...Definición y origen del ensayo El ensayo consiste en la interpretación o explicación de un tema —humanístico, filosófico, político, social, cultural, deportivo, por tomar algunos ejemplos—, sin que sea necesariamente obligado usar un aparato documental, es decir, de manera libre, asistemática y con voluntad de estilo. Se trata de un acto de habla perlocutivo. Un ensayo es una obra literaria breve, de reflexion subjetiva, en la que el autor trata de una manera personal, no exhaustiva, y en la que muestra —de forma más o menos explícita— cierta voluntad de estilo. Esto último propone crear una obra literaria, no simplemente informativa. Sólo en la edad contemporánea ha llegado a alcanzar una posición central. En la actualidad está definido como género literario, debido al lenguaje muchas veces poético y cuidado que usan los autores, pero en realidad, el ensayo no siempre podrá clasificarse como tal. En ocasiones se reduce a una serie de divagaciones y elucubraciones, la mayoría de las veces de aspecto crítico, en las cuales el autor expresa sus reflexiones acerca de un tema determinado o, incluso, sin tema alguno. Ortega y Gasset lo definió como «la ciencia sin la prueba explícita». Alfonso Reyes, por otra parte, afirmó que «el ensayo es la literatura en su función ancilar» —es decir, como esclava o subalterna de algo superior—, y también lo definió como «el Centauro de los géneros». El crítico Eduardo Gómez de Baquero —más conocido como Andrenio— afirmó en 1917...
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...Trabajo en caliente Deformación a temperaturas por encima de la temperatura de recristalizacion*. El metal de trabajo se suaviza conforme la temperatura aumenta. *Aproximadamente la mitad de su punto de fusión en escala absoluta. Ventajas * La ventaja más significativa del trabajo en caliente es la capacidad de producir deformaciones plásticas sustanciales del metal. * La ductilidad del metal se incrementa significativamente. * La forma de la parte de trabajo se puede alterar significativamente se requiere menor potencia para deformar el metal. * Los metales que usualmente se fracturan en el trabajo en frío, pueden formarse en caliente * las propiedades de resistencia son generalmente isotrópicas* *Material que posee las mismas propiedades físicas en todas las direcciones Desventajas * Precisión dimensional más baja * Mayores requerimientos de energía (térmica para calentar la pieza del trabajo) * Oxidación de la superficie de trabajo * Menor duración de vida de la herramienta Trabajo en frio Formado de metales que se realiza a temperatura ambiente o ligeramente arriba. Ventajas * Proporciona mejor precisión(tolerancias más estrechas) * Mejora el acabado de la superficie * El endurecimiento por deformación aumenta la resistencia y dureza * Brinda la oportunidad de tener propiedades direccionales * Se ahorran costos * Mayores velocidades de producción Desventajas * Mayor potencia para desempeñar...
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...Rothman and Amy Beth Rell Abstract According to the 2000 census, 35.3 million Hispanics live in the United States. This number comprises 12.5% of the overall population rendering the Latino community the largest minority in the United States. The Mexican community is not only the largest Hispanic group but also the fastest growing: from 1990 to 2000, the Mexican population grew 52.9% increasing from 13.5 million to 20.6 million (U.S. Department of Commerce News, 2001). The influx of Mexican immigrants coupled with the expansion of their community within the United States has created an unparalleled situation of language contact. Language is synonymous with identity (cf. Granger, 2004, and works cited within). To the extent that this is true, Spanish is synonymous with being Mexican and by extension, Chicano. With the advent of amnesty programs such as Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA), which naturalized millions of Mexican migrants, what was once a temporal migratory population has become increasingly permanent (Durand et al., 1999). In an effort to conserve Mexican traditions and identity, the struggle to preserve the mother tongue while at the same time acculturate to mainstream Americana has resulted in a variant of Spanglish that has received little attention. This paper will examine the variant of Spanglish seen in the greater Los Angeles area and liken it to the bi-national identity under which these Mexican Americans thrive. Keywords: spanglish, latino, immigration,...
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...seems to be another version of The Man of La Mancha, except the man is covered in a newspaper that is on fire. Because the book is about censorship, the choice of covering the man in newspapers that are burning makes a lot of sense to the story. Joseph Mugnaini fulfills role number one, helping the viewer see the world in new and innovative ways by taking the idea of a knight (The Man of La Mancha) and changing his armor to newspaper. This idea is like taking an old iconic character, a knight, and putting a new spin on how one should interpret his role. Perhaps the knight is on fire because he is losing his battle, just like the main character in Bradbury's novel. In 1937, Pablo Picasso painted Guernica, oil on canvas. The Republican Spanish government commissioned the mural for the 1937 World Fair in Paris. Guernica is a large mural, twenty-six feet wide and eleven feet tall, and was placed at the entrance to Spain’s pavilion. Picasso did not do any work after receiving the commission until reading of the bombing of the Basque village of Guernica, in Spain. It was that attack, perpetrated by the German Luftwaffe, which inspired him. Guernica, however, is not a complete depiction of that event. In Guernica, Picasso masterfully conveys the suffering of the Basque people and the tragedy of war. He seeks not to report on every detail of the bombing, but only to highlight the suffering by all. Reference:...
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...Appraising Internationality in Spanish Communication Journals ´ david ferna ndez-quijada This article explores how journals published in a language other than English achieve a degree of internationality and can increase our knowledge of scientific publication patterns. This author offers a case study focused on Spanish communication journals from a sample of 1182 articles published from 2007 to 2009. The article examines three variables in this sample: the number of non-Spanish scholars, the use of languages other than Spanish, and how often non-Spanish journals are referred to. The results show that (a) these journals find it difficult to attract foreign scholars, (b) open-language policies have had a limited effect, and (c) internationality is constrained to the Spanish geolinguistic region. Keywords: internationality, local journals, Spanish scholarly journals, journal evaluation, communication sciences introduction The impact of published research is measured by means of well-established tools; one such tool is the Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI). However, in the field of communication studies — and in fact in all the social sciences — the SSCI does not take account of all the research published; this is particularly visible in cases where research is published in languages other than English. For example, in 2009, only 81 out of the 1585 articles (5.11 per cent) indexed in the Communication category of the SSCI were not written in English. In the context of these...
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...who did not speak Spanish was often made fun of. The barrios, or neighborhoods, were home to thousands of Mexican immigrants who’d come to the United Sates in hopes of better lives for their children. The chavalitos, or children, of these people were first generation American and were Chicanos, that is, American children born of full-blooded Mexican parents. I always considered myself a Chicana; I never called myself Mexican or American. To me, this was normal because I had never been around people who were different. When I left my hometown, I realized that most people outside of the Mexican-American community did not fully understand what it meant to be a Chicano or had no idea what the word meant. The word Chicano traces back to the pre-Columbian era, when Mexico was still Meshico. It stems from Meshicano, an ancient Nahuatl word used by the Aztecs meaning “native.” The natives referred to themselves as Meshicanos, and even Shicanos, thus giving birth to the term “Chicano”. The term made its appearance in America, and was used to identify children born on American soil of Mexican descent. Our forefathers came to America seeking better lives and new opportunities for their children. With them, they brought their culture: music, food, customs and traditions. The combination of this with mainstream American culture is where we Chicanos get our way of life. An example of this is Spanglish, our own language. Spanglish is a combination of Spanish and English words...
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...love it there. I like living in the United States but there are many things that differ from Puerto Rico such as food, education and weather. Puerto Rico has variety of Spanish food that make you go there. Puerto Rico’s food is one of the best reasons to visit the island. It is diverse, rich, and flavorful with a combination of rice, beans, meat and fish fried. Puerto Rico cooking is somewhat similar to both Spanish and other Hispanic cuisines. It’s is a unique blend of influences. In Puerto Rico they cook rice with beans as a weekly menu. Traditional foods remind us of who we are, what we like, and those we love. In contrast the United States has variety of food from all over the world. Their food is a combination of everything because it has a lot of different people from other countries. Also, you can find Spanish food, Italian food, Mexican food, etc. The American people adopted a style of life, so they eat a lot of junk food, so there is high percentage of fast food places. In what I seemed American people tend to eat nachos, hot dogs and cheese burger instead of eating rice with beans. The style of education in Puerto Rico based in schools. In the other hand, their education comprehensive, public schools, homeschooling and private schools most of the schools has uniforms for the students. They teach Spanish and English at schools and have some privates classes for the other language. If you are attending on any school in Puerto Rico an a teacher miss the class to class you...
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...LANGUAGE NOTES: Unit 7 7 A Ex. 1 Stress: Remember that in Noun+Noun compounds the stress generally falls on the first element (exhaust fumes, etc.), whereas in Adj+Noun combinations it is usually on the noun (global warming) Practise the pron. of the terms that appear here and elsewhere in the unit. 2. account for = ‘represent’. Find other verb+prep collocations and phrasal verbs in the unit. 3. The verb rise – rose – risen is intransitive (= ‘to go up’) while raise is transitive (‘to put something up’). 5. Note the use of over here (=’in the course of’). Text 1: environmentally damaging: find other Advb+Vb collocations (one in Text 6) cotton-producing states. Think of other phrases on this model (eg: Spanish-speaking countries) and cf. gas-guzzling vehicles (text 3). Text 5: plummeting = ‘falling dramatically’. Find the opposite in the dictionary. 7 B Note the expressions with make, including the phrasal verb to make do with s.t. (opposite: … without) 7 C Note the phrasal verbs (to go about s.t. /go about doing s.t; to draw up a plan, etc.) Stress in Noun+Noun compounds: lífe coaching , action plan… l. 12 she was finding it hard to… Note the ‘it’ in this structure. It’s hard for me to relax > I find it hard to relax. l. 33 in a month’s time. Note the possessive with expressions of time (eg today’s class, yesterday’s paper, in three weeks’ time) l. 57 the goals I’ve set myself. Cf. to set one’s sights on s.t. (6A Text...
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...THTR 102- Introduction to Stage Voice Reading # 7 Professor - Christine Young-Gerber Sonya Aleksandrova-Holcomb March 3, 2013 Consonants - Ch.10 In “The Articulate Voice” chapter 10 “Consonants” by Lynn K. Wells explains the importance of consonants that they are classified according to the manner and place production. This means that some are produced with a great “friction” or “explosion”, and some are produces only sending sound through the nose (p.184). So, we have bilabial consonants, lingua-alveolar, nasal consonants, lateral and fricatives consonant. Here are few examples: Bilabial Consonants Sounds / p / -- IPA symbol. Classified as bilabial, unvoiced, plosive. Examples: apart / əpɑrt /, drip / drɪp /. / b / --IPA symbol. Classified as bilabial, voiced, plosive. Lips are pressed together, teeth are slightly apart, and air is exploding out of our mouth but with less explosions then [p] sound. Examples: ball / bɔl /; about / /əbaʊt/ /. Lingua-alveolar Consonants / t / --IPA symbol. Classified as lingua-alveolar, voiceless, plosive. Examples: ten / tɛn /; best / bɛst /. / d / -- IPA symbol. Classified as lingua-alveolar, voiced, plosive. Examples: day / deɪ /; stand / stænd /. / k / -- IPA symbol . Classified as lingua-velar, voiceless plosive. Examples: keep /kip/, key / ki /, ankle / æŋkəl /. / g...
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...Answer Selected Answer: Many people have asked what was so attractive to the English, French And Spanish to bring them to the "New World". Most people underestimate this question and cite greed. In my opinion what attracted the French, Spanish, and English to the New World is not given the credit it deserves. The basics that attracted the French, Spanish, and English to the New World were economic, social, and political strategic conflict. In the light of this I will break down the issues in order to give each of them the thought that they fully deserve. Spain looked at the New World and saw an oppertunity to convert the people of the New World to Catholasisim, because of Queen Isabellas strong commitment to her faith .Other countries were more concerened with political reaches it could impliment and use to control The new country.Queen Isabella was more worried about saving the savages souls. As a result an early establishment of the Catholic religion in the New World. The results of this are still seen today in America. The Spanish did manage to "civilise" Latin America, the Spanish had no way to rule effictivly, due to the distance from the Americas to Spain. Also, the Spainish ways of ruling had no give it was black and white no grey. All major decisions were made by Spain so when officals wrote for advice it took months to get a response, and the conflict was already over. Frances main goal in going to the "New World" was incorporation. The French didn't merely...
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...Catholic states. The league defeated the Ottoman Turks at Lepanto in October 1571, ending Turkish dominion over the Mediterranean. * He began settlements in the Philippines and established the Pacific trade route between America and Asia * He increased the importation of precious metals form the Americas which consolidated Spain's overseas empire. * Under Philip II, Spain became the richest nation on earth, and ruled the world from the Escorial. * He increased the importation of precious metals from the Americas which consolidated Spain's overseas empire. Failures: * Philip II was not able to stop the rebellion in the Netherlands nor to stop Protestantism there. * Philip was not able to stop the English defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588, which prevented Spain from conquering England. * The defeat of his Armada against the English led by Elizabeth I. * By 1596 Philip’s country went bankrupt. 2. Phillip II, as head of the government of Spain, believed in the divine right of monarchs and used this to justify a number of immoral and illegal acts, such as ordering murders. Phillip developed a system of regional self-government with rulers answering to him and he ruled as an absolute monarchy. Philip II generally believed that what was good for Spain...
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...= 1 semester; 10 credits = 1 year. Graduation requirements include: 40 credits (4 years) English; 30 credits (3 years) Mathematics; 30 credits (3 years) Science; 30 credits (3 years) Social Science; 20 credits (2 years) of Language other than English; 10 credits (1 year) Visual and Performing Arts; 40 credits (4 years) Religion;20 credits (2 years) Physical Education/ Health and/or Sports Affiliation; 5 credits (1 semester) Speech Communication; 15 credits (1.5 years) of elective credit (may include core courses).Advanced Placement courses are offered in American Government; Art History; Biology; Calculus AB; Calculus BC; Chemistry; Economics; English Language; English Literature; Environmental Science; European History; Physics; Spanish; Statistics; Studio Art; United States History; World History. AP courses have prerequisites that students must meet in order to be enrolled. There is no limit of how many AP courses a student may enroll. In 2010-2011 462 students enrolled in AP courses; 462 students sat for 884 exams. Of the 884 exams taken, 583 received scores of 3,4 or 5. Honors courses are offered in most subject areas, specifically: Algebra 2/Trigonometry; Anatomy and Physiology; Asian Studies; English; French; Latin; Pre-Calculus. GRADING AND RANKING The Academy assigns letter grades using a 4.0 system. Letter grades are assigned as follows: A = 90-100%; B = 80-89%; C = 70-79%; D =60-69%. Advanced Placement and Honor courses are weighted by one point. All...
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...have read in my life time because I can relate a lot to it. This essay was written by Tanya Maria Barrientos. This essay will help you see the struggles she had to over come while growing up in The United States and not speaking Spanish her native Language. Mrs Barrientos was born in Guatemala and was raised in El Paso TX. When she was 3 years old her family brought her to The United States. Her parents decided that they were only going to speak English in her household. Her parents had decided that the only way her and her brother could fit-in in the Anglo society was by only speaking English regardless of their Hispanic appearance. She wrote about a time when her parents took her one week late to school because they were on vacation. “At the school's office the registrar frowned when they arrived.” She told them “ you people. Your children are always behind, and you have the nerve to bring them late?” I personally been through that similar situation during my school years while growing up. I love her mothers response when she says “ My children will be at the top of their classes in two weeks.” I bet that took the registrar off track. Since she was young she thought that speaking Spanish meant various things. One of the things was that Spanish meant being poor. Another thing was that it meant waiting tables or cleaning hotel rooms. When she was 16 years old she informed to her father that “she hatted being called Mexican.” Mr Barrientos decided that since he hated that...
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...We live in a world where people are judged by the way they look, by the way they talk or even by the groups whom they’re associated with. A person who speaks with a deep accent may be judged for speaking “differently”. Language is a great thing. It’s what we use to communicate with others. Each country has different kinds of languages with different accents. Communication is used everywhere in the world. Everyone communicates all the time. But communication is much more than just talking and listening; it involves understanding and interpreting. Language can both include and exclude groups of people through the use of slang, family adaptations, and non-natives. First, there are many types of communication that involve slang everywhere in the world. Professional communication or slang in my opinion, is the way someone speaks naturally rather than trying to sound high class or use big words. Just because someone knows bigger, broader words doesn’t make it professional. In George Orwell’s essay, Politics and the English language, he states how language is full of bad habits when he says, “Modern English, especially written English, is full of bad habits which spread by imitation.” This is true because bad habits do stick, just like slang. The world communicates with slang which makes it hard for some to communicate. Professional communication can be looked at as a way in which someone presents themselves, rather than the way they speak. There is no legitimate...
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...The English Lesson “The English Lesson” is a short story written by the Latin American writer Nicholasa Mohr in 1996. The story is one of many from the text book “Change & Continuity”, of which the subject is refugees and immigrants. In the story we meet Mrs. Hamma, who teaches Basic English Tuesdays evenings at a local public school. The people she teaches are mostly Spanish-speaking from South America as William and Lali, but the student group also contains immigrants from other parts of the world; there is Mr. Fong from China, Diego Torres from the Dominican Republic, Aldo Fabrizi from Sicily, and Stephan Paczkowski from Poland. What they all have in common is that they have immigrated in the search of a better life and a lot of them to be American Citizens as well. What indicates that the story takes place in New York is that Mrs. Hamma lives in Queens, that the student Mr. Fong says, that he has been in United States, New York City for almost a year is working in Chinatown, and that Lali says, that she has lived in New York City Lower East side since she got married. Mrs. Susan Hamma is a very tall, angular woman with large extremities. She is even the tallest person in the room with students. She lives in Queens and works there in the local junior high school, but every Thursday she drives all the way to the Lower East Side to teach the group. As she says: “If these people can make it to class after working all day at those miserable, dreary, uninteresting, and...
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