...with a speech impediment, there often seems to be little hope. Many of these people are ridiculed as children, or cast out of society as a young adult because they are not able to communicate as efficiently as others. A speech and language pathologist can help them, and ultimately, change their life. Speech-language pathologists are sometimes called speech therapists. Their duties are to assess, diagnose, treat, and help those with communication and swallowing disorders. Speech, language, and swallowing disorders result from a variety of causes including stroke, brain injury, hearing loss, developmental delay, cleft lip or palate, cerebral palsy, and even people with emotional problems. Speech pathologists play a very important role in the lives of many people. Speech pathology is a relatively new profession. Many people believe that children suffering from a speech disorder will eventually grow out of it. However, this is not always the case. The profession first surfaced in the late 1940s, after World War II. Many soldiers returned from the frontlines with head wounds that limited or altered their ability to speak. Teachers, neurologists, and other doctors wanted to help the injured men, and a profession was born. Speech pathologists work with people who cannot speak clearly or at all. In America, this includes people who speak English as a second language. They also work with people who have problems with swallowing and eating. Speech and language pathologists often work...
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...The Case of Hillary Hillary is a 6-year-old with severe cerebral palsy and cognitive disability. Hillary has been attending a private school for children with developmental disabilities and severe handicaps for the past 2 months. According to her record, the student has a history of oral-pharyngeal dysphagia with silent aspiration and several bouts of pneumonia in the past 2 years. She has a PEG tube by which she receives her nutrition, hydration and medications. One morning Hillary’s home-room teacher approached the speech-language pathologist with a note written on a prescription paper ‘ordering’ oral feeding for Hillary while she is at school. The speech-language pathologist, John, is very concerned. He feels that it would be against professional standard to allow Hillary to eat orally. John feels that Hillary’s mother and physician do not have the student’s best interest at heart. Dysphagia Intervention in Schools As more students with chronic conditions receive their care in a traditional school setting, the speechlanguage pathologist is required to have a medical knowledge base for pediatric communication and swallowing disorders. Dysphagia intervention is becoming a more prominent component of the caseloads of speech-language pathologists who practice in the school setting. While this can be a rewarding challenge, scenarios in which clinicians find themselves can also have a more acute feel when managing a feeding tube and/or risk for aspiration...
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...affects those with this speech disorder. “Stuttering is a communication disorder in which individuals have involuntary disruption to the fluency of their speech”. Research Problem/Statement The goal of this research paper is to gain insight as to both the causes and possible treatments for speech disorders like stuttering. Also to determine how other individuals who may speak other languages may be influenced by speech disorders. The research that will be conducted will also analyze the social side effects of stuttering like bullying and social anxiety. Literature Review The literature review that was conducted by utilizing the several databases and journal articles found through Kings College EBSO Host database along with other full text databases. Stuttering is a speech disorder that usually is noticed when an individual is still a child. Signs of stuttering in most individuals tend to disappear as the individual ages. Stuttering “occurs most often in children between the ages of 2 and 5… Most children outgrow stuttering. About 1 percent or less of adults stutters”. Stuttering usually develops while an individual is learning to develop their language skills, but can also develop through severe trauma to the brain. Stuttering which is also known as stammering can negatively influence the lives of many. Speech disorders can negatively affect ones social life, and even professional career if sever enough. Studies have been done to assess the effect of speech disorders like that...
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...In this paper, traumatic brain injuries, the effects on speech and language, and the speech-language pathologist’s role with patients who have suffered a traumatic brain injury will be discussed. A traumatic brain injury is a very common cause of speech and language problems. It is an acquired cause, meaning it is not present at birth. It affects many areas of communication, including cognitive and memory skills, as well as speech and language. A speech-language pathologist plays an important role in these individuals’ lives. Speech-language pathologists are responsible for both the evaluation and the therapy for the patient. TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY Introduction Numerous research studies have been conducted on the topic...
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...SPHY 202: Language Disorders (Acquired) 2 Assessment 2: Case Study MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS: Sustained a left-sided MCA CVA involving lateral frontal lobe TIME POST-ONSET: 6 months SPEECH LANGUAGE DIAGNOSIS: Broca’s aphasia characterised by severe difficulties with expressive language skills involving both verbal and written modalities. ------------------------------------------------- Background Ruby is a 39-year old woman who lives at home in the UK with her husband and two children, 9 and 7 years old. Ruby was first admitted to hospital on the 1st of February 2014 following right side weakness in upper and lower limbs, aphasia and an associated fall getting out of bed in the morning. She was found to have an acute left sided middle cerebral artery infarct involving the lateral frontal lobe. The pre-central gyrus was also involved and damage possibly extends to the lateral fissure and subcortical structures. This has resulted in a right-sided hemiplegia affecting her upper limb primarily. No preceding significant medical history. Ruby has previously spent 2 weeks in a specialist stroke unit and then 3 months in a rehabilitation unit during which she received treatment from physio, OT and speech pathology. Include client demographic information; include information about previous intervention details social history, premorbid level of function, and any other relevant medical or allied health intervention details to date. Language Assessment Ruby’s communication...
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...ESE 633 Week 5 Assignment Collaborative Problem Solving To Buy This material Click below link http://www.uoptutors.com/ese-633-ash/ese-633-week-5-assignment-collaborative-problem-solving In this assignment you will demonstrate your understanding of the following learning objectives: Analyze ways to create a collaborative school culture to promote professional growth and leadership; Determine some of the causes of education-based conflict. Evaluate problem solving and negotiation strategies to resolve education-based conflict. Recognize the importance of knowing personal strengths and weaknesses in conflict resolution. Justify the collaborative role of transition team members who actively participate in transition meetings. Additionally, the assignment represents your mastery of Course Learning Outcomes 1, 2, & 3. Providing tools for academic success to students with disabilities is a collaborative effort. Sometimes however, individuals within the collaborative team face conflict due to a strong emotional or professional investment from a particular member. Examples of education-based conflict include disagreements over the allocation of limited resources and funding, differing curriculum delivery methods, class behavior management styles, misinterpreted conversations (due to cultural differences, communication styles, personal or professional backgrounds, and other differences), and misunderstanding of professional roles, school policy, and other school or district-based...
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...Student’s Name: Student’s Number: Course Code: Course Name: Semester and Year: Due Date: Working With Students with a Language Impairment - Review The three articles identify various situations that English Learners face as their second language. The case studies reveal that a future speech and language pathologist ought to observe various issues when preparing for English learners such as the age, education level and knowledge of English language by the parents also the kind of a school and teachers available for an individual. The articles identified the gaps that exist in teaching English as the second language and ways of preventing difficulties in the future. One of the significant challenges includes background with no experience with The English language, therefore; the teacher is the first individual to introduce the new language to them. Poor education contributes to the ability of the child to respond to simple instructions from the tutor. Additionally, expression of ideas becomes negatively affected contributing to poor performance academically and predominantly for the English Language Learners. Another significant challenge is the identity security especially for the immigrants (Danzak, 2015). Some families fear for the discrimination and harsh treatment such as through race, class or gender. One of the motivating factors in the language learning process includes the application of a pragmatic assessment approach (Danzak & Silliman, 2005). The strategy...
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...Diagnosis and Assessment in Special Education (SPE 536) Latanya Barkley June 26, 2013 Case Study 1: Student in Early Childhood Special Education Over the course of time it became very clear to Sean Smith that two of his three sons had issues with learning. At first his son Ben was diagnosed with Autism, yet nothing seemed to change for him at first. While his son Ken, seem to have trouble from the time he was a year old and should have been learning to focus on his parents and others around him, soon Ken was also diagnosed with Autism. This is where Ken’s story begins; his brother’s Ben story will be seen again in Case Study 2. Ken’s journey begins in 2010 when he was diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder. He was then given a vision and hearing screening to access him for possible preschool placement. While Ken passed his vision screening it was noted that he only briefly looked at people yet he did show excitement when seeing his parents or computer games. He seemed attracted to bright colors and appeared to use his left hand most of the time. He also passed his hearing screening and was then ready to undergo his Special Education Eligibility Report. Ken’s journey toward special education placement began with his first Developmental Report. This is where Ken’s parents asked for him to be evaluated for special education due to significantly delayed speech and communication skills. He was assessed by Dr. Su Black, a Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrician,...
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...Kimberly Douglas Dec 3 2014 Genetics Down Syndrome Down syndrome (DS) or Trisomy 21 is a complex developmental genetic disorder in which a person has 47 chromosomes instead of 46. Normally, a fertilized egg has 23 pairs of chromosomes. But in most cases, people living with Down syndrome have an extra copy of chromosome 21 also known as Trisomy 21, which is responsible for 95% Down syndrome cases and most common genetic cause of human mental retardation, with an incidence of 1-600/1-1000 live births. It is also responsible for premature pregnancy failure. It is the leading cause of cognitive impairment. Down syndrome occurs because of an abnormality characterized by an extra copy of genetic material on all or part of the 21st chromosome. Every cell in the body contains genes that are grouped along chromosomes in the cell's nucleus or center. There are normally 46 chromosomes in each cell, 23 inherited from your mother and 23 from your father. When some or all of a person's cells have an extra full or partial copy of chromosome 21, the result is Down syndrome. Down syndrome is associated with mild to moderate learning disabilities, developmental delays, characteristic facial features, and low muscle tone in early infancy. Many individuals with Down syndrome also have heart defects, leukemia, early-onset Alzheimer's disease, gastro-intestinal problems, and other health issues. The symptoms of Down syndrome range from mild to severe. Life expectancy for individuals with...
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... By Nicole Alonso CDD 2251-04 Speech Language Hearing Disorder Kean University November 26,2011 Introduction Detailed overview of disorder “Autism is a developmental disorder that appears in the first 3 years of life, and affects the brain's normal development of social and communication skills. ( 1.PubMed Health, 2010)” Autism is also known as Autism Spectrum Disorder ( ASD). “ Health care providers think of autism as a “spectrum” disorder, since it is a group of disorders with similar features. (National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, 2011 paragraph)” A child who has autism may have symptoms that span from mild to severe. There are several types of autism that fall under the spectrum. They include Aspergers Syndrome, RETT Syndrome, Childhood Disintegrative Disorder, and Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD-NOS). “These disorders are characterized in varying degrees, be it difficulties in social interaction, verbal and non- verbal communication and repetitive behaviors.” ( Autism Speaks, 2011) Aspergers syndrome is a high functioning form of autism. A child with Aspergers might have difficulty interacting with others, awkwardness, and display repetitive behaviors. “Rett syndrome is a disorder of the nervous system that leads to developmental reversals, especially in the areas of expressive language and hand use.” (2.PubMed Health,2010) Childhood Disintegrative Disorder...
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...professional. Depending on the child’s disability, the team members may consist of a vision specialist, physical therapist, a speech and language pathologist, or another specialist who’s expertise is required in assessing the student. When the evaluations are completed, the team members write their reports and decide together if the student qualifies for the services. Once the school team has decided that the student is eligible for special education services, the teachers, parents, and students must consider many important issues with the development of the IEP goals and objectives. They must also determine the most correct educational placement. The goals and objectives are based on what was documented and discussed in the current grade performance level and focuses on the student’s needs that result from their disability. The goals must help the student become involved and progress in the school’s general curriculum which can be academic, social, behavioral, self-help, or address other educational needs. These goals are not written to maintain skills or help the student achieve higher grade level. According to the U.S Department of Education, children with IEPs must be reevaluated every three years to determine whether they are still eligible for these services. If a teacher or parent request it, a reevaluation can be sooner or more often. CASE STUDY Michelle (Middle School: Down Syndrome/MR) Michelle is a 7th grader and struggles with subtracting and adding 2 digit...
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...similar to the client, clinical expertise from the clinician, and the values that the client and their family have. According to the American Speech Language Hearing Association (ASHA) this process involves the speech language pathologist doing the necessary research to gain the knowledge needed to make a clinical decision and have the skills necessary to act on the clinical decision and while doing so, making sure the literature they are basing their decision off of is reliable and is of high quality (2005). It was also stated to be...
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...An Overview of Autism As a future Speech Language Pathologist and educator, it is important to consider a vast variety of mental disorders when dealing with patients or students. The importance is evident because disorders affect how your clients respond to treatment or social interaction in general. It is imperative to be aware of a disorder’s affect on children, short term and long term. In terms of speech development, the effects of such a disorder are even more important to note. In this instance, I will examine autism, a developmental disability that takes place on a lifelong basis. It has an influence on how patients communicate or interact with others in their multitude of facets of life. First, I will look into a general overview...
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...the horse as a strategy by Physical Therapists, Occupational Therapists, and Speech-Language Pathologists to address impairments, functional limitations, and disabilities in patients with neuromusculoskeletal dysfunction.".(1) Hippotherapy can help many patients with different diseases and problems from movement defects and disorders to mental illnesses. Hippotherapy has a goal for treating both children and disable adults that is positively focus on balance , posture , speech , motor function , respiration and daily on living skills and this will positively affects there physical , social , psychological outcomes . Theory : Hippotherapy sessions occur in an indoor or outdoor area , and safety is the most important thing should be considered for both patient and his\her...
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...This action research study is to examine social skill intervention on children with social deficits and their ability to use active listening and observing to help them notice others. “The term ‘social skills’ encompasses a wide range of abilities that includes listening and speaking skills, the recognition and understanding of emotional facial expressions, and the appropriate employment of gesture, posture, and proximity” (Ryan & Charragain, 2010, pp. 1505). What effect does active listening and observation intervention have on students with social deficits and their ability to make connections with their peers? After intervention, participants should know how to ask questions and respond with follow up comments by actively listening. Participants should know how to collect information about peers by actively observing them inside their school community, as well as listening to them. We should see participants noticing and doing non-verbal communication while...
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