...Sociology Sociology Perspectives Functionalist; This is where the group is made up of lots of separate institutions. They believe that for a society to work they all have to work together as a whole, for example, the organs in a body had to work together for the body to work itself. Their beliefs in the working of the education system is such one, that each stage leads/prepares you for the next one e.g. nursery – primary school – comp school – college – work. They have a structuralist theory. “The functionalist view is that illness has a social consequence and must be swiftly dealt with, where possible, for the smooth running of society” (Billingham, 2007, p.350) Marxist; The approach of these people is biased on the social class of society, they believe that there are two roles of people, the bosses (bourgeoisie) and the worker (proletariat). They feel that they can exploit the worker as much as possible because they individually cannot make an impact on a whole. They difference is great between a boss and a worker because the boss controls the within working times. “Their job is to provide the company with a healthy workforce. In addition, the government allows companies to make profits from products that cause ill health, for example, tobacco and junk food.” (Billingham, 2007, p.351) Interactionist; This approach is the complete opposite to the Marxist way of looking at the society as a whole. They believe that every person has their own right to speak up and are...
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...Readings, 2013 Topics 2 and 3 – Sociological Perspectives on Health and Illness Gray, D. (2006) Health Sociology: An Australian Perspective, Sydney: Pearson (Chapter 2: Theoretical Approaches to Health and Illness). http://www.csu.edu.au/division/library/ereserve/pdf/gray-d1.pdf Topic 4 – The Australian Health Care System and Medical Dominance Allsop, J. (2006) ‘Medical Dominance in a Changing World: The UK Case’, Health Sociology Review, 15(5): 444-457. http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/docview/203159309/1366604FAEF6B748988/5?accountid=10344 Benoit, C., Zadoroznyj, M., Hallgrimsdottir, H., Treloar, A. and Taylor, K. (2010) ‘Medical Dominance and Neoliberalisation in Maternal Care Provision: The Evidence from Canda and Australia, Social Science and Medicine, 71: 475-481. http://ac.els-cdn.com.ezproxy.csu.edu.au/S027795361000314X/1-s2.0-S027795361000314X-main.pdf?_tid=f431c118-1bdd-11e2-8e5b-00000aab0f26&acdnat=1350865267_a1391f139d0114a9d79046d28e270495 Topic 5 – Healthcare Workers: Nursing and Allied Health Speed, S. and Luker, K.A. (2006) ‘Getting a Visit: How District Nurses and General Practitioners “Organise” Each Other in Primary Care’, Sociology of Health and Illness, 28(7): 883-902. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-9566.2006.00511.x/pdf Di Luzio, G. (2008) ‘Medical Dominance and Strategic Action: The Fields of Nursing and Psychotherapy in the German Health Care System, Sociology of Health and Illness, 30(7): 1022-1038. http://onlinelibrary...
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...What is Functionalism? Functionalism is one of the major proposals that have been offered as solutions to the mind/body problem. Solutions to the mind/body problem usually try to answer questions such as: What is the ultimate nature of the mental? At the most general level, what makes a mental state mental? Or more specifically, What do thoughts have in common in virtue of which they are thoughts? That is, what makes a thought a thought? What makes a pain a pain? Cartesian Dualism said the ultimate nature of the mental was to be found in a special mental substance. Behaviorism identified mental states with behavioral dispositions; physicalism in its most influential version identifies mental states with brain states. Functionalism says that mental states are constituted by their causal relations to one another and to sensory inputs and behavioral outputs. Functionalism is one of the major theoretical developments of Twentieth Century analytic philosophy, and provides the conceptual underpinnings of much work in cognitive science. Functionalism has three distinct sources. First, Putnam and Fodor saw mental states in terms of an empirical computational theory of the mind. Second, Smart’s "topic neutral" analyses led Armstrong and Lewis to a functionalist analysis of mental concepts. Third, Wittgenstein’s idea of meaning as use led to a version of functionalism as a theory of meaning, further developed by Sellars and later Harman. One motivation behind functionalism can be...
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...In our society today, there are three theoretical perspectives that act as ways to view our lives. Symbolic Interactionism , Functional Analysis, and Conflict Theory. All of which are centered around the people they derived from who are : George Herbert Mead, Charles Horton Cooley, Robert Merton and Karl Marx. With these theories being a major part of sociology, the research that is collected to study the people in these societies should be looked at as a whole ,for, sociology comes in many forms. Symbolic Interactionism is the idea that one puts meaning to something. We attach our selves to names of certain people or things . Symbols are used to describe the relationships that we have with one another. Without symbolic Interactionism there would be no names to associate with people like a sister or brother . This also includes a teacher , an associate or a co-worker, These people may have names but they have a certain name that categorizes them into where they are related to you and how you should act towards them. Our actions towards people depend on the symbols we associate society with such as how you treat a boss compared to a sibling. Without this type of perspective there would be no way to socialize things such as the government which would mean that the most common things that are used in everyday life wouldn't be here. This theory is used describe things that are untouchable such as love, marriage or being a parent . It all goes back to how you rationalize these...
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...Micah Chrisman SOC-102 April 24, 2016 Ieisha Jones Theoretical Perspective Essay Structural functionalism is based on the idea that societies are made up of structures and functions. Structures include things like education, politics, family and economics. Functions are the what are produced by the structures; education provides learning and advancement within a society, politics provide social order, etc. These structures act like parts of a machine, each accomplishing a function to achieve harmony. However, because there are functions, there must also be dysfunctions. Dysfunctions are anything that go against the harmony of a society. The theory can be thought of like a car. Many different parts are needed for a car to function, but a number of things can go wrong before the car stops working. A car must have tires to move. If it gets a flat, it can still run, but it hurts the car and is less efficient. Dysfunctions hurt society, but unless there is a major problem, the society will continue to function. Conflict theory, as the name suggests, is a struggle for power. Karl Marx is the father of this theory. He believed that those in power will constantly oppress everyone else in order to keep their power. This theory explains discrimination within a society. At one point, white males gained power. In order to maintain this power, they oppressed the other races and women. This would allow them to keep power. Marx took this theory to all aspects of life. He saw capitalism...
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...Analysis of “Chinese Partner”from Sociology perspective The movie “Chinese Partner” tells a story about the process of three young men get together to entrepreneurs. After watching “Chinese Partner”, I observed four main sociological theories which are related to the movie. First, it is the deviance behaviors. Secondly, it is the socialization. Then comes the stratification and the last is school education. Deviance Cheng Dongqing chose to be a home tutor apart from being an English teacher in Yanyuan University. And this behavior was considered to be a deviant behavior at that time, because Yanyuan University thought teachers taught outside to earn money would cause adverse effects to school, disrupt the teaching order and did not be allowed by school. Cheng’s behavior was thought to be against with the social norm. Cheng Dongqing is a timid man, he chose to conduct deviant behavior because he wanted to earn more money to take care of his girlfriend and his family but there were too little on the legitimate means according to strain theory. From a sociology perspective, society uses social control to avoid and discourage deviance, and to pressurize individuals to follow social control. In the movie, Cheng was fired and criticized his behavior by broadcasting. Socialization In the movie, Meng Xiaojun told Cheng that everyone had a dream to go to America and then Cheng wanted to go to America as well. At that time, through the construction of social reality, people gave...
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...Definition of Sociology The subject has been looked from various points of view and now it is an opportune time to define the subject properly. According to P.A. Sorokin “sociology is a generalizing science of socio-cuitural phenomena viewed in their generic forms, types, and manifold interconnections. ” (Bierstedt, 1970. 3-28) Sociology is the scientific study of human society and social behaviour. The subject matter of sociology is huge and complex, and the knowledge produced by sociological research is still imperfect in many ways. However, it has taught us a great deal about ourselves. (RotarTson, 1977 :3) No formal definition of sociology is very satisfactory. Short definitions don’t really define; long definitions are clumsy. Yet a definition of some sort is needed, and sociology is often defined as the scientific study of human social life.. Human beings behave differently from other animals. They have unique forms of group life; they pursue customs, develop institutions, and create values. Sociology applies scientific methods to the study of these phenomena in the research for scientific knowledge. Sociology concentrates its study upon the group life of human beings and the product of their group living. (HurTon and Chester 1984: 25-27) The sociologist is especially interested in the customs, traditions, and values which emerge from group living, and in the way group living is, in turn, affected by these customs, traditions, and values. Sociology is interested in the...
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...Sociology and sociological imagination are both connected to each other; one cannot stand-alone from the other. Therefore, they go hand in hand. However, when looking at these two terms they are very different from each other. According to McGraw Hill sociology is, “the study of the relationship between the individual and society and of the consequences of difference.” Sociology mainly focuses on how other individuals affect us and even how we affect other individuals. For example, our parents and others close to us shape the way we think in one way or another. Not only our parents are part of who we are but also the world around us. Therefore, sociology specifically focuses on the influences that shape us as an individual. On the other hand, McGraw Hill stated that sociological imagination was, “an awareness of the relationship between who we are as individuals and the social forces that shape our lives.” Sociological imagination focuses more on the understanding of an individual. It is also considered a tool used in sociology. This tool allows us to see people in depth and have a better understanding of who they are. Therefore, sociology is broader in the way that it focuses on the influences; while social imagination is more focused on the individuals way of being due to the influences that surround him/her. Sociological imagination is of great importance in order for us to understand our society and individuals because as the books stated we can be the...
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...1 Sociology - Presentation Transcript 1. 1.The Sociological perspective What is Sociology? Sociology is the scientific study of human society & social behavior. 2. What is Sociology? * It focuses primarily on the influence of social relationships upon people’s attitudes and behavior and on how societies are established and change. * The ultimate aim of sociology as summed up by Samuel Koenig is “ to improve man’s adjustment to life by developing objective knowledge concerning social phenomena which can be used to deal effectively with social problems.” 3. The Sociological Perspective * 1. The sociological perspective is important because it provides a different way of looking at familiar worlds. It allows us to gain a new vision of social life. * 2. This perspective stresses the broader social context of behavior by looking at individuals’ social location, employment, income, education, gender, age, and race –and by considering external influences –people’s experiences –which are internalized and become part of a person’s thinking and motivations. (cont…) 4. * We are able to see the links between what people do and the social settings that shape their behavior. * 3. The sociological perspective enables us to analyze and understand both the forces that contribute to the emergence and growth of the global village and our unique experiences in our own smaller corners of this village. 5. Subject Matter of...
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...Chapter 1: Understanding Sociology Multiple Choice 1. Which of the following was the main concern of Kelsey Timmerman in his book Where Am I Wearing? A. why people wear different styles in different locales B. differences in fashion across cultures C. the people who make our clothing D. pirating in the fashion industry Answer: C Type: I 2. The scientific study of social behavior and human groups is known as A. psychology. B. political science. C. anthropology. D. sociology. Answer: D Type: D 3. Sociology A. is the scientific study of social behavior and human groups. B. focuses primarily on how social relationships influence people’s behavior. C. focuses on how societies develop and change. D. all of these Answer: D Type: D 4. The awareness that allows people to comprehend the link between their immediate, personal social settings and the remote, impersonal social world is called A. the sociological imagination. B. anthropology. C. a theory. D. verstehen. Answer: A Type: D 5. ____________ is most closely associated with the concept of the sociological imagination. A. Émile Durkheim B. Max Weber C. Karl Marx D. C. Wright Mills Answer: D Type: S 6. A key element in the sociological imagination is the ability to view one’s own society ...
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...SCHOOL OF BUSINESS, MANAGEMENT AND LAW Module Information Pack Module Name: Sociology of Work Module Code: HRMT 3204 Academic Year: 2014/2015 A. Module Convenor Name: Mr. Harish FHOOBLALL E-mail: harishlall@yahoo.com / harishfhooblall@gmail.com B. Module Coordinator: C. Programme Coordinator: Mr Needesh Ramphul, Senior Lecturer D. Credits: 3 Credits E. Teaching and Learning Strategies: Lectures/Tutorials/Practicals/Seminars /etc. F. Method of Delivery & frequency of Class Lectures: 15 x 2-hours sessions Self learning plus tutorial: 15x 1 hour session Total: 45 hours G. Student Progress and Assessment: 30%: Continuous Assessment: (class test/assignments) 70%: Examination Total: 100% H. Summary of Module Content: This course will cover the following topics: Critical examination of changing nature of work in Mauritius (agriculture to manufacturing, service), changes in variety and pattern of employment relation, hours of work, patterns of reward and remuneration; employee representation and forms of employee participation; effects of social, demographic and macroeconomics forces such industrialisation and technological advances on labour market, gender and ethnicity, patterns of education and skill formation, globalisation etc.; families’ adaptation to these changes; future shape of employment in Mauritius. I. Module Aim(s): To familiarise students with basic sociological concepts and perspectives on work and develop their analytical abilities so as to better understand the...
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...Homework#1: What is Sociology? For your first homework assignment, I want you to think about the discipline of sociology, and how acquiring a sociological perspective can be useful, even if you do not major in sociology. Your response should be uploaded to Blackboard using the "view/complete" link at the bottom of this prompt no later than 11:59pm on WEDNESDAY, October 29th. Respond to each of the 'prompts' in bold (there are six--Path 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and "Why Sociology?"). Watch this brief video featuring NKU sociology students describing how the discipline of sociology has pushed them to think sociologically about the world around them, and how the sociological perspective is benefitting them in their careers. Watch the (11 minute) video, and write a brief response (described below). The video can be accessed here: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sj9POR7YTww&feature=youtu.bev NOTE: If clicking the link does not work, try to copy and paste the link into a web browser. THE ASSIGNMENT The video describes five ‘paths’ towards the creation of knowledge in sociology, and concludes with a description of why students might study sociology. As you watch the video, pay attention to the questions related to each path/topic (listed below). For each item, write a short (~1 paragraph) response that addresses the question(s). NOTE: There are no ‘right’ or ‘wrong’ answers. The purpose of this assignment is to get you started in thinking about the discipline of sociology and what sociologists...
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...through which to view the human experience. Over the course of the semester, we were instructed to watch two films. “Food Inc.”, a harsh look inside America’s corporate controlled food Industry, while “The Vernon John’s Story: The Road to Freedom” is a film that portrays the inspirational story of Martin Luther King Jrs’ successor as he interminably campaigns for Civil Rights. While seemingly different themes, each film portrays two issues important in sociology. After all, sociology can be defined as the scientific study of human social behavior and its origins, development, and organizations. Sociologists use many ways to analyze subjects from a sociological perspective. These ways are known today as the symbolic interactionist perspective, the functionalist perspective, and the conflict perspective. Each perspective uniquely conceptualizes society, social forces, and human behavior. The purpose of this essay is not so much as to narrate each film but rather to illustrate a better understanding for three commonly misunderstood perspectives. Although a daily occurrence, the consumption of food can also be associated with important moments in our lives. In the context of society, our nation’s food system is at the core of numerous social movements, political issues, and economic debates. After watching “Food Inc.”, we see that any of these factors in particular may become a topic of a sociological study. A functionalist approach to the topic of food consumption might be interested...
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...Sociology = the scientific study of society and human nature I. What are the two components of the sociological perspective (imagination) and why are both elements essential? a. b. II. What is social location? a. III. What is the role of tradition vs. science in the origins of sociology and what is the scientific method? a. b. IV. Who was credited as the founder of sociology? What was he known for? a. b. V. Who was known for Social Darwinism and what is it? a. b. VI. How did Comte and Spencer differ? a. VII. Karl Marx believed that societal problems were a result of class conflict. What is class conflict? a. Class Conflict- i. bourgeoisie- ii. proletariat- VIII. What did Max Weber believe and how did he and Marx differ? a. IX. Explain Emile Durkheim’s following contributions to sociology? a. In reference to the discipline of sociology: b. Social facts or forces (patterns of behavior): c. Social integration: X. What was the role of women in early sociology and who were the key women figures (and their contributions)? a. b. c. XI. Explain racism in early sociology and the role of W.E.B.Du Bois? a. b. XII....
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...------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Importance of sociologyTop of Form Bottom of Form A sociological look at the world provides a number of unique benefits and perspectives. Sociology provides an understanding of social issues and patterns of behavior. It helps us identify the social rules that govern our lives. Sociologists study how these rules are created, maintained, changed, passed between generations, and shared between people living in various parts of the world. They also study what happens when these rules are broken. Sociology helps us understand the workings of the social systems within which we live our lives. Sociologists put our interactions with others into a social context. This means they look not only at behaviors and relationships, but also how the larger world we live in influences these things. Social structures (the way society is organized around the regulated ways people interrelate and organize social life) and social processes (the way society operates) are at work shaping our lives in ways that often go unrecognized. Because of this perspective, sociologists will often say that, as individuals, we are social products. Even though we recognize their existence, these structures and processes may “appear to people in the course of daily life as through a mysterious fog” (Lemert 2001, 6). Sociologists strive to bring these things out of the...
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