...FIJACIÓN DE PRECIOS: ¿Qué es el precio? El precio por definición, es el capital requerido para la adquisición de un producto o servicio, por ello tiene la particularidad de que es único elemento del marketing capaz de producir ingresos y no costos. ¿Cómo se determina el precio? Para determinar el precio de un producto hay que considerar diferentes variables, estratégias y componentes que lo conforman. De manera general podemos mencionar: * El producto o servicio en si mismo * Los productos complementarios * Los satisfactores de deseos ofrecidos ( valores agregados ) Una de las percepciones más importantes para el público de las bondades del producto depende directamente del precio, dado que este es entendido como un elemento fundamental de valor. Esto quiere decir que un alto valor indica que el producto tiene los beneficios potenciales que los consumidores esperan en un determinado nivel de precios. Así mismo existen diferentes factores los cuales determinan el precio de un producto, los cuales son: La demanda estimada: Se define como la demanda esperada y la frecuencia de compra Las reacciones de la competencia : conocida como guerra de precios entre productos similares, sustitutos o complementarios. El marketing: Se refiere a características de la naturaleza del producto como por ejemplo si es nuevo, su ciclo de vida, los canales, intermediarios, etc. Para que la empresa establezca una política de precios, debe de primeramente seleccionar el objetivo...
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...The Time I Failed Spanish 1 Not everyone is meant to speak a foreign language. I quickly learned I was part of that group. Spanish 1 was my catastrophic failure. Spanish 1 was not my strong point in high school. Math is more enjoyable for me. The first week or two were easy, we were learning how to say hi, goodbye, and colors. I understood that, but then when the teacher introduced grammar it was all downhill from there. All those oral tests and projects just got me overwhelmed. In school I had average grades, some classes easier than others. I guess that's with everyone though. Sports is a big part of high school for me, I played football from 9th-11th grade and now i'm doing Track/Field. With the exception of Spanish I...
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...Spanish for the Future Specific Purpose Statement: To persuade my classmates to further their knowledge of the Spanish Language and Culture by enrolling in their first Spanish class or another one. Central Idea: To make my classmates realize all the benefits of enrolling in Spanish classes. INTRODUCTION 1. Gain the attention and interest of the listener/s: (“Attention” of Monroe’s Sequence) When I was in seventh grade, I enrolled in my first Spanish class. All I thought was, “Wow this class is a pain in my butt, it is so hard, and what is the point?” After nine years of studying this language and culture, my feelings have not changed, but I have discovered “the point” of learning Spanish. 2. Reveal the topic: I understand the negative feelings that you may feel about taking a Spanish class, but being a college student is all about pushing your limits, reaching your greatest potential, and...
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...shortcomings, the lecture system will continue to be carried out because of its economic necessity and long tradition. Therefore, Daniels suggests that smaller discussion classes are supposed to be given during the first two years of college, when students need close and respective instruction, in order to improve their intelligent listening skills and creative thinking way. I am partly convinced of Daniels’ opinion. However, my personal experiences show that lectures are not exactly so redundant while small discussion classes are not really adorable. As far as I am concerned, classes respecting languages should indeed be given as small classes, instead of large lecture classes that consist of a great number of students. Take my Japanese and Spanish classes for example; these courses are exactly given as large classes. The instructors are quite fine and teach grammar earnestly but the only one thing students can do is just sit there and keep taking notes. Due to a good many students, the teachers are not able to offer discussions and activities to discover whether students completely know what they learn or not. So, the only way to test if students learn well is exams which will nevertheless easily turn out to be merely memorization....
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...small Spanish class of nine classmates. Out of 53 students from Spanish Level 2, only five of us decided to continue their spanish education; the other four were native speakers who were part of the english language acquisition program. We heard the alumni’s warnings constantly- “If you want to keep your sanity, do not take Spanish 3,” “Senor Pysher will definitely not have pity on you as a Junior,” and my favorite warning- “It’s worse than any class I’ve taken, even my APs!” However, I did not listen. I enjoyed Spanish class dearly and I was determined to continue my studies. Everyday in Spanish Level 3, I walked into a storm of irregular verb conjugations, latin american geography...
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...Hispanics Must Know Spanish When I left North Carolina a few years ago and moved to Puerto Rico, I had no idea why understanding the Spanish language as a Hispanic was so important until I moved out there. While being around many Hispanics, I discovered most of them spoke Spanish towards each other and would only speak English to someone who looked non-Hispanic. If I was a non-Hispanic and self-identified as one, knowing the Spanish language would not be considered mandatory for me. However, that is not the case. Because I look Latina and self-identify as Latina, I have been stereotyped as someone who must know Spanish. My first encounter was when I was living in Puerto Rico and stumbled across a Walgreens somewhere in Mayaguez, a woman approached me speaking in Spanish. By her tone of voice, I assumed she was asking me a question, but I did not know how to respond because I did not...
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...chapter of Spanish was easy for me to learn and understand. It became a basic review for me, although I did learn how to tell time a little better. I took two years of Spanish in high school and have some experience from visiting the Dominican Republic each summer. I also took two years of latin in high school. In past foreign language classes, I have used a variety of strategies to learn. For me, repetition works easily for me. I learn to associate Spanish words with words I am familiar with in English. Sometimes, flashcards and pictures have made it easy to learn vocabulary words. At the beginning of the semester, I was hoping to work extra hard to learn the basics of Spanish, and to be able to have simple conversations with people. Throughout chapter one, I learned how to correctly tell time. The rest of the chapter was review for my Spanish speaking abilities. I learned some interesting facts about culture in this chapter. Each week, I spent 3-4 hours studying and working on homework assignments. For quizzes, I spent an hour studying. With the exam being worth much more, I spent an hour and a half studying for the exam. I particularly liked doing the pre homework because I was introduced to what we would be learning before class, so in that case if I had any questions, the next day I could get them answered. I watched the tutorials, and did the pre-homework prior to class. It worked out best for me to do a lot of the homework in advance all at one time. The after class homework...
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...Self-Identifications vs. Ascribed Labels, Gendered Identities and Machismo. In Gloria Anzaldúa Borderlands/La Frontera, Anzaldúa builds on how Chicano Spanish is a border tongue and writes, “ [...] for people who cannot entirely identify with either standard (formal, Castilian) Spanish nor standard English, what resource is left to them but to create their own language? A language which they can connect their identity too, one capable of communicating the realities and values true to themselves -- a language with terms that are neither español ni inglés, but both. [...] because we are complex, heterogeneous people, we speak many languages.” (Anzaldúa 77) Here, Anzaldúa gets at the manifest of Language use in Chicano culture and elaborates on the various types of languages they speak such as working class Spanish, Tex-Mex Spanish, Pachuco Spanish and much more. Language itself is “ethnic marker” on the basis of cultural differences and Anzaldúa makes notice of how this culture particularly is unique in the case of their many complex tongues. Saying all Spanish is the same would create chaos, as we can see in Borderlands even native tongue from one culture can have significant differences, you can just imagine the variety of sorts of Spanish from all around the world such as contrasts between Spain Spanish to Dominican Spanish, to Guatemalan Spanish. Although they may have there similarities clumping them all together the would strip away cultural identity. Cultural identity or in other...
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...Mexican life. The Spanish conquest led to the conversion of the indigenous populations, which then led to a blending of the Catholic tradition with that of the indigenous religions. Catholicism became a part of everyday life for the populations of colonial Mexico and because Catholicism is a hierarchal religious tradition, it reinforced the pre-existing social class structure within the Spanish kingdom. The minorities continued to be excluded from certain aspects of society, including religious positions and education. Both of which were greatly influenced areas of colonial society by the Catholic Church. The church was deeply involved in most, if not all aspects of colonial Mexican life including influencing politics, education, and other local social issues. The Spanish conquest of the Americas was one of great expansion in more ways than one. The Spanish crown not only added new areas of the world to their kingdom but simultaneously spread Christianity throughout this New World. The Catholic Church, a powerful institution in its own right, with the dedicated word of European missionaries, the growth of the religion led to the conversion of much of the indigenous populations in the Americas. The missionaries built missions and had haciendas that created environments in which the Catholic religion was a fundamental incorporation of life, so as to convert the indigenous population. The missionaries also built schools and universities to educate the Spanish colonials. The University...
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...provisions that enabled powerful landowners to circumvent the law, or even use the law to sustain and further strengthen their positions in power. 1. Pre-Spanish Era - Land was not unequally distributed before the Spaniards came to the Philippines. - The notion of private property was unknown then. - The community (barangay) owned the land. 2. Spanish Period (1521-1898) - One of the major initial policies of the governorship of Legazpi was to recognize all lands in the Philippines as part of public domain regardless of local customs. - As such, the crown was at liberty to parcel out huge tracts of Philippine lands as rewards to loyal civilian and military as rewards. * In effect, communal ownership of land gradually and slowly took the backseat. * Private ownership of land was introduced. * With this arrangement, every municipal resident was given his choice of the land for cultivation, free from tax. * Large tracts of uncultivated lands not circumscribed within a given municipality were granted by the Spanish monarch to deserving Spaniards. * This kind of ownership became known as the encomienda. * The encomienda system in the Spanish colonies began as a result of a Royal Order promulgated in December of 1503. * By virtue of this Royal Order, encomiendas were granted to favor Spanish officials and clerics who were entrusted the responsibility to look after the spiritual and temporal developments of the natives in a colonized territory...
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...as food, education and weather. Puerto Rico has variety of Spanish food that make you go there. Puerto Rico’s food is one of the best reasons to visit the island. It is diverse, rich, and flavorful with a combination of rice, beans, meat and fish fried. Puerto Rico cooking is somewhat similar to both Spanish and other Hispanic cuisines. It’s is a unique blend of influences. In Puerto Rico they cook rice with beans as a weekly menu. Traditional foods remind us of who we are, what we like, and those we love. In contrast the United States has variety of food from all over the world. Their food is a combination of everything because it has a lot of different people from other countries. Also, you can find Spanish food, Italian food, Mexican food, etc. The American people adopted a style of life, so they eat a lot of junk food, so there is high percentage of fast food places. In what I seemed American people tend to eat nachos, hot dogs and cheese burger instead of eating rice with beans. The style of education in Puerto Rico based in schools. In the other hand, their education comprehensive, public schools, homeschooling and private schools most of the schools has uniforms for the students. They teach Spanish and English at schools and have some privates classes for the other language. If you are attending on any school in Puerto Rico an a teacher miss the class to class you have that time free. Also, they have gym class which help student to improve in sports. The...
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...Richard Rodriguez, there is a switch. At a young age, Rodriguez was forced by the school system to stop speaking Spanish at home and start speaking English the whole time. Although he became proficient in school, having no trouble with reading or writing in English, there was a price for this advantage Rodrigues gained. Slowly but surely, Rodriguez started to lose touch with his culture, letting it fade away like his memory of Spanish. Aria is just one example of many stories that chronicles a switch between American and Hispanic culture. One must always give, and usually this ‘give’ of the American culture is painted in a very negative light. Many Hispanic-Americans recognize what they...
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...Hispanic American Diversity NAME CLASS DATE TEACHER Hispanic American Diversity When we look at people's it's interesting to see that they are different in some ways yet alike in other ways. The people may be from different parts of the world, however, they share the same language, religious beliefs and even skin color. Some people are very protective of their cultures and become offended if you mistake their culture for a similar culture. Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans, Cuban Americans and Latinos are four groups that fit into this category. This research paper will give us an in-depth look at each group identifying their similarities and their differences. Mexico is a Latin country with a complex culture that spans different times in history. The Mexicans are proud of their country, culture and lifestyle and try to preserve it as much as possible even when they are living anywhere other than Mexico. Out of the 26.4 million Hispanics that live in America, 64% of them are Mexican Americans (Thinkquest.org). The Mexican American culture is a mixture of the Mexican culture and the American culture and often causes them to stand out. The primary influence comes from Spain while the secondary influence comes from America. Mexican Americans have strong ties to their families loving each other and taking care of each other. Honor within the family connects all the members together and loyalty without question is expected. They work hard, strive to live in...
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...and gave up communicating in Spanish quickly. Her parents determined that their children would only speak, read, and write English to fit into what they called the “Anglo Society” (Barrientos, 2011). In her younger years, Tanya herself believed that if she fit in with this society, she could escape the Spanish stereotypes. At sixteen, Tanya’s father decided to send her to Mexico to help her see that being called Mexican was not an insult but more of an honor. Tanya was reluctant to go, but when she did, she found out that she loved the environment and culture. Sending her to Mexico gave her a new sense of pride that she didn't exactly know how to sustain. The author opens the essay registering for a Spanish class for the sixth time. According to Tanya in the wake of expressing her last name, she naturally heard that snippet of delay from the other man on the telephone. She reveals how she feels when people see her or hear her last name, they automatically expect her to speak Spanish. Tanya and her family came to the United States in 1963. Immediately at the age of three both of her parents decided that their children would defy the odds of their Guatemalan culture and fit into the American society entirely. They communicated to them in English and spoke Spanish only to each other. Barrientos wanted to resist the generalizations being set on Latin individuals while in the meantime trusting them herself. Tanya claims "[To her], speaking Spanish translated into being poor (Barrientos...
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...To what extent was the revolt in the Netherlands caused by the actions and attitudes of Philip II? By 1576, Phillips religious intolerance and financial mismanagement can be seen as a major cause of the outbreak of three revolts within the Netherlands. In 1566, 1572 and 1576 the Netherlanders decided that it was time to bear arms agaised their ever absent monarch, Phillip II. The increasing spanish centralisation and subsequent decline of particularism turned the people against spanish control. However we must asses weather the decline of the traditional aristocracy, caused by a rising mercantile class was a factor that led to the rebellion. The growing dissatisfaction of the grandees certainly helped to provide leadership, however the social and economic deprivation of the lower classes, caused by Phillip II's stubborn religious policies, gave the peasants due cause to rise up. Throughout he's reign Phillip constantly made poor appointments in the Netherlands. When he made Margaret of Parma, his half sister, regent he refused to give her any actual power in the area. This made her a completely useless figure head. After her resignation Philip replaced her with the Duke of Alva. Philip said "I remit all power to you", this would therefore allow Alva to have an impact on the netherlands, however this proved to be a very negative impact. Alva introduces the 10th and 100th penny taxation which proved extremely unpopular and alienated the nation against Alva and therefore philip...
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