...Anthropology 6-1-2004 An Integrated Analysis of Pre-Hispanic Mortuary Practices: A Middle Sicán Case Study Izumi Shimada Southern Illinois University Carbondale Ken-ichi Shinoda National Science Museum, Tokyo Julie Farnum Montclair State University Robert Corruccini Southern Illinois University Carbondale Hirokatsu Watanabe Terra Information Engineering Company Follow this and additional works at: http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/anthro_pubs © 2004 by The Wenner‐Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research Published in Current Anthropology, Vol. 45, No. 3 ( June 2004) at 10.1086/382249 Recommended Citation Shimada, Izumi; Shinoda, Ken-ichi; Farnum, Julie; Corruccini, Robert; and Watanabe, Hirokatsu, "An Integrated Analysis of PreHispanic Mortuary Practices: A Middle Sicán Case Study" (2004). Publications. Paper 8. http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/anthro_pubs/8 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Anthropology at OpenSIUC. It has been accepted for inclusion in Publications by an authorized administrator of OpenSIUC. For more information, please contact jnabe@lib.siu.edu. C u r r e n t A n t h r o p o l o g y Volume 45, Number 3, June 2004 2004 by The Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research. All rights reserved 0011-3204/2004/4503-0004$3.00 An Integrated Analysis of PreHispanic Mortuary Practices A Middle Sican Case Study1 ´ by Izumi Shimada, Ken-ichi Shinoda, Julie Farnum, Robert Corruccini, and Hirokatsu Watanabe ...
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...CONTINU!TY AND CHANGE 1 To the memory of Kudzi :l Studies in African Archaeology 13 CONTINUITY AND CHANGE An archaeologica/ study af farming communities in northern Zimbabwe AD by Gilbert Pwiti 500-1700 Uppsala 1996 Doctoral thesis at Uppsala University 1996 Printed with the aid of grants from Uppsala U niversity and the Swedish Intemational Development Cooperation Agency (Sida)/Department for Research Cooperation (SAREC) ABSTRACT Pwiti, G. 1996. Continuity and Change: an archaeological study of fanning communities in northern Zimbabwe AD 500-1700. Studies in African Archaeology 13, Uppsala, 180 pp, 43 figs, 21 plates ISSN 0284-5040, ISBN 91-506-1159-3. Ulls thesis addresses two main questions about the iron-using farming communities in northem Zimbabwe: when did they become established and how - - ::: ____( ' \' ,_ ,,, ___ Eo z~---- Figure 25. Mutota site plan. 81 \ : "' 0 0 "' \j I ~-· -~ o ~----·· "' \ \ N // Figure 26. Matusadona site plan. y 0 I affinities with that recovered from both Great Zimbabwe and Khami. Copper objects, the most common being wound bangles and copper beads were also recovered. In addition, ivory bangles were recovered (Plate 20). Glass beads A total of 120 glass beads of different colours were recovered mostly from the midden. Their classification is summarised in Table 1la. Despite the occurrence of fragments of moulded dhaka showing house...
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...__________________________________________________________________________________________ LONDON VICTORIA STATION an analysis of the spatial complexity of the railway concourse. SHRUTI S SHETTY Advanced Architectural Studies University College London, UK. ABSTRACT With the development of the railways, the identity of the railway concourse has changed over the last century. The design of railways stations is one of the most challenging practices and the concourse design must provide for large fluid spaces to facilitate rapid movement. In addition to these, the modern station demands much more from a railway concourse. The National Rail has chalked out the key requirements for every station with Security, Information, Navigation and Facilities as one of the few Basic needs followed by Higher-level needs such as Retail and Catering. In the life of all cities, the railway station plays an important role in the day-to-day life of its citizens and thereby a constant effort has been made to keep up with increasing requirements of the concourse yet maintaining the fluidity of spaces. This report discusses the effect of a concourse layout and its relation with the urban context on the process of ‘navigation’ and ‘way finding’ in the system. Another aspect of railways stations is the way it fits into the urban system which determines the nature of the concourse and the way people interact with the space. Liverpool street station gives an impression of it being an enclosed...
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...Fairtrade and the impact on farmers’ lives Abstract Fairtrade is an organisation with the aim of improving the livelihoods of farmers from developing countries in order to support equality among people. The business is however often in the critique for procedures that are either not helpful for their farmers or even harm the market as a whole. This paper aims at analysing the Fairtrade standards as well as evidence from the literature with regard to the actual impact of the system. The results show that the standards set by Fairtrade are actually fair for their farmers, however a lack of transparency and traceability hinders their proper implementation. Furthermore, Fairtrade standards appear to have even negative effects on farmers that are not part of their organisation caused by rough price competitions as well as on the society as a whole since it hinders an autonomous development of the poor nations. Key Words: Fair Trade, Standards, Developing countries, Livelihood 1 1. Introduction The rising globalization has brought a lot of opportunities to developing countries since their agricultural products can now easily be purchased from all over the world. Due to poor economic, social and political conditions, their producers are however often underpaid and treated badly, while major corporations make the most profit out of it. While moral concerns about the origin of products are arising more and more within the last centuries in the western world, the...
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...“Discuss the view that the impact of earthquake hazards depends primarily on human factors (40)”. I agree to some extent about the statement above and that human factors can affect the impact of an earthquake hazard. A hazard is an object or process that has the potential to cause harm. Ground shaking, ground displacement and flooding are some of the hazards that are produced during an earthquake. In relation to the question above the type and severity of the impact can be affected by physical factors (such as the magnitude and frequency of the quake) as well as human factors (population density and education). I will be discussing the question using the following case studies, Sichuan, Indonesia and L’Aquila. On the 12th May 2008 an earthquake occurred at 2:28pm in Sichuan because the pressure resulting from the Indian plate colliding with the Eurasian was sent along the Longmenshan fault line that runs through Sichuan. The earthquake lasted 120 seconds and reached 7.9 on the Richter scale, one of the deadliest to strike China in recent years and its effects were felt as far away as Taiwan, Thailand and Bangladesh. Although the area has a long history of tectonic activity, it seems it was not prepared for an event of this magnitude. With a population consisting of 87.26m people the death toll stood at nearly 70 thousand along with 374,000 people injured and 5m left homeless. Making this Chinas worst earthquake since 1976 when 240,000 people were killed in Tangshan. Even...
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...“Discuss the view that the impact of earthquake hazards depends primarily on human factors (40)”. I agree to some extent about the statement above and that human factors can affect the impact of an earthquake hazard. A hazard is an object or process that has the potential to cause harm. Ground shaking, ground displacement and flooding are some of the hazards that are produced during an earthquake. In relation to the question above the type and severity of the impact can be affected by physical factors (such as the magnitude and frequency of the quake) as well as human factors (population density and education). I will be discussing the question using the following case studies, Sichuan, Indonesia and L’Aquila. On the 12th May 2008 an earthquake occurred at 2:28pm in Sichuan because the pressure resulting from the Indian plate colliding with the Eurasian was sent along the Longmenshan fault line that runs through Sichuan. The earthquake lasted 120 seconds and reached 7.9 on the Richter scale, one of the deadliest to strike China in recent years and its effects were felt as far away as Taiwan, Thailand and Bangladesh. Although the area has a long history of tectonic activity, it seems it was not prepared for an event of this magnitude. With a population consisting of 87.26m people the death toll stood at nearly 70 thousand along with 374,000 people injured and 5m left homeless. Making this Chinas worst earthquake since 1976 when 240,000 people were killed in Tangshan. Even...
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...July 1945 in Ghana. He was the son of a police inspector and the grandson of a Presbyterian catechist and evangelist. Kwame Bediako was an outstanding African theologian of his generation. He was an ardent promoter of Bible translation into African languages. He was a man of towering intellect, but he didn’t use it to crush others, but to build them up and encourage them. After a serious illness he died on 10 June 2008. Publication. Author: Bedieko, K. Book Title: Theology and identity: The impact of culture upon Christian thought in the second century and in modern Africa. Publisher: Oxford: Regnum Books. Year of publication: (1992). 3.) Bosch, David Jacobus - South African theologian David Jacobus Bosch was born into an Afrikaner home on December 13, 1929, near the town of Kuruman in the Cape Province of South Africa. Bosch was a theologian trained in the classic, European tradition. His facility in languages (he was conversant in Afrikaans, English, German, Dutch, French, and Xhosa) enabled him to act as a bridge builder between...
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...capitalise only the first letter of the first word of a title and subtitle, the first word after a colon or a dash in the title, and proper nouns. Do not capitalise the first letter of the second word in a hyphenated compound word. Capitalise all major words in journal titles. If within the same paragraph, reference is made to the same author(s) for a second and further time(s), the year of publication is omitted in the second and further references - as long as it does not lead to confusion. Multiple publications; same author • Same author; different years Normal conventions (author, year, title, etc). • Same author; same year More than one reference by an author in the same year: these are distinguished in order of publication using a lower-case alphabetical suffix after the year of publication (eg 1988a, 1988b, 1988c, etc). The same suffix is used to distinguish that reference for the in-text citations. Order of Listing The List of References is ordered alphabetically by primary authors' surnames. • Multiple authors. o Use the sequence of authors' surnames exactly as given in the publication. The primary author, ie, major contributor, is listed first by the publisher. • Same author: o different years: list the author's references chronologically, starting with the earliest date. o same year: use an alphabetical suffix (eg 1983a, 1983b). Compiled by OpenJournals Publishing Books Single Author In-Text Example (Doss 2003) Reference List Example Doss, G., 2003, IS Project...
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...of mosque buildings in Osogbo, Osun state. To achieve the set objectives, research survey method was adopted. A total ten (10) central mosques representing 55% of the total number of central mosque buildings were selected in Osogbo. Questionnaires were used to collate opinions of custodians and users of these mosques. A succinct review of related literatures and field observations were also carried out. The analysis was carried out on the data collected from the administered questionnaires through a descriptive approach. Findings revealed that the maintenance management found in most mosques in Osun state were grossly inadequate while in some cases, were not in place. The paper concluded that mosque buildings maintenance were surrounded by lack of good management policy, use of poor quality materials and construction methods and incessant inflation rate as it affect the cost of repairs of any defective part(s). Recommendations were however given in order to alleviate the ravaging problems constantly caused by poor maintenance and these include introduction of a maintenance committee or officers which will help to ensure quick repair of defective components, provision of adequate funding and review of existing management policy. Keywords: Mosque Buildings, Maintenance, Building Performance, Osogbo INTRODUCTION Ọṣun State is an inland state in south-western Nigeria. Its capital is Osogbo. It is bounded in the...
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...Proceedings of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, Vol. 5, pp. 1673 - 1686, 2005 EVALUATION OF THE DECENTRALIZED PLANT DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM IN THE LOGISTICS OF THAI CEMENT Pairoj RAOTHANACHONKUN Graduate Student Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nagaoka University of Technology 1603-1 Kamitomioka-machi, Nagaoka, Niigata, 940-2188, Japan Fax: +81-258-47-9650 E-mail: pairoj@stn.nagaokaut.ac.jp Shinya HANAOKA Assistant Professor Transportation Engineering School of Civil Engineering Asian Institute of Technology P.O. Box 4, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand Fax: +66-2-524-5509 E-mail: hanaoka@ait.ac.th Abstract: Siam Cement Public Company Limited (SCC) faced stiff competition after the economic crisis in 1997, decided to close most of their warehouses for the change of logistics system. SCC presently operates five cement plants located whole regions in Thailand with except of the northeast region where three warehouses are still operated. This plant distribution system can be called the decentralized plant distribution system. Which plant distribution system is more efficient for SCC as the logistics strategy between centralized and decentralized? Based on this background, total logistics costs of both systems are formulated and calculated. In addition, the locations of a single warehouse without plant operation are evaluated using linear programming to minimize total logistics costs, which calculated with and without environmental cost...
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...HARVARD Reference Style Guide an g ro eh n sa y caxe )sno a ouq ...llllaniiiigiiiiro ehtt niiii sa yllllttcaxe )snoiiiittttattttouq . an g ro ehtt n sa y ttcaxe )sno a ouq an g ro eh n sa y caxe )sno a ouq cer d ro seog os a s h dna( denrecnoc era " aro vaheb" "ro vaheb" sa hcus sdrow o gn eps eh sa ra sa( reve ahw e c ra na koob a o e eh "ypoc" esae P se oN cer d ro seog os a s h dna( denrecnoc era " aro vaheb" "ro vaheb" sa hcus sdrow o gn eps eh sa ra sa( reve ahw e c ra na koob a o e eh "ypoc" esae P se oN ttttceriiiid roffff seog oslllla siiiihtttt dna( denrecnoc era "llllaroiiiivaheb"////"roiiiivaheb" sa hcus sdrow ffffo gniiiilllllllleps ehtttt sa raffff sa( revettttahw////ellllciiiittttra na////koob a ffffo ellllttttiiiitttt ehtttt "ypoc" esaellllP ::::settttoN cer d ro seog os a s h dna( denrecnoc era " aro vaheb" "ro vaheb" sa hcus sdrow o gn eps eh sa ra sa( reve ahw e c ra na koob a o e eh "ypoc" esae P se oN • • • • Order of Listing The List of References is ordered alphabetically by primary authors' surnames. • Multiple authors. o Use the sequence of authors' surnames exactly as given in the publication. The primary author, ie, major contributor, is listed first by the publisher. • Same author: o different years: list the author's references chronologically, starting with the earliest date. o same year: use an alphabetical suffix (eg 1983a, 1983b). Compiled by OpenJournals Publishing When referring to any work that is NOT a journal, such as a book, article...
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...Hispanic and Latino Diversity Hispanics, or Latinos, are a very wide and diverse ethnic group. Many misunderstand how diverse Hispanics actually are. Out of all the groups included in the ethnic group term Hispanic, there are four that stand out the most. . Mexican Americans, Central and South Americans Puerto Ricans, and Cuban Americans are the four largest Hispanic ethnic groups respectively. These four diverse groups are very different, though somewhat similar in many aspects. One can see the many unique differences of these four groups when viewing the linguistic, political, social, economic, religious, and familial statuses. Out of all of the four groups, Mexicans are the most widely known to most any American. According to Roosa, Liu, Torres, Gonzalez, Knight, and Saenz (2008), Mexican Americans are the largest Hispanic ethnic group in the United States of America. The Mexican American population consists of immigrants that just began their life in the United States and families that have been living in the United States for many years. There are some Mexican Americans that only speak Spanish and others speak English and Spanish. There are a few that speak no Spanish at all. Those who speak only Spanish tend to be immigrants just getting used to life in the United States. Racial and Ethnic Groups (n.d.) states that "As of 2002, about 23 percent of Mexican Americans are English dominant, 26 percent are bilingual, and 51 percent are Spanish dominant" (Ch. 9, p. 241). Mexican...
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...This article was downloaded by: [Tsinghua University] On: 19 March 2014, At: 22:22 Publisher: Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK The Journal of Peasant Studies Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/fjps20 Land grabbing in Latin America and the Caribbean Saturnino M. Borras Jr. , Jennifer C. Franco , Sergio Gómez , Cristóbal Kay & Max Spoor Published online: 28 May 2012. To cite this article: Saturnino M. Borras Jr. , Jennifer C. Franco , Sergio Gómez , Cristóbal Kay & Max Spoor (2012) Land grabbing in Latin America and the Caribbean, The Journal of Peasant Studies, 39:3-4, 845-872, DOI: 10.1080/03066150.2012.679931 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03066150.2012.679931 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the “Content”) contained in the publications on our platform. However, Taylor & Francis, our agents, and our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the Content. Any opinions and views expressed in this publication are the opinions and views of the authors, and are not the views of or endorsed by Taylor & Francis. The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently...
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...WO R LD G O L D CO U NCI L UTILISATION OF BORROWED GOLD BY THE MINING INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT AND FUTURE PROSPECTS Ian Cox, Ian Emsley Research Study No. 18 UTILISATION OF BORROWED GOLD BY THE MINING INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT AND FUTURE PROSPECTS Ian Cox, Ian Emsley Research Study No. 18 April 1998 WO R LD G O L D CO U NCI L 2 CONTENTS The Authors..............................................................................................................4 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................5 Foreword ..................................................................................................................6 Introduction..............................................................................................................8 Summary ..................................................................................................................9 Part One The Growth in Mine Utilisation of Borrowed Gold ........................................11 The Case for Hedging ..........................................................................................15 Hedging Instruments – Their Development and Usage ................................19 Australia ................................................................................................................21 North America ..................................................................................................
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...Dublin: Oak Tree Press.Drucker, P. (1999) Management Challenges for the 21st Century. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann.Fitzgibbon, M. and Kelly, A. (1997) From Maestro to Manager, Critical Issues in Arts and Cultural Management. Dublin: Oak Tree Press.Handy, C. (1998) Understanding Organisations. London: Penguin.Hudson, M. (1999) Managing without Profit: The Art of Managing Third-Sector Organizations. London: Directory of Social Change (DSC). | 2 | From Vision to Mission | Brighton, A (2006) Consumed by the political in Culture Vulture M. Mirza, London: Policy Exchange. Varbanova, L. (2013) Strategic Thinking: Vision, Mission and Objectives in Strategic Management in the Arts, London: Routledge, pp 58-72 | 3 | Money: Financial Management and Fundraising | Glow (2010) Taking a Critical Approach to Arts Management in Asia-Pacific Journal of Arts and Cultural Management, Vol. 7, No. 2, Australia: University of South AustraliaMcRobbie, A. (2001) 'Everyone is Creative': Artists as New Economy Pioneers?, London: openDemocracyBolton, M. and Carrington, D. (2007) New and Alternative Financial Instruments. UK: Mission, Models Money | Additional ReadingArts Council England. (2007) Call it a Tenner: The Role of Pricing in the Arts. Research Report. (http://www.artscouncil.org.uk/publications/publication_detail.php?browse=recent&id=594)Bertelli, A. et all (2013): Politics, management, and the allocation of arts funding: evidence from public support for the arts in the UK, InternationalJournal...
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