...
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...Generations University of Phoenix Joining Generations Social problems are a rather specific matter for the analysis. A problem can be explained by the fact that there is no uniform opinion among scientists as for the definition of the term, and moreover, the problems can be of various types and kinds. However, the most important point in this is that the interpretation of social problems is rather personal. This means that a problem can be important to one person and absolutely of no importance to another one. But of course, this does not mean that social problems should be interpreted and analyzed subjectively. Even vice versa, the analyst should forget his or her personal views of the problem so, that to ensure its objective analysis. Consequently, social problems should be considered with the help of the strong pieces of evidence. There are small and large social problems and in this paper one of the largest ones will be addressed. Problem The topic of my proposal is the joining of generations in all its aspects. To put it in other words, this paper will suggest a program of the solution of a social problem of lack of understanding and a huge gap that exists between the older adults and children. The problem has always been important in the human society, and nowadays it acquires special significance due to the outside factors that influence the thinking of both social groups more frequently. Among these factors, the following ones can be...
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...Social policy is an applied version of Sociology. It is primarily concerned with improving and reforming society. It focuses on studying and also influencing how governments respond to social policy. Researching social problems such as poverty for example has proven hugely popular amongst many sociologists. For there is a high chance their research will be funded by the government, aiding in this common practical problem some sociologist’s face. According to Anthony Giddens (2001), there are four practical benefits of studying sociology. One being that it helps our understanding of social situations. Factual information can be gained on society that can then be examined using theory. So the factual knowledge provides us with facts, and the theoretical understanding provides people with an explanation for these facts. For example, a series of reports by Townsend in 1979 and later Mack and Lansley showed the extent of poverty in Britain and showed groups most at risk of it. The facts they produced can be understood in relation to theory. Sociologists uncovered the extent of poverty by devising deprivation models of poverty, proving that it can be fully understood in terms of what people normally expect to have. Giddens also believes that another benefit is the awareness of cultural differences aspect. Leading to the raising of needs of minority groups in society. Over time, sociologists have built up a picture of the social and economic exclusion suffered by disabled people...
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