...Guidelines on Multicultural Education, Training, Research, Practice, and Organizational Change for Psychologists American Psychological Association Approved as APA Policy by the APA Council of Representatives, August, 2002 Copyright, American Psychological Association, 2002 Author Note: This document was approved as policy of the American Psychological Association (APA) by the APA Council of Representatives in August, 2002. This document was drafted by a joint Task Force of APA Divisions 17 (Counseling Psychology) and 45 (The Society for the Psychological Study of Ethnic Minority Issues). These guidelines have been in the process of development for 22 years, so many individuals and groups require acknowledgement. The Divisions 17/45 writing team for the present document included Nadya Fouad, PhD, Co-Chair, Patricia Arredondo, EdD, Co-Chair, Michael D’Andrea, EdD and Allen Ivey, EdD. These guidelines build on work related to multicultural counseling competencies by Division 17 (Sue et al., 1982) and the Association of Multicultural Counseling and Development (Arredondo et al., 1996; Sue, Arredondo, & McDavis, 1992). The Task Force acknowledges Allen Ivey, EdD, Thomas Parham, PhD, and Derald Wing Sue, PhD for their leadership related to the work on competencies. The Divisions 17/45 writing team for these guidelines was assisted in reviewing the relevant literature by Rod Goodyear, PhD, Jeffrey S. Mio, PhD, Ruperto (Toti) Perez, PhD, William Parham, PhD, and Derald Wing Sue...
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...Technical knowledge is all that is needed for success. b. It is not essential to have sound interpersonal skills. c. Technical skills are necessary, but insufficient alone for success. d. Effectiveness is not impacted by human behavior. e. Technical skills do not influence efficiency. (c; Easy; Interpersonal Skills; p. 5) {AACSB: Analytic Skills} What Managers Do 3. Which of the following would not be considered an organization? a. a church b. a university c. a military unit d. all adults in a given community e. an elementary school (d; Moderate; Organization; p. 6) {AACSB: Analytic Skills} 4. Which of the following is best defined as a consciously coordinated social unit, composed of two or more people, which functions on a relatively continuous basis to achieve a common goal or set of goals? a. party b. unit c. team d. community e. organization (e; Easy; Organization; p. 6) 5. Which of...
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...Running head: The Construction of a Developmental Game Part II: The Construction of a Developmental Game Appropriate for Adults: A Slide Presentation With Accompanying Notes Part II: The Construction of a Developmental Game Appropriate for Adults: A Slide Presentation With Accompanying Notes Rationale for Part II Project Application As an instructor, this writer is charged with the responsibility of challenging students to strengthen critical thinking skills while developing an understanding of course material. College students taking an adult development course are expected to apply critical thinking skills when studying developmental theory and research. This requires that they examine their own assumptions and discern their hidden values. In addition, critical thinking involves their evaluation of evidence and the assessment of conclusions. An important aspect of such a scientific approach is the attitude of humility. Critical thinking requires the humble scrutiny of competing ideas. Students must understand that they may have to reject their own preconceptions (Myers, 2004). One must acknowledge the potentially biasing effects of preconceived ideas. Such ideas can evolve from a number of sources including culture and environment. In contemporary American culture, some regard the aging process view as being undesirable. For them, the term old connotes an inevitable future involving physical frailty, narrow-mindedness...
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...Potential Problems 7 7. Educational Reflection 8 8. Personal Competencies 8 10. Theories Identity Formation 9 11. Action Plan 10 12. References 11 13. Annotated Bibliography 12 In Espiritu (1992) as the United States becomes an increasingly diverse society, the need for understanding the psychological impact of the immigrant and second-generation experience increases. This understanding is crucial for two distinct reasons: first, it will help understand American society as it evolves and changes, and second, it will help understand ethnic communities, families, and individuals more intimately. For the fields of human services this knowledge will provide effective social services to acculturating populations (p.36). According to Lee (1996)...
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...disciplines in Psychology, including Cross Cultural Psychology, for theory development, theory testing and to test theories against other theories. Also, research is a way to test ideas and hypothesis about different cultures related to specific concepts and trends gender, immigration attitudes, and comparative research compares different cultures to determine how they differ and/or are similar on such concepts as gender issues, child rearing, cognition, attitudes, etc. as they relate to culture. That is cross-cultural relative study and additional kinds of study can be concerned in the methods in which culture and correlated ideas for instance ethnicity influences the behavior and thinking of human being also how human being behavior and believe explain and reveal phases of an individual culture. Research builds the knowledge base for cross cultural psychology and investigates and tests the major trends in the field. Research investigates different cultures on a number of domains in Cross-Cultural Psychology. Certain trends or domains are prevalent in the field of cross cultural psychology including evolution and biology, awareness and reasoning, morals and outlooks, social psychology, behavior in culture, therapy and mental health, gender issues, parenting and human development, cultural change and ethnic psychology, also work and structural psychology. Additional trends consist of collectivism and individualism, towards common characteristics and original psychologies (Kagitcibasi...
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...real-world problems and the solutions it suggests for such problems. The essential characteristics of the theory as well as the continued relevance are also evaluated for the purpose of analyzing the validity of the theory as well as its accuracy. Bicultural identity integration is determined by such factors like personality, social environment, political, economic and historical context. The current status of an individual’s cultural group may influence the range of that individual’s bicultural identity integration. Keywords: Bicultural identity, biculturalism, culture, personality, psychology. Cultural Influences on Personality and Bicultural Identity by Veronica Benet-Martínez Personality psychology is generally a branch of psychology which is involved with the student of personality and how it varies among different individuals. Personality is a set of characteristics that a person possesses and that have the ability to uniquely influence the person’senvironment, emotions, behaviors and motivations. In humans, personality is generally made up of the outlines of the individual’s characteristics including thoughts, feelings, behaviors and social adjustments and this influence the individuals’ expectations, values, self-perception and attitudes. Personality also can predict how an individual is likely to react to other people, stress and also...
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...The Dangers of Sexual Misconduct in the Field of Psychology Abstract The issues of sexual misconduct by individuals in the helping professions like psychology, where clinicians have direct contact and care with clients, has evolved over the years. The issues of dual-relationships with client and therapist, risk factors, and consequences that can happen when this happens and client based inappropriate behaviors that are directed toward clinicians will be addressed. These behaviors have created concern over the past two decades, some of the research completed on this issue in the form of surveys will be discussed. Codes of ethics and standards and a number of other factors that can be seen as unique in the helping professions due to working closely with clients will be addressed. Factors unique to the healthcare industry contribute to this problem and how personal biases, beliefs, and values will influence the current and future guidelines in the field of psychology and a future career in this field. The Dangers of Sexual Misconduct in the Field of Psychology The field of psychology for individuals who work directly with clients creates dynamics that can foster an environment for sexual harassment and other types of harassment in the form of intimidation or abuse of power. Professional counselors are entrusted to protect the welfare of their clients, if sexual conduct in the form of dual relationship or abuse of power occurs during these client therapist relationships...
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...Abstract The most prevalent female sexual dysfunction by women is arousal and orgasm. Many women have encountered orgasmic disorder their whole life. It is known as Female Orgasmic Disorder (Ohl, 2007). Female Orgasmic Disorder is one of the female sexual disorders, affecting 22-28 percent of female women (Zakhari, 2009). It is defined as a persistent or recurrent delay or an absence of orgasm during normal sexual activity marked by distress over the lifespan (Ohl, 2007). This paper will demonstrate Counseling Plan a woman who was referred by her gynecologist for counseling because she has never experienced an orgasm. It will include assessment of the dynamics of the couple’s relationship as well as issues regarding their sexual functioning, possible sexual dysfunction within the framework of the sexual response cycle, sexual normality as well as a evidence-based counseling interventions grounded through research and treatment plan with ethical considerations. . Table of Contents Abstract 2 Case Study: Michelle and Tom 5 Assessment of Sexual Issues 6 Biological Assessment of Sexuality 6 Cultural Assessment of Sexuality 6 Religious Assessment of Sexuality 7 Psychological Assessment of Sexuality 8 Assessment of Dynamics of the Relationship 8 Family and Couples 8 Diagnostic and Multi-Axial Impressions 9 Diagnostic 9 Multi-Axial 10 Integration of Disorder ...
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...CHAPTER 12 Feminist Therapy Co-authored by Barbara Herlihy and Gerald Corey INTRODUCTION History and Development KEY CONCEPTS View of Human Nature Feminist Perspective on Personality Development Challenging Traditional Roles for Women Principles of Feminist Psychology THE THERAPEUTIC PROCESS Therapeutic Goals Therapist’s Function and Role Client’s Experience in Therapy Relationship Between Therapist and Client APPLICATION: Therapeutic Techniques and Procedures The Role of Assessment and Diagnosis Techniques and Strategies The Role of Men in Feminist Therapy FEMINIST THERAPY APPLIED TO THE CASE OF STAN SUMMARY AND EVALUATION Summary Contributions of Feminist Therapy Limitations and Criticisms of Feminist Therapy FEMINIST THEORY FROM A MULTICULTURAL PERSPECTIVE Contributions to Multicultural Counseling Limitations for Multicultural Counseling WHERE TO GO FROM HERE RECOMMENDED SUPPLEMENTARY READINGS REFERENCES AND SUGGESTED READINGS 340 SOME C O N TE M P O R ARY FEMINIST T H E R AP I STS Feminist therapy does not have a single founder. Rather, it has been a collective effort by many. We have selected a few individuals who have made significant contributions to feminist therapy for inclusion here, recognizing full well that many others equally influential could have appeared in this space, Feminist therapy is truly founded on a theory of inclusion. member of the board of trustees of the last two. In recent decades...
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...View of Self Television images are present for all of us in some way or form everyday of our lives. The article “Television Images: Exploring How They Affect People’s View of Self and Others” takes on an exploration of the details that form our views based on the images we watch. In a survey conducted by Graves in 1999 it revealed that children watch almost three hours of television per day (Alexandrin, 2009, p. 150). The article details that there are often both perceptions and misperceptions of ones views based on the content of television one watches. Images about others are often formed based on the idea on ones biases in the programs watched. The article uses race as one aspect of bias that is created from the television medium. In a sample of primetime television it found that the majority of television characters were 80 percent white and only 20 percent were of a different ethic culture (Alexandrin, 2009, p. 151). In television commercials the numbers were 86 percent white and 14 percent were of a different ethnic culture (Alexandrin, 2009, p. 151). The dichotomy of black Americans on television leads to two main characterizations: 1) educated and successful or 2) poor and criminal (Alexandrin, 2009, p. 151). This has shown to have an effect on children watching in the belief that there if a dominate positive model character is missing or invisible then the child will have a resultant low self esteem (Alexandrin, 2009, p. 151). In recent television the number of...
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...2 Understanding Diversity in the Classroom CHAPTER LEARNING GOALS After you study this chapter, you will be able to: 1. Explain the importance of understanding classroom diversity. 2. Explain the different group and individual sources of diversity. 3. Describe approaches to teaching in culturally and linguistically diverse classrooms. 4. Explain the provisions of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. 5. Explain the characteristics of students with exceptionalities. 6. Describe the role of the teacher in the inclusive classroom. Imagine You Are the Teacher It Is The First Teaching year at Lincoln Elementary School for Ms. Branson. She has 30 fifth-graders of whom 13 are girls and 17 are boys, 12 participate in the free and reduced lunch program, 5 are English language learners, and 4 have individualized education programs (IEPs). As she plans her lesson on paragraph writing, she is trying to keep the special needs of each of her students in mind. Because Jessica has a hearing impairment, Ms. Branson decides to make a written outline that includes the important parts of a paragraph and examples of good and bad paragraphs. She also decides to go over the outline several times because Fred and Alex have a reading disability. In her plan, there is also a note to herself to find a bigger pencil and wide-lined paper for Suzy, who requires these modifications according to her IEP. Based on past writing experiences, she expects Monica to finish writing her paragraph...
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...Ethical decisions are a hard process and the decision is not always easy when making them. When making ethical decisions it is good to collaborate with other professionals. Counselors, social workers, and psychologist play a certain role in helping clients. Clients expect the best care from clinicians and expect that clinicians. Clinicians need to understand that they need to not imposed their own values, when making the correct ethical dilemmas. Clinicians need to look at the whole client when making an ethical decision. For example, the clinician needs to look at the client’s whole multicultural perspective when making those ethical decisions. Counselors need to look at an ethical decision making model, when making the hard ethical...
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...this assignment will critically explore the relevance and the application of the concept of wellbeing within my organisational setting. My organisational setting is a Further Education College based in Cardiff, South Wales. My role in this institution is to deliver education and training in the vocational trade of plastering. Cardiff is now a diverse and multicultural city and many of the students that attend our college evolve from different social, economic and religious backgrounds as well as having variable capabilities. As a provider of education and training, it is important that we implement policies and procedures that meet the needs of the community by promoting inclusion and addressing inequalities. Every student is treated as an individual and we strive to eliminate discrimination and overcome the disadvantages that exist in society these days that have treated some groups less favourably than others. My duty as an educator is to provide my learners with a positive learning environment and to support their wellbeing by providing challenging, interactive and good quality learning experiences. Wellbeing The psychology of wellbeing has been studied since the times of Aristotle, for two millennia, man has sought the highest good for himself, happiness. The notion of happiness remains vague and multifarious, yet every human being searches for it. However, how to define and obtain happiness has and continues to be a widely debated issue. In Nichomachean Ethics, Aristotle...
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...Caucus groups, independent groups of Xerox employees dating from the 1960s, play an important role in our diversity story. These caucuses, similar to networking and affinity groups, are instrumental in advocating openness, opportunity and inclusion for the entire Xerox community. They work with management to achieve common business objectives, self-advocacy and to create an environment of inclusion. Six caucus groups currently exist to address the concerns and meet the needs of employees who are African-American, Hispanic, Asian, women, African-American women, gay, lesbian, transgender and bisexual. Through executive roundtables, our CEO and other senior leaders meet with diverse teams of Xerox employees, often representing one of our caucus groups. During these informal sessions, participants share their views on Xerox’s work environment and business concerns, and identify actionable items for discussion with Xerox’s senior team. The process ensures that the executive leadership team and the CEO are working together to resABSTRACT. Currently, an increasing number of organizations are attempting to enhance inclusiveness of under represented individuals through proactive efforts to manage their diversity. In this article, we define diversity management against the backdrop of its predecessor, affirmative action. Next, selected examples of organizations that have experienced specific positive bottom line results from diversity management strategies are discussed. The...
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...[Title Here, up to 12 Words, on One to Two Lines] Annotated Biography Learning Team D University of Phoenix Differently Abled Stephen, F. G., & Depoy, E. (2000). Multiculturalism and disability: A critical perspective. Disability & Society, 15(2), 207. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/195768418?accountid=458 This article talks about persons with disabilities and how they relate to people in society. It refers to how differently abled people have a sense of belonging and wanting to have their own identity outside of the medical diagnosis. They do not want to be referred to or defined by the limits of the diagnosis of their condition. Defining persons with disabilities as a culture gives them their own kind of language, a community and identity. Disadvantages are putting limits on the culture and persons and also setting up discriminations against people with disabilities by people with disabilities. Shrivastava, S., Shrivastava, P., & Ramasamy, J. (2015). Exploring the scope of community-based rehabilitation in ensuring the holistic development of differently-abled people. African Health Sciences, 15(1), 278-280. doi:10.4314/ahs.v15i1.36 1. This article talks about how community based rehabilitation is going to improve rehab services for the disabled population. Also touches on how this population is a sensitive population and it takes careful planning and carrying out of services to be successful. Native American Verbos...
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